1.-(1) Subject to subsection (2) below, the days specified in Bank Schedule 1 to this Act shall be bank holidays in England and holidays. Wales, in Scotland and in Northern Ireland as indicated in the Schedule. (2) If it appears to Her Majesty that, in the special circumstances of any year, it is inexpedient that a day specified in Schedule 1 to this Act should be a bank holiday, Her Majesty may by proclama- tion declare that that day shall not in that year be a bank holiday and appoint another day in place of it, and the day appointed by the proclamation shall, in that year, be a bank holiday under this Act instead of the day specified in Schedule 1. (3) Her Majesty may from time to time by proclamation appoint a special day to be, either throughout the United Kingdom or in any place or locality in the United Kingdom, a bank holiday under this Act. (4) No person shall be compellable to make any payment or to do any act on a bank holiday under this Act which he would not be compellable to make or do on Christmas Day or Good Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 c. 80 2 Power to suspend financial dealings. Friday, and Where a person would, apart from this subsection, be compellable to make any payment or to do any act on a bank holiday under this Act, his obligation to make the payment or to do the act shall be deemed to be complied with if he makes or does it on the next following day on which he is compellable to make or do it. (5) The powers conferred on Her Majesty by subsections (2) and (3) above may, as respects Northern Ireland, be exercised by the Governor of Northern Ireland. (6) The provision made by this section for January 2nd or 3rd to be a bank holiday in Scotland shall have effect for the year 1973 and subsequent years. 2.-(1) If it appears to the Treasury necessary or expedient so to do in the national interest, they may by order (made by statutory instrument, which shall be laid before Parliament after being made) give, with respect to a day specified in the order, all or any of the following directions, namely:- (a) a direction that, subject to any exceptions for which provision may be made by the order, no person carry- ing on the business of a banker shall, except with permission granted by or on behalf of the Treasury, effect on that day, in the course of that business, any transaction or, according as may be specified in the order, a transaction of such lend as may be so specified; (b) a direction that, subject as aforesaid, no authorised dealer in foreign currency shall, on that day, except with permission so granted, deal in any foreign currency or, according as may be specified in the order, foreign currency of such lend as may be so specified, (c) a direction that, subject as aforesaid, no authorised dealer in gold shall on that day, except with permission so granted, deal in any gold; (d) a direction that, subject as aforesaid, no person shall on that day, except with permission so granted, deal in silver bullion; (e) a direction that, subject as aforesaid, no member of any commodity exchange or, as the case may be, of any such commodity exchange as may be specified in the order, shall, on that day, except with permission so granted, deal thereon in futures in any commodity or, according as may be so specified, in futures in a com- modity of such kind as may be so specified; (f) a direction that the Post Oiiice shall, on that day, suspend the operation of any banking service provided by it in exercise of the power conferred on it by section 7(1)(b) c. 80 Banking and Financial Dealings Act 197] 1969 c. 48. of the Post Office Act 1969; and (g) a direction that no member of a stock exchange in the United Kingdom shall, on that day, effect any trans- action on that exchange. (2) Subsection (1)(a) above shall not authorise the giving of directions to a person carrying on the business of a savings bank in respect of that business, nor to the Post Oliice in respect of any business carried on in exercise of the power conferred on it by (3) An obligation on a person to do a thing on a day on which he is prevented from doing it by an order under this section, or is unable to do it by reason of any such order, shall be deemed to be complied with if he does it so soon as practicable thereafter. (4) A person who knowingly or recklessly contravenes a direction given by an order under subsection (1) of this section shall be guilty of an olfence and liable- (a) on summary conviction, to a fine of not more than £400, (b) on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for not more than two years or to a fine or to both. (5) Where an offence under this section which has been com- mitted by a body corporate is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any neglect on the part of, a director, manager, secretary or other similar ollicer of the body corporate, or any person who was purporting to act in any such capacity he, as Well as the body corporate, shall be guilty of that olfence and shall be liable to be proceeded against accordingly. Where the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members, this subsection shall apply in relation to the acts and defaults of a member in connection with his functions of management as if he were a director of the body corporate. aut irised dealer in foreign currency means a person for the time being authorised by an order of the Treasury to act for the purposes of the Exchange Control Act 1947 c. 14. 1947 as an authorised dealer in relation to any foreign currency, authorised dealer in gold means a person for the time being authorised by an order of the Treasury to act for those purposes as an authorised dealer in relation to gold; commodity exchange means an association established in the United Kingdom for the purpose of facilitating dealings by the members thereof in a commodity; and Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 c. 80 section 7(1)(b) of the Post Oiiice Act 1969. 1969 c. 48. (6) In this section- 4: h 4 1947 c. 14. Bills of exchange and promissory notes. 1882 c. 61. Consequential and supple- mentaly. 1871 c. 17. 1875 c. 13. 1961 c. 34. foreign currency and gold have the same meanings respectively as they have in the Exchange Control Act 1947. 3.-(1) Section 92 of the Bills of Exchange Act 1882 (which, in a case in which the time limited by that Act for doing any act or thing is less than three days, excludes non-business days from the reckoning of that time, and defines such days for the pur- poses of the Act) shall have effect as if, in paragraph (a) of the definition of non-business days, Saturday were inserted immediately before Sunday This subsection shall not operate to extend any period expiring at or before the time it comes into force. (2) For section 14(1) of the Bills of Exchange Act 1882 (under or by virtue of which the date of maturity of a bill or promissory note that does not say otherwise is arrived at by adding three days of grace to the time of payment as fixed by the bill or note, but is advanced or postponed if the last day of grace is a non- business day) there shall be substituted, except in its application to bills drawn and notes made before this subsection comes into force, the following paragraph- (1) The bill is due and payable in all cases on the last day of the time of payment as mixed by the bill or, if that is a non-business day, on the succeeding business day. (3) This section shall come into force at the expiration of one month beginning with the date on which this Act is passed. 4.-(1) Except as otherwise provided by this Act, in any enactment or instrument passed or made before the coming into force of this section (including an enactment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland or instmment having effect under such an enactment) any reference to a bank holiday under the Bank Holidays Act 1871 or a holiday under the Holidays Extension Act 1875 shall have effect as a reference to a bank holiday under this Act. (2) In section 94(2) of the Factodes Act 1961 (which specifies for England and Wales Christmas Day, Good Friday and holidays under the Holidays Extension Act 1875 as the days to be allowed as holidays to women and young persons) for the words and every bank holiday there shall be substituted the words and the days specified as bank holidays in England and Wales by Schedule 1 to the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 other than 27th December in a year in which 25th December is a Sunday, except that, if in any year it is declared under section 1(2) of that Act that any of those days shall not be a bank holiday, the day substituted for that day by virtue of section 1(2) shall be substituted for it for the purposes also of this section c. 80 Banking and Financial Dealings Act 197] (3) An order under section 2 above may be made with respect to a bank holiday or other day which is a non-business day for the purposes of the enactments relating to bills of exchange and promissory notes or with respect to a business day, but if a day specified under section 2(1) is otherwise a business day for those purposes, the order may declare it a non-business day. (4) Accordingly in section 92 of the Bills of Exchange Act 1882, 1882 c. 61. in the definition of non-business days, for the words the Bank Holidays Act 1871 or Acts amending it in paragraph (b) 1871 c. 17. there shall be substituted the words the Banldng and Financial Dealings Act 1971, and there shall be added as a new para- graph (d)=- (d)a day declared by an order under section 2 of the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 to be a non- business day. (5) The enactments mentioned in Schedule 2 to this Act (which includes in Part I certain enactments already obsolete or un- necessary apart from this Act) are hereby repealed to the extent specified in column 3 of that Schedule. 5.--(1) This Act may be cited as the Banking and Financial Short title Dealings Act 1971. and extent. (2) It is hereby declared that this Act, except section 4(2), extends to Northern Ireland; but section 1 of this Act, together with section 4(1), shall be deemed for purposes of section 6 of the Government of Ireland Act 1920 to be contained in an Act 1920 c. 67. passed before the appointed day. ### 1.- -(1) In respect of ironstone extracted on or after let April Contributions 1971 by opencast operations from land within the ironstone from distdct as defined in the Mineral Workings Act 1951 (in this o0er$tt0ns Act referred to as the Act of 1951) contributions shall be towards paid to the Secretary of State by the persons by whom those Ironstone (2) Subject to subsections (3) and (4) below, contdbutions 1951 c.60. under this section shall be payable at such rate per ton (in this Act referred to as the full rate) as may from time to time be specified by order made by the Secretary of State. (3) An order under subsection (2) above shall specify, in addition to the full rate, a lower rate of contributions (in this section referred to as the reduced rate), and that rate shall be applicable with respect to- (a) ironstone which immediately before 15th February 1951 was subject to a full restoring lease , and (b) ironstone in respect of which an order under section 7 of the Act of 1951 or section 56(1) of the Town and 1954 c. 72. Country Planning Act 1954 (relating to ironstone an interest in which is held on charitable trusts or for chartable purposes) was in force immediately before the passing of this Act. Mineral Workings Act 1971 ELIZABETH II c. 71 operations are carded out. Restoration Fund. 2 Deductions from mining rents, etc. in respect of full rate contributions. 1966 c. 4. (4) The Secretary of State may by order direct that, as from the date of the order or such earlier date as may be specified in the order, contributions under this section shall be payable at the reduced rate (instead of at the full rate) in respect of such ironstone as may be so specified, being ironstone an interest in which is held on the date of the order on charitable trusts or for charitable purposes. (5) A rate per ton specified in an order under subsection (2) above shall be applicable in respect of each ton of ironstone weighed in its crude state after extraction and before calcination, and for the purpose of determining the contributions payable in respect of ironstone which is calcined on the site before weighing, the weight of such ironstone before calcination shall be taken to be one and one-third times its weight after calcination. (6) A person who carries out operations in respect of which contributions are payable under this section is in this Act and the Act of 1951 referred to as an operator. (7) The preceding provisions of this section shall have effect in place of the provisions of section 3 of the Act of 1951 and accordingly contributions received by the Secretary of State under this section shall be paid into the Ironstone Restoration Fund. 2.-(1) Subject to subsection (2) below, where under section 1 above contributions at the full rate are paid- (a) by a lessee under a mining lease, or (b) by the person granted a right to work minerals by an order made, or having effect as if made, under the Mines (Working Facilities and Support) Act 1966 (in this Act referred to as a mineral rights order), then, notwithstanding anything in the lease or mineral rights order, a sum determined in accordance with the following pro- visions of this section may, in accordance with those provisions, be deducted from payments made by the lessee under the lease or by that person under the mineral rights order, or be otherwise recovered by the lessee or that person. (2) Subsection (1) above- (a) does not apply in relation to any mining lease made after 15th February 1951 and before let August 1951 which contained a provision expressly excluding the operation of paragraph (b) of section 6(2) of the Act of 1951, and (b) does not authorise the deduction or recovery of any sum on account of contributions paid in respect of any ironstone which is worked free of tonnage royalty under a lease by virtue of any premium or rent paid or accrued due before let January 1955. (3) Subject to subsection (5) below, the sum which may be deducted or recovered under subsection (1) above on account of c. 71 Mineral Workings Act 1971 contributions at the full rate shall be determined in accordance with an order made by the Secretary of State. (4) An order under this section shall specify either- (a) a rate of deduction per ton on account of each ton in respect of which the full rate contributions were paid ; or (b) a deduction of a proportion of the amount of the full rate contributions paid ; and different rates per ton or different proportions may be speci- hed in such an order in respect of such different leases or classes of lease or different mineral dghts orders or classes of mineral rights order as may be so specified. (5) Every order under this section shall be so framed as to secure that the amount which, by virtue of the order, may be deducted from payments under a mining lease or mineral rights order by the lessee or other person concerned in respect of each ton of ironstone extracted under that lease or order is not less than the amount which he was entitled to deduct under section 3(2A) of the Act of 1951 in respect of each ton so extracted in the year ending 31st March 1971. (6) Where the value of the royalties under the lease or mineral rights order concerned is less than the value of a full royalty, the sum which may be deducted or recovered under subsection (1) above shall be reduced proportionately. (7) Schedule l to this Act (which reproduces, by reference to the provisions of this section, the provisions of paragraphs 4 to 8 of Schedule 3 to the Act of 195 l) shall have effect for supplementing the provisions of this section. 3.-(1) The Secretary of State may by order from time to Variation of time vary the rate which is the standard rate for the purposes of the standard section 9 of the Act of 1951 (payments to operators from rate. Ironstone Restoradon Fund by reference to excess of cost of works of restoration over the standard rate). (2) An order under this section shall have effect with respect to Work completed after such date as may be specified in the order, and in making an order under this section the Secretary of State shall have regard- (a) to the rate which, immediately before the order is made, is the standard rate for the purposes of section 9 of the Act of 1951 ; and (b) to any change in the cost of labour and materials and of other items relevant to the cost of carrying out any such works as are referred to in section 9(1) of the Act of 1951 since that rate was last determined under this section or, in the case of the first order made under this section, since 25th July 1950 (the date as at which costs were assessed under section 9(3) of the Act of 1951, as originally enacted). Mineral Workings Act 197] c. 71 _ 4 Consultation with ironstone operators and owners and abolition of existing Advisory Committee. Orders. Amendments and repeals. Short title, citation, interpretation and extent. 4.-(1) Before making an order under any of the preceding provisions of this Act, the Secretary of State shall consult such persons or bodies of persons as appear to him to be representative of ironstone operators and of owners of interests in land from which ironstone is extracted as mentioned in section 1 above. (2) The Advisory Committee on Ironstone Restoration, established under section 34 of the Act of 1951, is hereby abolished. 5.-(1) Any power of the Secretary of State under this Act to make an order shall be exercisable by statutory instrument. (2) A statutory instrument made in the exercise of any such power shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. (3) An order made by the Secretary of State under any pro- vision of this Act may be revoked or vaned by a subsequent order made under that provision. 6.-(1) The amendments of the Act of 1951 specified in Schedule 2 to this Act shall have effect, being, with the exception of an amendment to substitute an equivalent amount in decimal currency, amendments consequential on the provisions of this Act. (2) The amendment of section 9 of the Act of 1951 specified in Schedule 2 to this Act shall have effect only with respect to work completed after the date specified, as mentioned in sub- section (2) of section 3 above, in the first order made under that section. (3) The enactments specified in Schedule 3 to this Act are hereby repealed to the extent specified in the third column of that Schedule. (4) Nothing in Schedule 2 or Schedule 3 to this Act shall affect the condnued operation of section 3 of, or Schedule 3 to, the Act of 1951, or of any other enactment referred to in those Schedules, in relation to ironstone extracted before Ist April 1971 and the contributions paid or payable in respect of that ironstone. 7.--(1) This Act may be cited as the Mineral Workings Act 1971 and this Act and the Act of 1951 may be cited together as the Mineral Workings Acts 1951 and 1971. (2) In this Act- (a) the expressions the full rate, operator and the Act of 1951 have the meanings assigned to them by section 1 above , (b) the expression mineral rights order has the meaning assigned to it by section 2(1) above ; and c. 71 Mineral Workings Act 197] (C) the expressions full restoring lease, royalty, ton and tonnage royalty have the meanings assigned to them by section 41(1) of the Act of 1951. (3) Except where the context otherwise requires, any refer- ence in this Act to any other enactment shall be taken as referring to that enactment as amended by or under any other enactment, including this Act. (4) This Act extends to England and Wales only. ### 1.-(1) A person on board an aircraft in flight who unlaw- I-Iijacking. fully, by the use of force or by threats of any kind, seizes the aircraft or exercises control of it commits the oifence of hijacking, whatever his nationality, whatever the State in which the aircraft is registered and whether the aircraft is in the United Kingdom or elsewhere, but subject to subsection (2) of this section. (2) If- (a) the aircraft is used in military, customs or police serv1ce I or (b) both the place of take-old and the place of landing are in the territory of the State in which the aircraft is registered; subsection (1) o6 this section shall not apply, unless- (i) the person seizing or exercising control of the aircraft is such a person as is mentioned in subsection (3) of this section , or (ii) his act is committed in the United Kingdom; or 2 1948 c. 56. 1965 c. 34. Violence against passengers or crew. 1967 c. 52. 1861 c. 100. 1883 c. 3. (iii) the aircraft is registered in the United King- dom or is used in the military or customs service of the United Kingdom or in the service of any police force in the United Kingdom. (3) The persons referred to in subsection (2)(i) of this section are the following, namely,- (a) a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies; (b) a British subject by virtue of section 2 of the Bdtish Nationality Act 1948; (c) a Bdtish subject without citizenship by virtue of section 13 or section 16 of that Act; (d) a British subject by virtue of the British Nadonality Act 1965 ; and (e) a British protected person within the meaning of the British Nationality Act 1948. (4) A person who- (a) commits the offence of hijacking ; or (b) in the United Kingdom induces or assists the com- mission elsewhere of an act which would be the offence of hijacking but for subsection (2) of this section ; shall be liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for life. (5) For the purposes of this section the period during which an aircraft is in Bight shall be deemed to include any peldod from the moment when all its external doors are closed following embarkation untill the moment when any such door is opened for disembarkation, and, in the case of a forced landing, any period until the competent authorities take over responsibility for the aircraft and for persons and property on board. (6) For the purposes of this section the territorial waters of any State shall be treated as part of its terdtory. (7) In this section military service includes naval and 311'-\f01°C serv1ce. 2. Without prejudice to section 1 of the Tokyo Convention Act 1967 (which makes similar provision for offences on board British-controlled aircraft), where a person (of whatever nationality) does on board any aircraft (Wherever registered) and while outside the United Kingdom any act Which, if done in the United Kingdom (or, as the case may be, in England, Wales or Northern Ireland or in Scotland) would constitute the offence of murder, attempted murder, manslaughter, culpable homicide or assault or an olience under section 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 28 or 29 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861 or section 2 of the Explosive Substances Act 1883, his act shall c. 70 H3acking Act 197] constitute that offence if it is done in connection with the offence of hijacking committed or attempted by him on board that aircraft. 3.-(1) There shall be deemed to be included- Extradition. (a) in the list of extradition crimes contained in Schedule 1 (b) among the descriptions of offences set out in Schedule 1 to the Fugitive Clfenders Act 1967 ; any oifence under this Act and (so far as not so included by virtue of the foregoing) any attempt to commit such an offence. (2) Where no such arrangement as is mentioned in section 2 of the Extradition Act 1870 has been made with a State which is a party to the Convention, an Order in Council applying that Act may be made under that section as if the Convention were such an arrangement with that State , but where that Act is so applied it shall have effect as if the only extradition crimes Within the meaning of that Act were offences under this Act and attempts to commit such offences. (3) For the purposes of the Extradition Act 1870 any act, wherever committed, which- (a) is an offence under this Act or an attempt to commit such an oifence or would be such an offence or attempt but for section 1(2) of this Act; and (b) is an offence against the law of any State in the case of which that Act has been applied by an Order in Council under section 2 thereof , shall be deemed to be an offence committed within the juris- diction of that State. (4) In this section the Convention means the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft signed at The Hague on 16th December 1970. 1967 c. 68. 4.-(1) If the Secretary of State by order declares- Aircraft (a) that any two or more States named in the order have operated established an organisation or agency which operates yjomt or international (b) that one of those States has been designated as exercis- ing, for aircraft so operated, the powers of the State of registration, the State declared under paragraph (b) of this subsection shall be deemed for the purposes of this Act to be the State in which any aircraft so operated is registered , but in relation to such an aircraft section 1:(2)(b) of this Act shall have effect as if it referred to the terdtory of any one of the States named in the order. Hyacking Act 1971 c. 70 to the Extradition Act 1870 ; and 1870 c. 52. aircraft ; and organisation. 4 Prosecution of offences. 1952 c. 67. Application to Channel Islands, Isle of Man, etc. 1870 c. 52. 1967 c. 68. Short title and com- mencement. (2) An order under this section shall be made by statutory instrument and may be vaded or revoked by a subsequent order under this section. 5.-(1) Proceedings for an offence under this Act shall not be instituted- (a) in Englandand Wales, except by or with the oonsen-t of the Attorney General ; and (b) in Nonthenn Ireland, except by or with the consent of the Attorney General for Northern Ireland. (2) In section 3 of the Visiting Forces Act 1952 (restriction of trial by United Kingdom courts) the following be inserted after paragraph (b) of subsection (1) :- or (bb) the alleged offence is the offence of hijacking on board a military aircraft in the service of that force" and in subsection (4) for the wordsparagraphs (b) and (c) there shall be substituted the words paragraphs (b) to (c) > 6.-(1) Sections 17 and 22 of the Extradition Act 1870 and sections 16 and 17 of the Fugitive Offenders Act 1967 (applica- tion to Channel Islands, Isle of Man and United Kingdom dependencies) shall extend respectively to the provisions of this Act amending those Acts. (2) Her Majesty may by Order in Council make provision for extending the other -provisions of this Act, with such excep- tions, adaptations or modifications as may be specified in the Order, to any of the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man, any colony, other than a colony for whose external relations a country other than the United Kingdom is responsible, or any country outside Her Majestys dorninions in which Her Majesty has jurisdiction in right of Her Majestys Government of the United Kingdom. (3) An Order in Council under this section may be vaded or revoked by a subsequent Order in Council. 7.-(1) This AM may be cited as the Hijacking Act 1971. (2) This Act shall come into force on such day as Her Majesty may by Order in Council appoint. ### 1Fees. (1)The Ministers may with the consent of the Treasury make regulations providing— (a)for the payment and recovery of such fees as are prescribed by the regulations in connection with any application in pursuance of the Medicines Act 1968 (hereafter in this Act referred to as " the principal Act") for a licence, certificate or direction under Part II of that Act or for the variation or renewal of such a licence or certificate; (b)for the payment of any such fee by instalments, and for the refund of the whole or part of any such fee, in such cases as may be determined by or under the regulations;and the regulations may include provision in respect of any such application made before the passing of this Act but after 30th June 1971. (2)The Ministers may also make regulations— (a)providing that subsection (5) or subsection (6) of section 27 of the principal Act (which among other things provides, in connection with an application for a licence of right, that that Act shall have effect in certain circumstances as if the licence had been granted), or either of those subsections as applied by any other provision of the principal Act, shall not apply in relation to an application while there remains unpaid a sum due by way of or on account of a fee payable by virtue of this section in respect of the application; (b)providing for the suspension of any licence or certificate under Part II of the principal Act while there remains unpaid a sum due by way of or on account of a fee payable by virtue of this section in respect of the licence or certificate. (3)Expressions used in this section and the principal Act as amended by the Transfer of Functions (Wales) Order 1969 have the same meanings in this section as in that Act as so amended; and the following provisions of that Act, that is to say— (a)subsections (1), (6) and (7) of section 128 (which among other things provide for the payment, out of money provided by Parliament and into the Consolidated Fund respectively, of the expenses and receipts of the Ministers in consequence of that Act); (b)subsections (2), (3)(c), (5) and (6) of section 129 (which provide for regulations under that Act to be subject to annulment and contain other supplementary provisions relating to such regulations); and (c)paragraphs 6, 8 and 11 of Schedule 4 (which relates to Northern Ireland),shall have effect as if any reference to that Act (except the second reference in the said paragraph 6) included a reference to this section. (4)Subsection (3) of section 128 of the principal Act (which authorises the charging of fees in connection with applications under Part II of that Act) is hereby repealed; but any regulations in force by virtue of that subsection immediately before the passing of this Act shall have effect thereafter as if made under this section. 2Citation and extent. (1)This Act may be cited as the Medicines Act 1971, and this Act and the principal Act may be cited together as the Medicines Acts 1968 and 1971. (2)This Act extends to Northern Ireland. ### 1Constitution of the Authority (1)There shall be a body corporate, to be called the Civil Aviation Authority (and hereafter in this Act referred to as " the Authority "), which shall be constituted in accordance with the following provisions of this section. (2)The Authority shall consist of not less than six nor more than twelve persons appointed by the Secretary of State to be members of the Authority; and the Secretary of State— (a)shall appoint one member to be the chairman of the Authority; and (b)may appoint not more than two other members to be deputy chairmen of the Authority. (3)The provisions of Schedule 1 to this Act shall have effect with respect to the Authority. (4)It is hereby declared that the Authority is not to be regarded as the servant or agent of the Crown or as enjoying any status, privilege or immunity of the Crown or (subject to the provisions of this Act relating to stamp duty) as exempt from any tax, duty, rate, levy or other charge whatsoever, whether general or local, and that its property is not to be regarded as property of or held on behalf of the Crown. (5)In Part II of Schedule 1 to the [1957 c. 20..] House of Commons Disqualification Act 1957, as it applies in relation to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, after the entry relating to the Channel Tunnel Planning Council there shall be inserted the words “The Civil Aviation Authority”; and in the Part substituted for the said Part II by Schedule 3 to that Act in relation to the Senate and House of Commons of Northern Ireland, after the entry relating to the Central Council for Agricultural and Horticultural Co-operation there shall be inserted the words aforesaid. 2Functions of the Authority The functions of the Authority shall be— (a)the functions conferred on it by the following provisions of this Part of this Act; (b)the functions conferred on it by or under Part II of this Act with respect to the licensing of air transport, the licensing of the provision of accommodation in aircraft, the provision of air navigation services, the operation of aerodromes and the provision of assistance and information; (c)such functions as are for the time being conferred on it by or under Air Navigation Orders with respect to the registration of aircraft, the safety of air navigation and aircraft (including airworthiness), the control of air traffic, the certification of operators of aircraft and the licensing of air crews and aerodromes ; (d)such other functions as are for the time being conferred on it by virtue of this Act or any other enactment. Regulation of performance by the Authority of its functions 3General objectives, and guidance by the Secretary of State (1)It shall be the duty of the Authority to perform the functions conferred on it otherwise than by this section in the manner which it considers is best calculated— (a)to secure that British airlines provide air transport services which satisfy all substantial categories of public demand (so far as British airlines may reasonably be expected to provide such services) at the lowest charges consistent with a high standard of safety in operating the services and an economic return to efficient operators on the sums invested in providing the services and with securing the sound development of the civil air transport industry of the United Kingdom; (b)to secure that at least one major British airline which is not controlled by the British Airways Board has opportunities to participate in providing, on charter and other terms, the air transport services mentioned in the preceding paragraph ; (c)subject to the preceding paragraphs, to encourage the civil air transport industry of the United Kingdom to increase the contribution which it makes towards a favourable balance of payments for the United Kingdom and towards the prosperity of the economy of the United Kingdom ; and (d)subject to the preceding paragraphs, to further the reasonable interests of users of air transport services;and in this subsection " British airline " means an undertaking having power to provide air transport services and appearing to the Authority to have its principal place of business in the United Kingdom, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man and to be controlled by persons who either are United Kingdom nationals or are for the time being approved by the Secretary of State for the purposes of this subsection. (2)Subject to the following subsection, the Secretary of State may from time to time, after consultation with the Authority, give guidance to the Authority in writing with respect to the performance of the functions conferred on it otherwise than by this subsection; and it shall be the duty of the Authority to perform those functions in such a manner as it considers is in accordance with the guidance for the time being given to it in pursuance of this subsection. (3)No guidance shall be given to the Authority in pursuance of the preceding subsection unless a draft of the document containing it has been approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament. 4Secretary of State's directions in national interest etc. (1)In time of war, whether actual or imminent, or of great national emergency, the Secretary of State may by order require that all or any property or rights of or under the control of the Authority shall be placed at the disposal of the Secretary of State; and while an order under this subsection is in force— (a)the Secretary of State may give to the Authority such directions as the Secretary of State thinks fit; and (b)in so far as any directions given in pursuance of this subsection conflict with any requirements of this Act apart from this subsection those requirements shall be disregarded. (2)Section 28 of the [1967 c. 33..] Air Corporations Act 1967 (which also relates to the Secretary of State's powers in case of emergency) shall have effect as if any reference in subsections (3) to (5) of that section to an order under that section included a reference to an order under the preceding subsection. (3)The Secretary of State may, after consultation with the Authority, give to the Authority directions to do a particular thing which it has power to do or refrain from doing a particular thing if the Secretary of State considers it appropriate to give such directions— (a)in the interests of national security; or (b)in connection with any matter appearing to the Secretary of State to affect the relations of the United Kingdom with a country or territory outside the United Kingdom; or (c)in order to discharge or facilitate the discharge of an obligation binding on the United Kingdom by virtue of its being a member of an international organisation or a party to an international agreement; or (d)in order to attain or facilitate the attainment of any other object the attainment of which is in the opinion of the Secretary of State appropriate in view of the fact that the United Kingdom is a member of an international organisation or a party to an international agreement; or (e)in order to enable the United Kingdom to become a member of an international organisation or a party to an international agreement; or (f)in order to prevent or deal with noise, vibration, pollution or other disturbance attributable to aircraft used for the purpose of civil aviation ;and in so far as any directions given in pursuance of this subsection conflict with the requirements of any provision of this Act except subsections (1) and (2) of this section those requirements shall be disregarded. 5Special provisions as respects certain functions (1)Such functions of the Authority as may be prescribed for the purposes of this subsection shall not be performed on behalf of the Authority by any other person; and regulations may provide that for the purpose of performing a function prescribed in pursuance of this subsection the quorum of the Authority shall be such as may be prescribed. (2)Regulations may provide for regulating the conduct of the Authority and other persons, including the procedure to be fallowed by them, in connection with the performance by the Authority of such of its functions as may be prescribed for the purposes of this subsection; and, without prejudice to the generality of the preceding provisions of this subsection, regulations made in pursuance of this subsection may include provision— (a)requiring or entitling the Authority, notwithstanding any rule of law, to withhold from any person (hereafter in this paragraph referred to as " the prospective recipient") information which is furnished to the Authority by another person in connection with any function so prescribed and which in the opinion of the Authority relates to the commercial or financial affairs of the other person and cannot be disclosed to the prospective recipient without disadvantage to the other person which, by comparison with the advantage to the public and the prospective recipient of its disclosure to him, is unwarranted; (b)for the imposition on summary conviction of a fine of an amount not exceeding £100 for any contravention of the regulations. (3)The [1971 c. 62..] Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1971 shall have effect as if— (a) the Authority were a tribunal specified in Part I of Schedule 1 to that Act (which lists .the tribunals of which among other things the workings and constitutions are to be kept under review and reported on by the Council on Tribunals) ; and (b)section 8 of that Act (under which certain consents are required for the removal of members of tribunals) did not apply to the Authority ; and (c)the functions of the Authority were confined to those prescribed for the purposes of the preceding subsection. Financial provisions 6General financial duties (1)It shall be the duty of the Authority so to conduct its affairs as to secure that its revenue (including any grant towards revenue made to it in pursuance of section 10(1) of this Act) is not less than sufficient to meet charges properly chargeable to revenue account, taking one year with another. (2)It shall be the duty of the Authority, in framing and carrying out proposals involving it in substantial outlay on capital account, to act on lines settled from time to time with the approval of the Secretary of State; and it shall also be the duty of the Authority to secure that any subsidiary of the Authority acts on those lines in framing and carrying out proposals involving the subsidiary in such an outlay. (3)The Secretary of State may, with the approval of the Treasury, give to the Authority a direction as to any matter relating to the establishment or management of reserves or the carrying of sums to the credit of any reserves or the application of any reserves for the purposes of the Authority. 7The initial debt (1)The Authority shall assume, in accordance with the following provisions of this section, debts to the Secretary of State (hereafter in this Act referred to collectively as the " initial debt") in respect of the property and rights transferred to the Authority by virtue of Schedule 2 to this Act. (2)The Secretary of State may, with the approval of the Treasury, give to the Authority a notice in writing specifying any property or right which is to be or has been transferred to the Authority by virtue of the said Schedule 2 and stating the amount of the debt which the Authority is to assume in respect of that property or right as from the date which in relation to it is the vesting date for the purposes of that Schedule, and the Authority shall accordingly assume as from that date a debt of the amount specified in the notice; and a notice given in pursuance of this subsection with respect to any property or right shall be so given either before or as soon as possible after the date aforesaid. (3)It shall be the duty of the Secretary of State, as soon as possible after the transfer of property, rights and liabilities in pursuance of the said Schedule 2 has been completed, to give to the Authority a notice in writing specifying the aggregate amount of the initial debt. (4)The aggregate amount of the initial debt shall not exceed £50 million. (5)If it appears to the Secretary of State that in determining the amount of any debt specified in a notice given in pursuance of subsection (2) of this section he has not taken account, or not properly taken account, of any property, right or liability by reference to which that amount should have been or was calculated, he may with the approval of the Treasury, at any time before the expiration of the period of two years beginning with the date on which notice was given in pursuance of subsection (3) of this section, give notice in writing to the Authority reducing or, subject to the preceding subsection, increasing the amount of the initial debt by an amount specified in the notice. (6)The rate of interest payable on the initial debt, the arrangements for paying off the principal and the other terms of the debt shall be such as the Secretary of State may from time to time determine with the approval of the Treasury. (7)Any sums received by the Secretary of State by way of interest on or repayment of the initial debt shall be paid into the National Loans Fund. (8)In relation to any period before notice is given in pursuance of subsection (3) of this section, references in subsections (6) and (7) of this section to the initial debt include references to any part of that debt. 8Borrowing powers (1)Subject to subsection (5) of this section, the Authority may, with the consent of or in accordance with a general authorisation given by the Secretary of State, borrow temporarily by overdraft or otherwise such sums in sterling as the Authority may require for performing its functions. (2)Subject to subsection (5) of this section, the Authority may borrow from the Secretary of State otherwise than by way of temporary loan such sums in sterling as the Authority may require for capital purposes or for fulfilling a guarantee entered into by the Authority. (3)Subject to subsection (5) of this section, the Authority may with the consent of the Secretary of State borrow in currency other than sterling, from such persons and on such terms as the Secretary of State may from time to time specify, any sum which the Authority has power to borrow in sterling in pursuance of subsection (1) or (2) of this section. (4)The Secretary of State shall not give consent or an authorisation or specify any person or terms in pursuance of the preceding provisions of this section except with the approval of the Treasury. (5)The aggregate amount outstanding in respect of the principal of any money borrowed by the Authority under this section and the initial debt shall not exceed £75 million. 9Charges (1)The Authority may, after consultation with the Secretary of State, make a scheme for determining the charges which are to be paid to the Authority in respect of the performance of such of its functions as are specified in the scheme ; and a scheme under this section may as respects any of those functions— (a)specify the amount of the charge or a scale of charges by reference to which that amount is to be ascertained or provide that the charges shall be of such amount, not exceeding that specified in the scheme, as may be decided by the Authority having regard to the expense incurred by the Authority in performing the function in question and to such other factors (if any) as may be so specified ; (b)provide for different charges for cases of such different descriptions as may be so specified ; (c)specify the manner in which, the time at which and the person by whom any charge is to be paid. (2)A scheme under this section shall come into force on such day as may be specified in the scheme, not being earlier than the expiration of the period of sixty days beginning with the day on which the scheme is published in the prescribed manner; and a scheme made under this section may vary or revoke a previous scheme so made. (3)Regulations may make provision for determining the charges which are to be paid to the Authority, or for securing that no charge is payable to the Authority, in respect of such of its functions as may be prescribed; and regulations for determining the said charges may— (a)prescribe the amount of a charge or the maximum or minimum amount of a charge or a scale of charges by reference to which those amounts are to be ascertained ; (b)prescribe the manner in which, the time at which and the person by whom a charge is to be paid. (4)In so far as a scheme and regulations under this section make different provision with respect to the same matter the provision made by the scheme shall be disregarded. (5)Where as respects any function of the Authority provision for a charge to be paid is made by virtue of this section it shall be the duty of the Authority to charge accordingly, except that the Authority may if it thinks fit to do so in a particular case waive the whole or part of the charge; and any charge payable by virtue of this section may be recovered by the Authority in any court of competent jurisdiction. (6)Nothing in the preceding provisions of this section shall be construed as derogating from the power of the Authority to enter into an agreement for the payment to the Authority of charges of such amounts as may be determined in pursuance of the agreement in respect of the performance by the Authority of any of its functions, other than a function in respect of which provision is made in pursuance of those provisions for the making of a charge or of no charge. (7)Charges shall not be determined in pursuance of this section, or by the Authority in exercise of the power mentioned in the preceding subsection, in respect of the provision of air navigation services ; and provision shall not be made by or under an Air Navigation Order for the payment of fees to the Authority. 10Grants and loans by Secretary of State (1)The Secretary of State may— (a)make to the Authority out of money provided by Parliament grants of such amounts as the Secretary of State thinks fit; (b)give the Authority a direction providing that the whole or part of a grant made in pursuance of the preceding paragraph is not to be used by the Authority otherwise than for the purposes of such of the Authority's functions as are specified in the direction. (2)The Secretary of State may, with the approval of the Treasury, lend to the Authority any sums which the Authority has power to borrow by virtue of section 8(2) of this Act. (3)Any loan which the Secretary of State makes in pursuance of the preceding subsection shall be repaid to him at such times and by such methods, and interest on the loan shall be paid to him at such rates and at such times, as the Secretary of State may with the approval of the Treasury from time to time determine. (4)The Treasury may issue out of the National Loans Fund to the Secretary of State such sums as are necessary to enable him to make loans in pursuance of subsection (2) of this section ; and any sums received by the Secretary of State in pursuance of the preceding subsection shall be paid into that Fund. 11Payments to Secretary of State (1)Any excess of the revenues of the Authority for any accounting year over the total sums properly chargeable by the Authority to revenue account for that year shall be applied by the Authority in such manner as the Secretary of State may direct with the approval of the Treasury and after consultation with the Authority; and the direction may require the whole or part of the excess to be paid to the Secretary of State. (2)The Secretary of State may, with the approval of the Treasury and after consultation with the Authority, direct the Authority to pay to the Secretary of State the whole or part of the sums for the time being standing to the credit of any reserves of the Authority. (3)Any sums received by the Secretary of State in pursuance of this section shall be paid into the Consolidated Fund. 12Guarantees (1)The Treasury may guarantee, in such manner and on such conditions as they think fit, the repayment of the principal of and the payment of interest on any sums which the Authority borrows from a person other than the Secretary of State. (2)Immediately after a guarantee is given under this section the Treasury shall lay a statement of the guarantee before each House of Parliament; and where any sum is issued for fulfilling a guarantee so given the Treasury shall, as soon as possible after the end of each financial year (beginning with that in which the sum is issued and ending with that in which all liability in respect of the principal of the sum and in respect of interest thereon is finally discharged), lay before each House of Parliament a statement relating to that sum. (3)Any sums required by the Treasury for fulfilling a guarantee under this section shall be charged on and issued out of the Consolidated Fund. (4)If any sums are issued in fulfilment of a guarantee given under this section, the Authority shall make to the Treasury, at such times and in such manner as the Treasury from time to time direct, payments of such amounts as the Treasury so direct in or towards repayment of the sums so issued and payments of interest, at such rate as the Treasury so direct, on what is outstanding for the time being in respect of sums so issued. (5)Any sums received by the Treasury in pursuance of the preceding subsection shall be paid into the Consolidated Fund. 13Accounts and audit (1)It shall be the duty of the Authority— (a)to keep proper accounts and proper records in relation to the accounts; (b)to prepare in respect of each accounting year a statement of accounts, in such form as the Secretary of State may direct with the approval of the Treasury, showing the state of affairs and the profit or loss of the Authority; and (c)to send copies of the statement to the Secretary of State and the Comptroller and Auditor General before the end of the month of November next following the accounting year to which the statement relates. (2)The Comptroller and Auditor General shall examine, certify and report on each statement received by him in pursuance of the preceding subsection and shall lay copies of the statement and of his report on it before each House of Parliament. (3)The Secretary of State may by order made with the consent of the Treasury modify or repeal paragraph (c) of subsection (1) of this section and the preceding subsection as for the time being in force. (4)It shall be the duty of the Secretary of State as respects each financial year— (a)to prepare, in such form and manner as the Treasury may direct, an account of sums issued to the Secretary of State in pursuance of subsection (4) of section 10 of this Act and of any sums required to be paid into the National Loans Fund in pursuance of that subsection or section 7 of this Act or into the Consolidated Fund in pursuance of section 11 of this Act and of the disposal by the Secretary of State of those sums respectively; and (b)to send a copy of the account to the Comptroller and Auditor General not later than the end of the month of November next following that year;and the Comptroller and Auditor General shall examine, certify and report on the account and shall lay copies of it and of his report on it before each House of Parliament. Transfer and use of property etc. 14Acquisition of land etc. (1)The provisions of Schedule 2 to this Act shall have effect with respect to the transfer to the Authority of the: aerodromes mentioned in that Schedule and the other property, rights and liabilities there mentioned. (2)The Authority may be authorised by the Secretary of State to acquire land compulsorily for any purpose connected with the performance of its functions, and the provisions of the [1946 c. 49..] Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 other than section 3 shall apply in relation to the compulsory purchase of land by the Authority as if the Authority were a local authority and as if this subsection were contained in an Act in force immediately before the commencement of that Act. (3)For the purpose of the acquisition by the Authority of land by agreement the provisions of Part I of the [1965 c. 56..] Compulsory Purchase Act 1965 (so far as applicable), other than sections 4 to 8, 27 and 31, shall apply. (4)The provisions of Part I of Schedule 3 to this Act shall have effect as respects the acquisition of land by the Authority. (5)The provisions of Part II of Schedule 3 to this Act shall have effect as respects the application of the following provisions of the [1949 c. 67..] Civil Aviation Act 1949— (a)section 24 (acquisition of rights over land); (b)section 25 (imposition of restrictions on use of aerodromes); (c)section 26 (control over land); and (d)section 28 (stopping up of highways). (6)The Authority's power of acquiring land compulsorily under this section or the following section may be exercised for the purpose of providing or improving any highway which is to be provided or improved in pursuance of an order under the said section 28 as applied by this section or for any other purpose for which land is required in connection with such an order ; and subsections (1) and (2) of section 158 of the [1962 c. 38..] Town and Country Planning Act 1962 (which relate to telegraphic lines of the Post Office affected by the stopping up, diversion or improvement of a highway in pursuance of an order under section 153 of that Act) shall have effect as if references to an order under section 153 of that Act included references to an order under the said section 28 as applied by this section. (7)Section 82 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1962 (consecrated land and burial grounds) shall have effect in relation to any land acquired by the Authority as it has effect in relation to land acquired by statutory undertakers under Part V of that Act. (8)Any land vested in the Authority by virtue of this section or the following section shall be deemed for all purposes to have been acquired by the Authority for the purposes of its undertaking. (9)In the application of this section to Scotland— (a)in subsection (2), for the references to the [1946 c. 49..] Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 and to section 3 of that Act there shall be substituted respectively references to the [1947 c. 42..] Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) (Scotland) Act 1947 and to section 3 of that Act; (b)in subsection (3), for the references to Part I of the [1965 c. 56..] Compulsory Purchase Act 1965 and to sections 4 to 8, 27 and 31 of that Act there shall be substituted respectively references to the [1845 c. 19..] Lands Clauses Consolidation (Scotland) Act 1845 and to sections 120 to 125, 127, 142 and 143 of that Act; (c)in subsection (6), the reference to a highway shall include a reference to any public right of way, and for the references to subsections (1) and (2) of section 158 of the [1962 c. 38..] Town and Country Planning Act 1962 and to section 153 of that Act there shall be substituted respectively references to subsections (2) and (3) of section 111 of the [1947 c. 53..] Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1947 and to section 46 of that Act; (d)in subsection (7), for the references to section 82 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1962 and to Part V of that Act there shall be substituted respectively references to section 27 of the [1945 c. 33..] Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1945 and to Part III of the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1947 ;and in the application of subsection (6) of this section to Northern Ireland for the references to subsections (1) and (2) of section 158 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1962 and to section 153 of that Act there shall be substituted respectively references to subsection (2) of section 41 of the [1948 c. 28 (N.I.)..] Roads Act (Northern Ireland) 1948 and to section 17 of that Act. 15Compulsory purchase of land in Northern Ireland (1)Where the Authority proposes to acquire, otherwise than by agreement, any land in Northern Ireland required by it for any purpose connected with the performance of its functions or as to which it can reasonably be foreseen that it will be so required, it may apply to the Secretary of State for an order vesting that land in it, and the Secretary of State shall have power to make such an order. (2)For the purposes of the acquisition of land by means of a vesting order under this section, Schedules 5 and 6 to the Roads Act (Northern Ireland) 1948 (as amended by any enactment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland passed before the passing of this Act) are hereby incorporated in this Act subject to the modifications specified in Schedule 4 to this Act. (3)The [1919 c. 57..] Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act 1919 shall, in its application to any land vested in the Authority by an order made under this section, have effect as amended by the [1964 c. 29 (N.I.)..] Lands Tribunal and Compensation Act (Northern Ireland) 1964. (4)In this section, Schedule 4 to this Act and the said Schedule 5 as incorporated in this Act, " land " has the meaning assigned to it by section 45(1) (a) of the [1954 c. 33 (N.I.)..] Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954, and in Schedule 4 to this Act and the said Schedule 5 as so incorporated " estate " has the meaning assigned to it by section 45(2) of that Act. (5)Subsections (2) and (3) of the preceding section shall not apply to land in Northern Ireland. 16Rights granted to the Authority over land to bind grantor's successors (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, where any person having an interest in land (hereafter in this subsection referred to as " the grantor ") grants or agrees to grant to the Authority any right (whether in perpetuity or for any other period and whether capable of subsisting as a legal estate or not) in or in relation to the land (including a right to enter upon the land, a right to carry out and maintain works on the land, a right to instal or maintain structures or apparatus on, under, over or across the land, and a right restrictive of the user of the land), the grant or agreement shall be binding upon any person deriving title or otherwise claiming under the grantor to the same extent as it is binding upon the grantor, notwithstanding that it would not have been binding upon that person apart from the provisions of this subsection. (2)A right in or in relation to land in England or Wales granted or agreed to be granted to the Authority shall not be enforceable by virtue of the preceding subsection against a purchaser for money or money's worth of a legal estate in any land to which the grant or agreement in question relates unless before the completion of the purchase the grant or agreement has been registered in the prescribed manner in the register of local land charges of the local authority in whose area the land, or any part of the land, to which the grant or agreement relates is situated. (3)The power conferred by subsection (6) of section 15 of the [1925 c. 22..] Land Charges Act 1925 to make rules for giving effect to the provisions of that section shall be exercisable for giving effect to the preceding subsection; and in that subsection " prescribed " means prescribed by rules made in the exercise of that power. (4)In subsection (2) of this section " local authority " means the council of a county district, county borough or London borough and the Common Council of the City of London, and " purchaser " has the same meaning as in the said Act of 1925. (5)A grant or agreement made as respects land in Scotland shall not be enforceable by virtue of subsection (1) of this section against a third party who shall have in good faith and for value acquired right (whether completed by infeftment or not) to the land prior to the grant or agreement being recorded in the Register of Sasines, or against any person deriving title from such third party; and in the application of the said subsection (1) to Scotland for the reference to a legal estate there shall be substituted a reference to an estate. (6)A right in or in relation to land in Northern Ireland granted or agreed to be granted to the Authority shall not be enforceable by virtue of subsection (1) of this section against a purchaser for money or money's worth of any estate or interest in the land to which the grant or agreement in question relates unless before the completion of the purchase the grant or agreement is registered in the Statutory Charges Register pursuant to Part X of the [1970 c. 18 (N.I.)..] Land Registration Act (Northern Ireland) 1970; and accordingly— (a)such a grant or agreement shall be included among the matters which are required to be registered in that Register ; and (b)the following paragraph shall be added at the end of Schedule 11 to the said Act of 1970, that is to say— “(24)A grant or agreement referred to in section 16(6) of the Civil Aviation Act 1971”. 17Compensation in respect of planning decisions relating to safety of aerodromes etc. (1)Where a local planning authority (hereafter in this subsection referred to as a " planning authority ") become liable to pay compensation under section 118, 119, 123, 134(2) or 170(1) of the [1962 c. 38..] Town and Country Planning Act 1962 or sections 18 or 20 of or paragraph 1 of Schedule 5 to the [1947 c. 53..] Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1947 (which relate to compensation for certain planning restrictions, for purchase notices which do not take effect and in respect of undertakers' operational land) and the liability is attributable to a planning decision which would not have been taken, or in the case of compensation under the said section 118 or the said section 20 to an order under section 27 of the said Act of 1962 or section 19 of the said Act of 1947 which would not have been made, but for the need to secure the safe and efficient operation of an aerodrome owned by the Authority or to prevent persons or buildings from being struck by aircraft using such an aerodrome or the need to secure the safe and efficient operation of apparatus owned by the Authority and provided for the purpose of assisting air traffic control or as an aid to air navigation, the planning authority shall be entitled to recover from the Authority a sum equal to the compensation. (2)Where a sum equal to any compensation is payable or paid to a planning authority in pursuance of the preceding subsection, the planning authority shall pay to the Authority any amount received by the planning authority in respect of the compensation under section 122 of the said Act of 1962 or section 43 of the [1954 c. 73..] Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1954 (which relate to the recovery of compensation on subsequent development). (3)Where a purchase notice is served under section 129 of the said Act of 1962 or section 17 of the said Act of 1947 in respect of a planning decision which would not have been taken but for such a need as aforesaid in respect of an aerodrome or apparatus owned by the Authority, any local authority who are deemed under section 130(2) or 133(1) of the said Act of 1962 or subsection (1B) or (2) of the said section 17 to have served a notice to treat in respect of the interest to which the purchase notice relates may, by notice in writing given to the Authority not later than one month from the time when the amount of compensation payable by the local authority for the interest is agreed or determined, require the Authority to purchase the interest from the local authority for a sum equal to the amount of compensation so agreed or determined; and where such a notice in writing is given the Authority shall, subject to any agreement between the local authority and the Authority, be deemed to have contracted with the local authority to purchase the interest at that price. (4)Any dispute as to whether a planning decision would not have been taken or an order under the said section 27 or the said section 19 would not have been made but for such a need as aforesaid shall be referred to and determined by the Secretary of State. (5)In the preceding provisions of this section " planning decision " means a decision made on an application under Part III of the said Act of 1962 or Part II of the said Act of 1947; and references in those provisions to a local planning authority include, in relation to England and Wales, references to any authority to whom functions of a local planning authority are delegated. (6)Where by reason of a planning decision taken under the Planning Acts (Northern Ireland) 1931 and 1944 by a planning authority in Northern Ireland— (a)the Ministry of Development for Northern Ireland becomes liable to pay compensation to any person ; and (b)the decision would not have been taken but for the need to secure the safe and efficient operation of apparatus owned by the Authority and provided for the purpose of assisting air traffic control or as an aid to air navigation,the said Ministry shall be entitled to recover from the Authority a sum equal to that compensation ; and where a sum equal to any compensation is payable or paid to the said Ministry in pursuance of the preceding provisions of this subsection, the Ministry shall pay to the Authority any amount received by the Ministry in respect of the compensation under section 24 of the [1965 c. 23 (N.I.)..] Land Development Values (Compensation) Act (Northern Ireland) 1965 (which relates to the recovery of compensation on subsequent development). In this subsection " planning decision " includes a revocation or modification of planning permission under section 3 of the [1944 c. 3 (N.I.)..] Planning (Interim Development) Act (Northern Ireland) 1944. Supplemental 18Application of enactments relating to statutory undertakers etc. (1)The provisions of Schedule 5 to this Act shall have effect as respects the application of the enactments mentioned in that Schedule (which relate to statutory undertakers, statutory undertakings and related matters). (2)For the purposes of the law relating to rating the undertaking of the Authority shall be treated as not being a public utility undertaking. 19Supplementary provisions with respect to the functions of the Authority (1)The Authority— (a)shall, without prejudice to its powers apart from this paragraph but subject to the following paragraph, have power to do anything which is calculated to facilitate, or is conducive or incidental to, the performance of any of the Authority's functions (including a function conferred on the Authority by virtue of this paragraph); but (b)shall not without the consent in writing of the Secretary of State promote the formation of, acquire or acquire a financial interest in a body corporate or lend money to or enter into a guarantee for tke benefit of a body corporate;and it is hereby declared that the Authority has power to do elsewhere than in the United Kingdom such things as it considers appropriate for the purpose of performing any of its functions. (2)Notwithstanding anything in section 1(4) of this Act, the Authority shall act on behalf of the Crown— (a)in performing any function which the Authority is authorised by an Air Navigation Order to perform and which in pursuance of, or of an Annex to, or of an amendment for the time being in force of, the Chicago Convention mentioned in section 8 of the [1949 c. 67..] Civil Aviation Act 1949 falls to be performed on behalf of the Crown; and (b)in performing such of its other functions as Her Majesty may by Order in Council require it to perform on behalf of the Crown as being functions appearing to Her to relate to the exercise of powers or the discharge of obligations of the United Kingdom under an international agreement;and an Order in Council made for the purposes of this subsection may be revoked or varied by a subsequent Order so made. (3)It shall be the duty of the Authority to comply with any direction given to it by the Secretary of State in pursuance of any provision of this Act. (4)Provision may be made by regulations as to the mode of giving evidence of— (a)any instrument made by the Authority ; and (b)the publication by the Authority of any matter. 20Annual report (1)It shall be the duty of the Authority to make to the Secretary of State, as soon as possible after the end of each accounting year, a report on the performance of its functions during that year. (2)The report for any accounting year— (a)shall set out any direction given to the Authority in pursuance of section 4 or section 24(2) or section 28(2) of this Act during that year except a direction or part of a direction in pursuance of section 4 or 28(2) as to which the Secretary of State has notified the Authority that in his opinion it is against the national interest to set it out in the report; (b)shall include particulars of any case in which during that year the Authority has decided not to proceed in accordance with advice given to it in pursuance of section 27(3)(a)(i) of this Act; and (c)shall include such information as the Secretary of State may from time to time specify with respect to the plans and the past and present activities of the Authority and the financial position of the Authority. (3)The Secretary of State shall lay before each House of Parliament a copy of every report made to him in pursuance of this section. PART II Regulation of Civil Aviation Regulation of carriage by air for reward 21Restriction of unlicensed carriage by air for reward (1)No aircraft shall be used for the carriage for reward of passengers or cargo on a flight to which this subsection applies unless— (a)the operator of the aircraft holds a licence granted to him by the Authority in pursuance of the following section (hereafter in this Act referred to as an " air transport licence ") authorising him to operate aircraft on such flights as the flight in question ; and (b)the terms of the licence are complied with so far as they relate to that flight and fall to be complied with before or during the flight. (2)The preceding subsection applies to any flight in any part of the world by an aircraft registered in the United Kingdom and to any flight beginning or ending in the United Kingdom by an aircraft registered in a relevant overseas territory or an associated state, except that it does not apply to— (a)a flight of a description specified in an instrument made by the Authority for the purposes of this paragraph and in force in accordance with the following subsection; (b)a particular flight or series of flights specified in an instrument made by the Authority for the purposes of this paragraph; (c)a flight by an aircraft of which the Authority is the operator. (3)An instrument made in pursuance of paragraph (a) of the preceding subsection shall not come into force until it is published in the prescribed manner, and it shall be the duty of the Authority forthwith after making an instrument in pursuance of paragraph (b) of that subsection to publish the instrument in the prescribed manner ; and an instrument made in pursuance of paragraph (a) or (b) of that subsection may be revoked or varied by a subsequent instrument made in pursuance of that paragraph. (4)Where an aircraft is used for the carriage of passengers or cargo in pursuance of an arrangement made between a member of an incorporated or unincorporated body of persons and that body or another member of it, then, if by reason of relationships arising from membership of the body the carriage is not apart from this subsection carriage for reward, it shall be treated for the purposes of this section as carriage for reward. (5)Where an aircraft is used on a flight in contravention of subsection (1) of this section or, after an aircraft has been used in pursuance of an air transport licence on a flight to which that subsection applies, any term of the licence relating to the flight and falling to be complied with at or after the end of the flight by the operator of the aircraft or by another person who made available such accommodation as is mentioned in paragraph (b) of this subsection is contravened, then— (a)if before the flight began the operator of the aircraft knew or had reasonable cause to suspect that the use of the aircraft on that flight was likely to be in contravention of that subsection or, as the case may be, that the term in question was likely to be contravened, he shall be guilty of an offence under this subsection; and (b)if any other person, either by negotiating a contract or otherwise howsoever, made available accommodation for the carriage of passengers or cargo on the aircraft on the flight knowing or having reasonable cause to suspect before the flight began that the accommodation was likely to be provided on an aircraft when used on a flight in contravention of the said subsection (1) or, as the case may be, that such a term as the term in question was likely to be contravened, that person shall be guilty of an offence under this subsection ;but a person shall not (except in pursuance of section 62(3) of this Act or the law relating to persons who aid, abet, counsel or procure the commission of offences) be guilty of an offence by virtue of paragraph (b) of this subsection in consequence of the contravention by another person of a term of a licence. (6)For the purpose of determining in pursuance of the preceding subsection whether an offence relating to a flight has been committed by the operator of the aircraft used on the flight it is immaterial that the relevant contravention mentioned in that subsection occurred outside the United Kingdom if when it occurred the operator was a United Kingdom national or was a body incorporated under the law of any part of the United Kingdom or the law of a relevant overseas territory or an associated state or was a person (other than a United Kingdom national or such a body) maintaining a place of business in the United Kingdom; and for the purpose of determining in pursuance of that subsection whether an offence relating to a flight has been committed by a person who made available such accommodation as is mentioned in that subsection it is immaterial that the relevant contravention there mentioned occurred outside the United Kingdom and that at any relevant time that person was not a United Kingdom national or such a body as aforesaid if any part of the negotiations resulting in the making available of the accommodation in question took place, whether by means of the post or otherwise, in the United Kingdom. (7)Where the Authority has reason to believe that an aircraft is intended to be used in contravention of subsection (1) of this section on a particular flight beginning in the United Kingdom or that any term of an air transport licence relating to such a flight and falling to be complied with at or after the end of the flight may not be complied with, the Authority may— (a)give to the person appearing to it to be in command of the aircraft a direction that he shall not permit the aircraft to take off until the Authority has informed him that the direction is cancelled ; (b)whether or not it has given such a direction, detain the aircraft until the Authority is satisfied that the aircraft will not be used on the flight in contravention of the said subsection (1) or, as the case may be, that the term aforesaid will be complied with;and a person who fails to comply with a direction given to him in pursuance of this subsection shall be guilty of an offence under this subsection. (8)A person guilty of an offence under subsection (5) or (7) of this section shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine of an amount not exceeding £400 or on conviction on indictment to a fine or imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or both. 22Grant and refusal of air transport licences (1)An application for the grant of an air transport licence must be made in writing to the Authority and contain such particulars with respect to such matters as the Authority may specify in a notice published in the prescribed manner; and where an application is made for the grant of a licence the Authority shall either grant a licence to the applicant in the terms requested in the application or in those terms with such modifications as the Authority thinks fit or refuse to grant a licence. (2)The Authority shall refuse to grant a licence in pursuance of an application if the Authority is not satisfied that— (a)the applicant is, having regard to— (i)his and his employees' experience in the field of aviation and his and their past activities generally, and (ii)where the applicant is a body corporate, the experience in the field of aviation and the past activities generally of the persons appearing to the Authority to control that body,a fit person to operate aircraft under the authority of the licence which, apart from this subsection, the Authority considers should be granted to him in pursuance of the application ; or (b)the resources of the applicant and the financial arrangements made by him are adequate for discharging his actual and potential obligations in respect of the business activities in which he is engaged (if any) and in which he may be expected to engage if he is granted the licence which, apart from this subsection, the Authority considers should be granted to him in pursuance of the application. (3)If the Authority is not satisfied that an applicant for a licence is— (a)a United Kingdom national; or (b)a body which is incorporated under the law of any part of the United Kingdom or the law of a relevant overseas territory or an associated state and is controlled by United Kingdom nationals,it shall refuse to grant a licence in pursuance of his application unless the Secretary of State consents to the grant of the licence ; and where the Authority proposes to refuse to grant a licence by reason only of the preceding provisions of this subsection it shall be the duty of the Authority to give the Secretary of State notice of the proposal and to postpone its decision on the application until the Secretary of State's consent is given or refused. (4)Nothing in the provisions of subsections (2) and (3) of this section shall be construed as prejudicing the Authority's power in its discretion to refuse a licence otherwise than in pursuance of any of those provisions. (5)A licence may contain such terms as the Authority thinks fit; and (without prejudice to the generality of the Authority's power to decide those terms) the terms may— (a)be or include terms settled by a person other than the Authority and include provision for any of the terms to have effect with such modifications as the Authority or another person may from time to time determine; and (b)include terms as to the charges which are to be made and the goods, services and other benefits which are and are not to be furnished by any person whatsoever under or in connection with any contract which includes provision for the making available of accommodation on flights to which the licence relates. (6)If the holder of a current licence applies for the grant of another licence in continuation of or in substitution for the current licence and does so not later than such time before the expiration of the term of the current licence as the Authority may specify in a notice published in the prescribed manner, then, unless the application is withdrawn and without prejudice to the Authority's power to revoke, suspend or vary the current licence, the current licence shall not cease to be in force by reason only of the expiration of that term— (a)until the Authority gives its decision on the application; (b)if in pursuance of the application the Authority decides to refuse a licence or to grant a licence otherwise than in the terms requested in the application, until the expiration of the time during which an appeal to the Secretary of State against the decision may be brought in pursuance of regulations made by virtue of section 24(6) of this Act and, if such an appeal is brought, until the appeal is determined or abandoned; (c)if such an appeal against a decision to refuse a licence or to grant one otherwise than in the terms aforesaid is successful, until the date when the licence granted in consequence of the appeal comes into force. (7)A notice published in pursuance of subsection (1) or subsection (6) of this section may be altered or cancelled by subsequent notice published in pursuance of that subsection. 23Revocation, suspension and variation of air transport licences (1)An application for the revocation, suspension or variation of an air transport licence may be made to the Authority at any time by a person of a prescribed description. (2)The Authority may at any time revoke, suspend or vary a licence if the Authority considers it appropriate to do so, whether or not an application with respect to the licence has been made in pursuance of the preceding subsection. (3)It shall be the duty of the Authority to revoke or suspend or vary a licence (whichever the Authority thinks appropriate in the circumstances) if the Authority is not or is no longer satisfied— (a)that the holder of the licence is, having regard to— (i)his and his employees' experience in the field of aviation and his and their past activities generally, and (ii)where the holder of the licence is a body corporate, the experience in the field of aviation and the past activities generally of the persons appearing to the Authority to control that body,a fit person to operate aircraft under the authority of the licence; or (b)that the resources of the holder of the licence and the financial arrangements made by him are adequate for discharging his actual and potential obligations in respect of the business activities in which he is engaged ;and if the Authority has reason to believe that the holder of a licence is neither a United Kingdom national nor such a body as is mentioned in paragraph (b) of subsection (3) of the preceding section it shall be the duty of the Authority to inform the Secretary of State accordingly and, if he so directs, to revoke the licence. (4)The provisions of subsections (2) and (3) of this section conferring on the Authority power to suspend a licence shall be construed as conferring on the Authority power to provide, by a notice in writing served in the prescribed manner on the holder of the licence, that subject to the following subsection the licence shall not be effective during a period specified in the notice; and while a licence is ineffective by virtue of such a notice the Authority may, by a further notice in writing served in the prescribed manner on the holder of the licence, provide that the licence shall be effective on and after a date specified in the further notice, but the further notice shall not prejudice the Authority's powers to suspend the licence again or to revoke or vary it. (5)If a licence is revoked, suspended or varied by the Authority otherwise than on the application of the holder of the licence and otherwise than in consequence of a direction given in pursuance of subsection (3) of this section, the revocation, suspension or variation shall not take effect before the expiration of the period prescribed in pursuance of subsection (6) of the following section for the bringing of an appeal against the Authority's decision nor, if such an appeal is brought during that period, before the determination or abandonment of the appeal. 24Supplementary provisions relating to air transport licensing (1)Regulations may make provision as to the circumstances in which an air transport licence shall or may be transferred or treated as if granted to a person other than the person to whom it was granted. (2)If the Secretary of State considers that it may be expedient for him to give guidance or different guidance to the Authority in pursuance of section 3(2) of this Act and that until he has decided whether to do so the Authority ought not to perform one or more of the functions conferred on it by section 22 or 23 of this Act, he may give the Authority a direction requiring that in any case or class of case specified in the direction the Authority shall not perform any of those functions which is so specified until the Secretary of State cancels the direction; and if the Authority considers that it may be expedient for the Secretary of State to give such guidance or different guidance and that until he has decided whether to do so the Authority ought not to perform one or more of the functions aforesaid, the Authority may request the Secretary of State to consider whether to give such guidance or different guidance and may postpone the performance of the function in question in any case or class of case until such time as the Secretary of State may determine. (3)Where the Authority takes a decision to grant, refuse to grant, vary, suspend or revoke a licence it shall be the duty of the Authority, subject to the following subsection, to furnish a statement of its reasons for the decision to the applicant for the licence or, as the case may be, to the holder or former holder of it and to any other person who in accordance with regulations has entered an objection in the case or requested such a statement, so however that no statement of reasons need be furnished in pursuance of this subsection in a case in which no such objection has been entered and no such request has been made and the decision is taken in pursuance of, and is in the terms requested in, an application for the grant of a licence or an application by the holder of a licence for the variation, suspension or revocation of it. (4)If the Authority has reason to believe that the furnishing of a statement of reasons in pursuance of the preceding subsection might be contrary to the interests of national security or might affect adversely the relations of the United Kingdom with any other country or territory, it shall be the duty of the Authority to give notice of the case to the Secretary of State and, if he so directs, to refrain from furnishing the statement in question or to exclude from the statement such matter as is specified in the direction; and the Authority may refrain from furnishing a statement of reasons in pursuance of the preceding subsection to a person who is an applicant for or holder or former holder of a licence or has in accordance with regulations entered an objection in the case or requested such a statement (hereafter in this subsection referred to as a " relevant person ") or may exclude matter from a statement furnished in pursuance of that subsection to a relevant person if the Authority considers it necessary to do so for the purpose of withholding from the relevant person information which in the opinion of the Authority relates to the commercial or financial affairs of another person and cannot be disclosed to the relevant person without disadvantage to the other person which, by comparison with the advantage to the public and the relevant person of its disclosure to him, is unwarranted. (5)The Authority may publish in such manner as it thinks fit particulars of, and of its reasons for, any decision taken by it with respect to a licence or an application for a licence. (6)The Secretary of State shall make regulations— (a)conferring on persons of prescribed descriptions a right to appeal to the Secretary of State from any decision of the Authority with respect to or to an application for a licence; (b)authorising the Secretary of State on such an appeal to direct the Authority to reverse or vary the decision in question and in consequence to do or refrain from doing such other things as may be specified in the direction; and (c)containing such provisions as the Secretary of State thinks fit with respect to such an appeal, which (without prejudice to the generality of the preceding provisions of this paragraph) may include provisions as to— (i)the time within which an appeal must be brought, (ii)the persons in addition to the appellant who are to be parties to an appeal, and (iii)the liability of any of the parties in respect of costs or expenses incurred in connection with an appeal;and the Secretary of State shall, when considering whether to give a direction in pursuance of regulations made by virtue of paragraph (b) of this subsection and when considering the terms of any such direction, have regard in particular to the duties imposed on the Authority by section 3 of this Act. (7)A person who, for the purpose of obtaining for himself or another person either a licence or a variation of a licence or the cancellation of the suspension of a licence, knowingly or recklessly furnishes to the Authority or the Secretary of State any information which is false in a material particular shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine of an amount not exceeding £400 and on conviction on indictment to a fine or imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or both. 25Transitional provisions as to air service licences (1)An air service licence in force immediately before the appointed day shall be deemed on and after that day to be an air transport licence and may be revoked, suspended or varied accordingly. (2)Any application for an air service licence (except such an application as is mentioned in the following subsection) and any appeal to the Secretary of State from a decision in respect of such a licence shall, if it is pending immediately before the appointed day, abate on that day; and where by virtue of this subsection an application abates or an appeal against a refusal to grant an air service licence abates, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of State to pay out of money provided by Parliament, to the person who was the applicant for the licence in question, a sum equal to the fees paid by that person to the Air Transport Licensing Board in respect of the application. (3)An application for an air service licence which is pending immediately before the appointed day and as to which no proceedings by way of an oral hearing before the said Board have taken place before that day shall be deemed to be an application for an air transport licence duly made to the Authority on that day; and the Secretary of State may give directions to the Authority containing such supplemental and such further transitional provisions as he considers appropriate for the purposes of this subsection. (4)In this section— “ air service licence” means a licence under section 2 of the [1960 c. 38..] Civil Aviation (Licensing) Act 1960; and “ the appointed day ” means such day as the Secretary of State may by order appoint for the purposes of this section. Regulation of provision of accommodation in aircraft 26Regulation of provision of accommodation in aircraft (1)Provision may be made by regulations for securing that a person does not in the United Kingdom— (a)make available, as a principal or an agent, accommodation for the carriage of persons or cargo on flights in any part of the world ; or (b)hold himself out as a person who, either as a principal or an agent or without disclosing his capacity, may make such accommodation available,unless he is the operator of the relevant aircraft or holds and complies with the terms of a licence issued in pursuance of the regulations or is exempted by or under the regulations from the need to hold such a licence. (2)Regulations made for the purposes of the preceding subsection may contain such provisions as the Secretary of State, after consultation with the Authority, considers appropriate for those purposes and may, without prejudice to the generality of the preceding provisions of this subsection, include provision— (a)as to the circumstances in which licences shall or shall not be issued in pursuance of the regulations; (b)as to the terms of licences, which may include terms as to the minimum charges which are to be made and the goods, services and other benefits which are or are not to be furnished by any person whatsoever under or in connection with any contract which includes provision for the making available of accommodation on flights to which the licences in question relate ; (c)for the variation, suspension and revocation of licences ; (d)for appeals against refusals, variations, suspensions or revocations of licences to lie to a prescribed body or person (which may be a court, a Minister of the Crown, a body or person constituted or appointed by or under the regulations or such other body or person as the Secretary of State thinks fit) and for applying the provisions of any enactment, with or without modifications, in relation to such appeals ; (e)for imposing penalties for contraventions of the regulations not exceeding in the case of each contravention a fine of £400 on summary conviction and a fine and imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years on conviction on indictment; (f)for repealing, either wholly or in relation to prescribed cases, so much of subsection (5) of section 21 of this Act as begins with the word " and " at the end of paragraph (a) and in subsection (6) of that section the words from " and for the purpose " onwards ;and section 38(2) of the [1889 c. 63..] Interpretation Act 1889 (which relates to the effect of repeals) shall apply to a repeal made by virtue of paragraph (f) of this subsection as if it were made by an Act passed after this Act. Regulation of safety and navigation of aircraft and of noise from aircraft 27Design, construction and maintenance of aircraft (1)Section 7 of the [1949 c. 67..] Civil Aviation Act 1949 (which among other things provides for the delegation by the Secretary of State of his functions with respect to the design, construction and maintenance of aircraft) shall cease to have effect. (2)It shall be the duty of the Authority to consult the board established in pursuance of the following provisions of this section on all matters appearing to the Authority to be of significance as respects the standards of design, construction and maintenance by reference to which certificates of airworthiness for aircraft are to be granted or renewed in pursuance of Air Navigation Orders and to consult the said board as to whether an aircraft of a new type satisfies the standards of design and construction required for the issue of such a certificate for the aircraft; and— (a)any question whether a matter is one on which consultations are required by virtue of this subsection shall be decided by the Authority; (b)it shall be the duty of the Authority to consider all advice given to it by the said board in pursuance of this section; (c)if the Authority decides not to proceed in accordance with any advice given to the Authority by the said board it shall be the duty of the Authority to inform the board in writing of its reasons for the decision and, if the advice was given in consequence of consultations required by virtue of this subsection, to publish particulars of the case forthwith in the prescribed manner. (3)There shall be a body of persons, to be known as the Airworthiness Requirements Board (and hereafter in this section referred to as " the board "), of which the functions shall be— (a)to give advice to the Authority on— (i)all matters on which the Authority consults the board in pursuance of the preceding subsection, and (ii)any other matters which appear to the board to relate to the standards mentioned in the preceding subsection and on which the board considers it appropriate to give advice to the Authority; (b)to consult such persons as the board considers appropriate for the purpose of giving such advice as aforesaid. (4)The board shall consist of not less than twelve nor more than twenty persons appointed by the Authority of whom— (a)four shall be appointed on the nomination of any body or persons appearing to the Authority to be representative— (i)as to one of the four, of manufacturers of aircraft, (ii)as to another of them, of operators of aircraft, (iii)as to another of them, of insurers of aircraft, (iv)as to the other of them, of pilots of aircraft; (b)more than half the persons for the time being so appointed shall be representative members (and in this paragraph " representative member" means a person appointed to be a member of the board on the nomination of any body or persons appearing to the Authority to be representative of manufacturers or operators or insurers or pilots of aircraft); and (c)the remainder may include one or more members of the Authority;and the Authority shall designate as the chairman of the board a member of it nominated by the board. (5)The provisions of Schedule 6 to this Act shall have effect with respect to the board. 28Air navigation services (1)It shall be the duty of the Authority to provide air navigation services— (a)in the United Kingdom ; and (b)for any area outside the United Kingdom for which the United Kingdom has, in pursuance of international arrangements, undertaken to provide air navigation services,to the extent to which it appears to the Authority that such services are necessary and are not being provided by the Authority (either alone or jointly with another person) or by some other person. (2)It shall be the duty of the Authority to join with the Secretary of State, in such manner as may be specified in directions given to the Authority by the Secretary of State,— (a)in providing such air navigation services in respect of such areas (whether in the United Kingdom or elsewhere) as may be specified in the directions; and (b)in defraying the cost of providing the services so specified ; and (c)without prejudice to the generality of the preceding paragraph, in discharging any liability to a third party which is incurred by the Authority and the Secretary of State or either of them in providing the services so specified. (3)Without prejudice to any right of action in respect of an act or omission which takes place in the course of providing air navigation services in pursuance of this section, no action shall lie in respect of a failure by the Authority to perform the duty imposed on it by subsection (1) or subsection (2) of this section. 29Regulation of noise and vibration from aircraft (1)The Secretary of State may by a notice published in the prescribed manner provide that it shall be the duty of the person who is the operator of an aircraft which is to take off or land at a designated aerodrome to secure that, after the aircraft takes off or as the case may be before it lands at the aerodrome, such requirements as are specified in the notice are complied with in relation to the aircraft, being requirements appearing to the Secretary of State to be appropriate for the purpose of limiting, or of mitigating the effect of, noise and vibration connected with the taking off or landing of aircraft at the aerodrome. (2)If it appears to the Secretary of State that any requirement specified in relation to a designated aerodrome in a notice published in pursuance of the preceding subsection has not been complied with as respects any aircraft he may, after affording to the person who at the relevant time was the operator of the aircraft an opportunity of making representations to the Secretary of State with respect to the matter and after considering any representations then made by him, give to the person managing the aerodrome a direction requiring him to secure that, until the Secretary of State revokes the direction, facilities for using the aerodrome are withheld to the extent specified in the direction from aircraft of which the person aforesaid is the operator and from his servants ; and it shall be the duty of the person for the time being managing the aerodrome to comply with the direction. (3)If the Secretary of State considers it appropriate for the purpose of limiting, or of mitigating the effect of, noise and vibration connected with the taking off or landing of aircraft at a designated aerodrome to limit the number of occasions on which aircraft may take off or land at the aerodrome during certain periods, he may by a notice published in the prescribed manner— (a)specify the maximum number of occasions on which aircraft of descriptions specified in the notice may (otherwise than in an emergency of a description so specified) be permitted to take off or land respectively at the aerodrome during such periods as are so specified; (b)determine the persons who shall be entitled to arrange for aircraft of which they are the operators to take off or land at the aerodrome during the periods so specified and, as respects each of those persons, the number of occasions on which aircraft of a particular description of which he is the operator may take off or land at the aerodrome during those periods ;and subject to paragraphs (d) and (e) of the following subsection it shall be the duty of the person for the time being managing the aerodrome to secure that the limitations relating to the aerodrome which are imposed by the notice are complied with. (4)The following supplementary provisions shall have effect for the purposes of the preceding subsection, that is to say— (a)it shall be the duty of the Secretary of State, before he makes a determination in respect of an aerodrome in pursuance of paragraph (b) of the preceding subsection, to consult any body appearing to him to be representative of operators of aircraft using the aerodrome; (b)a notice under the preceding subsection may make, in relation to a designated aerodrome, provision as respects any period notwithstanding that the period is included in, or that there is included in the period, any other period as respects which provision relating to the aerodrome is made by the notice or by another notice under that subsection ; (c)if it appears to the Secretary of State that an aircraft is about to take off in contravention of limitations imposed in pursuance of the preceding subsection, then, without prejudice to the powers exercisable by virtue of that subsection by the person managing the relevant aerodrome, any person authorised by the Secretary of State in that behalf may detain the aircraft for such period as that person considers appropriate for preventing the contravention and may for the purpose of detaining the aircraft enter upon any land; (d)nothing in the preceding subsection requires a person managing an aerodrome to prevent an aircraft from landing at the aerodrome ; and (e)the Secretary of State may, by a notice in writing served in the prescribed manner on the person managing an aerodrome to which a notice under the preceding subsection relates, determine that a particular occasion on which an aircraft takes off or lands at the aerodrome shall be disregarded for the purposes of the notice under that subsection. (5)The Secretary of State may give to the person managing a designated aerodrome such directions as the Secretary of State considers appropriate for the purpose of limiting, or of mitigating the effect of, noise and vibration connected with the taking off or landing of aircraft at the aerodrome; and it shall be the duty of the person for the time being managing the aerodrome to comply with the directions. (6)The duties imposed by subsections (1) to (3) and (5) of this section in relation to aerodromes in Scotland shall be enforceable by order of the Court of Session on an application by or on behalf of the Secretary of State under section 91 of the [1868 c. 100..] Court of Session Act 1868. (7)The Secretary of State may, after consultation with the person managing a designated aerodrome, by order require him at his own expense— (a)to provide in an area and within a period specified in the order, and to maintain and operate in accordance with any instructions so specified, such equipment for measuring noise in the vicinity of the aerodrome as is so specified ; and (b)to make to the Secretary of State such reports as are so specified with respect to the noise measured by the equipment and to permit any person authorised by the Secretary of State in that behalf to inspect the equipment on demand at any time ;and it shall be the duty of the person for the time being managing the aerodrome to comply with the requirements of the order. (8)If a person fails to perform any duty imposed on him by the preceding subsection the Secretary of State may, after affording him an opportunity of making representations to the Secretary of State with respect to the matter and after considering any representations then made by him,— (a)take such steps as the Secretary of State considers appropriate for remedying the failure, which may include steps to secure the provision, maintenance and operation of equipment by the Secretary of State or the Authority; and (b)recover in any court of competent jurisdiction from the person aforesaid any expense attributable to the taking of those steps which is incurred by the Secretary of State from time to time;and if a person fails to perform any duty imposed on him by virtue of paragraph (b) of the preceding subsection, then, without prejudice to the preceding provisions of this subsection he shall— (i)be guilty of an offence and be liable on summary conviction to a fine of an amount not exceeding £50, and (ii)if the failure continues after his conviction of an offence under this subsection arising from the failure, be guilty of a separate offence under this subsection on each day on which the failure continues thereafter and liable to be fined accordingly. (9)Any expenses incurred by the Secretary of State in pursuance of the preceding subsection shall be defrayed out of money provided by Parliament, and any sums received by the Secretary of State in pursuance of that subsection shall be paid into the Consolidated Fund. (10)The Secretary of State may, after consultation with any local authority appearing to him to be concerned, by order repeal any provision of a local Act which he considers is unnecessary having regard to the provisions of this section and of section 15 of the [1965 c. 16..] Airports Authority Act 1965 (which provides for grants towards the cost of sound-proofing buildings) as amended by this Act. (11)In this section— " designated aerodrome " means any aerodrome in Great Britain which is designated by an order made by the Secretary of State as an aerodrome to which this section applies ; and " local authority " means, in relation to England and Wales, the council of a county, county borough, London borough or county district, the Greater London Council or the Common Council of the City of London and, in relation to Scotland, any county or town council; and any notice published in pursuance of subsection (1) or subsection (3) of this section may contain such incidental or supplementary provisions as the Secretary of State considers appropriate for the purposes of that subsection and may be varied or revoked by a subsequent notice published in pursuance of that subsection. Operation of aerodromes by the Authority 30Management etc. (1)The Authority shall not establish any aerodrome and shall not acquire any aerodrome in addition to those owned by it by virtue of section 14(1) of this Act; but the Authority may with the consent in writing of the Secretary of State undertake the management of any aerodrome (whether in the United Kingdom or elsewhere) which it does not own and to which the consent extends. (2)The Authority shall not discontinue the use of any aerodrome owned or managed by it except with the consent in writing of the Secretary of State. (3)It shall be the duty of the Authority to provide at the aerodromes in the United Kingdom which are owned or managed by it such services and facilities as the Authority considers are necessary or desirable for their operation; and in carrying out that duty the Authority shall have regard to the development of air transport and to efficiency, economy and safety of operation. (4)Subject to the preceding section, it shall also be the duty of the Authority to secure that, at all times when an aerodrome in the United Kingdom which is owned or managed by the Authority is available for the landing or departure of aircraft, it is so available to all persons on equal terms. (5)Notwithstanding anything in section 5 of this Act, the Authority may with the consent in writing of the Secretary of State appoint another person to manage on its behalf any aerodrome which is owned or is being managed by the Authority; and any reference in this Act to an aerodrome managed by the Authority includes a reference to an aerodrome managed by a person appointed in pursuance of this subsection. 31Byelaws (1)The Authority may, in respect of any aerodrome in the United Kingdom which is owned or managed by it, make byelaws for regulating the use and operation of the aerodrome and the conduct of all persons while within the aerodrome, and in particular byelaws— (a)for securing the safety of aircraft, vehicles and persons using the aerodrome and preventing danger to the public arising from the use and operation of the aerodrome ; (b)for preventing obstruction within the aerodrome ; (c)for regulating vehicular traffic anywhere within the aerodrome except on roads to which the road traffic enactments apply, and in particular (with that exception) for imposing speed limits on vehicles within the aerodrome and for restricting or regulating the parking of vehicles or their use for any purpose or in any manner specified in the byelaws ; (d)for prohibiting waiting by hackney carriages except at standings appointed by such person as may be specified in the byelaws; (e)for prohibiting or restricting access to any part of the aerodrome; (f)for preserving order within the aerodrome and preventing damage to property in it; (g)for regulating or restricting advertising within the aerodrome ; (h)for requiring any person, if so requested by a constable or aerodrome official, to leave the aerodrome or a particular part of it or to state his name and address and the purpose of his being on the aerodrome; (i)for restricting the area which is to be taken as constituting the aerodrome for the purposes of the byelaws. (2)A person contravening any byelaws made under this section shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding such amount as may be specified by the byelaws in relation to the contravention, but no amount so specified shall exceed £100. (3)Byelaws made under this section shall not have effect until they are confirmed by the Secretary of State, and the provisions of Schedule 7 to this Act shall apply to any such byelaws. (4)If, in the case of any aerodrome owned or managed by the Authority, byelaws made or having effect as if made under section 2 of the [1968 c. 61..] Civil Aviation Act 1968 (which relates to byelaws for aerodromes of the Secretary of State) were in force in respect of the aerodrome immediately before the date when it vested in or came under the management of the Authority, the byelaws shall have effect as if made and confirmed under this section but with the substitution of references to the Authority for references to the Secretary of State and with any other necessary modifications. (5)In this section— " aerodrome official" means a person authorised by the Authority to act for the purposes of byelaws made by virtue of paragraph (h) of subsection (1) of this section ; and " the road traffic enactments" means the enactments (whether passed before or after this Act) relating to road traffic, including the lighting and parking of vehicles, and any order or other instrument having effect by virtue of any such enactment; and an aerodrome official shall not exercise any power conferred on him by byelaws made by virtue of the said paragraph (h) without producing written evidence of his authority if he is required to do so. 32Health control (1)Without prejudice to his general duties under any Act of Parliament or otherwise, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of State, and to such extent as he may direct of the Authority, to make such arrangements as appear to him to be necessary— (a)for preventing danger to public health from aircraft arriving at any aerodrome in the United Kingdom which is owned or managed by the Authority; and (b)for preventing the spread of infection by means of any aircraft leaving any such aerodrome, so far as may be expedient for the purpose of carrying out any treaty, convention, arrangement or engagement with any country. (2)A local authority may, and shall if the Secretary of State so requires, undertake duties in connection with the execution of any such arrangements as aforesaid, and the Secretary of State shall make to the local authority out of money provided by Parliament such payments as the local authority may reasonably require in respect of expenses incurred by the local authority in the performance of those duties. (3)In the application of subsections (1) and (2) of this section to Northern Ireland, for any reference to the Secretary of State there shall be substituted a reference to the Ministry of Health and Social Services for Northern Ireland and the words “out of money provided by Parliament” in subsection (2) shall be omitted ; but nothing in this section shall require or authorise the said Ministry to make payments or incur other expenses in pursuance of this section until provision has been made by the Parliament of Northern Ireland for those payments and expenses to be defrayed out of money provided by that Parliament. (4)In subsection (2) of this section "local authority" means— (a)in relation to England and Wales, any local authority for the purposes of the [1936 c. 49..] Public Health Act 1936, any county council, any port health authority and any joint board of which all the constituent authorities are such authorities or councils as aforesaid ; (b)in relation to Scotland, any local authority for the purposes of the [1945 c. 15 (9 & 10 Geo. 6.)..] Public Health (Scotland) Act 1945 and any port local authority as defined in section 172 of the [1897 c. 38..] Public Health (Scotland) Act 1897; and (c)in relation to Northern Ireland, such authority as the Ministry of Health and Social Services for Northern Ireland may designate as the appropriate authority for the purposes of subsection (2) of this section. (5)Section 143 of the Public Health Act 1936 (which authorises the making of health regulations) shall have effect in relation to aerodromes in Great Britain which are owned or managed by the Authority, and in relation to persons and aircraft arriving at or departing from such aerodromes, subject to the following modifications, that is to say— (a)in subsection (1) the proviso shall be omitted ; (b)in subsection (3) for the words from " shall specify " to " executed" there shall be substituted the words "may provide for their enforcement and execution by officers designated for that purpose by the Secretary of State" and paragraphs (i) and (ii) shall be omitted ; and (c)in subsection (4) for the words " Authorised officers of any such authority" there shall be substituted the words "Officers designated as aforesaid". (6)In the application of the preceding subsection to Scotland, for the reference to section 143 of the [1936 c. 49..] Public Health Act 1936 there shall be substituted a reference to section 1 of the [1945 c. 15 (9 & 10 Geo. 6.)..] Public Health (Scotland) Act 1945 and paragraph (a) shall be omitted. Provision of assistance and information 33Provision by the Authority of assistance etc. for Secretary of State and others (1)Subject to subsection (3) of this section it shall be the duty of the Authority to provide such assistance and advice as the Secretary of State may require the Authority to provide for him or any other person in connection with any of the Secretary of State's functions relating to civil aviation. (2)Without prejudice to the preceding subsection, it shall also be the duty of the Authority— (a)to consider what aerodromes are in its opinion likely to be required from time to time in the United Kingdom in addition to or in place of or by way of alteration of existing aerodromes; and (b)to make recommendations to the Secretary of State arising out of its consideration of that matter;and it shall be the duty of the Secretary of State to publish the recommendations (except any of them of which the publication appears to him unnecessary) in such manner as he considers appropriate for bringing them to the notice of the public. (3)Where in pursuance of subsection (1) of this section the Secretary of State requires the Authority to provide assistance or advice for a person other than the Secretary of State but does not undertake to pay to the Authority the cost of doing so, the Authority shall be entitled to refuse to do so until the other person pays to the Authority— (a)in so far as provision is made in pursuance of section 9 of this Act for charges in respect of the assistance or advice, those charges ; and (b)in so far as provision is not so made, such reasonable charges in respect of the assistance or advice as the Authority may determine. (4)The Authority shall be entitled to recover from the Secretary of State a sum equal to any expense reasonably incurred by it in providing him with assistance or advice in pursuance of subsection (1) of this section and in performing the duty imposed on it by subsection (2) of this section, and any expenditure incurred by the Secretary of State in pursuance of this subsection shall be defrayed out of money provided by Parliament. (5)Without prejudice to subsection (1) of this section, the Authority may provide for any person technical assistance and advice, including research services, with respect to any matter in which the Authority has skill or experience. 34Provision by the Authority of information etc. for Secretary of State (1)It shall be the duty of the Authority— (a)to furnish to the Secretary of State such information as he may specify and the Authority has or can reasonably be expected to obtain with respect to such matters relating to the Authority or to civil aviation as the Secretary of State may specify; (b)to permit the Secretary of State to have access to all documents which are under the control of the Authority and relate to matters specified in pursuance of the preceding paragraph; (c)if it comes to the notice of the Authority that a body which is the holder of an air transport licence is proposing to merge or has merged with another body, to give notice in writing of the proposal or merger to the Secretary of State; (d)if it appears to the Authority that any matter which is being or has been dealt with by the Authority is likely— (i)to affect the relations of the United Kingdom with any other country or territory or any international organisation, or (ii)to be of special interest to the Secretary of State by reason of the fact that the matter involves or may involve noise, vibration, pollution or other disturbance attributable to aircraft used for the purpose of civil aviation,to give notice in writing of the matter to the Secretary of State. (2)Nothing in the preceding subsection shall be construed as prejudicing the generality of subsection (1) of the preceding section, and nothing in paragraph (c) or (d) of the preceding subsection shall be construed as prejudicing the generality of paragraph (a) of the preceding subsection. (3)The Authority shall be entitled to recover from the Secretary of State a sum equal to any expense reasonably incurred by it in furnishing information in pursuance of subsection (1) of this section, and any expenditure incurred by the Secretary of State in pursuance of this subsection shall be defrayed out of money provided by Parliament. 35Provision by others of information for the Authority and Secretary of State (1)The Authority may, by a notice in writing served in the prescribed manner on a person of any of the following descriptions, that is to say— (a)a holder of a licence issued by the Authority under this Act or a licence or certificate issued by the Authority under an Air Navigation Order; (b)a recipient of an approval given by the Authority under an Air Navigation Order; (c)a person who in the United Kingdom has, at any time during the period of two years ending with the date of service of the notice, held himself out as one who may as a principal or otherwise enter into a contract to make available accommodation for the carriage of persons or cargo on flights in any part of the world in aircraft of which he is not the operator; (d)a person carrying on business in the United Kingdom as a manufacturer of aircraft or engines or other equipment for aircraft or as an insurer of aircraft,require him to furnish to the Authority, in such form and at such times as may be specified in the notice, information of such descriptions as may be so specified, being— (i)in the case of such a holder or recipient as aforesaid (other than the holder of an aerodrome licence), descriptions of information which relates to his past, present or future activities as the holder or recipient of the licence, certificate or approval in question or his past activities as the holder or recipient of any similar licence, certificate or approval or is of a kind which the Authority considers that it requires for the purpose of reviewing the licence, certificate or approval in question, (ii)in the case of such a person as is mentioned in paragraph (c) of this subsection, descriptions of information which relates to his past, present or future activities in the United Kingdom connected with the making available of accommodation so mentioned, (iii)in the case of such a person as is mentioned in paragraph (d) of this subsection or the holder of an aerodrome licence, descriptions of information which relates to his past, present or future activities (including, in the case of the holder of an aerodrome licence, information as to the numbers of aircraft and passengers and the quantity of cargo passing and expected to pass through the relevant aerodrome) and is of a kind which the Authority considers that it requires for the purpose of performing any of its functions.In this subsection " aerodrome licence " means a licence to operate an aerodrome issued by the Authority under an Air Navigation Order. (2)Without prejudice to the generality of the preceding subsection, the information relating to the activities of the holder of an air transport licence which the Authority may require him to furnish in pursuance of that subsection includes particulars of any contract or arrangement— (a)to which he is or was at any time a party and, if he is not or was not then an operator of aircraft registered in the United Kingdom or a relevant overseas territory or an associated state, to which such an operator is or was then a party ; and (b)which constitutes or relates to an agreement or understanding between operators of aircraft or such operators and other persons with respect to any of the following matters, that is to say— (i)the provision of flights or of accommodation in aircraft, (ii)the sharing or transfer of revenue from flights on particular routes, (iii)the sale by a party to the contract or arrangement of tickets for flights in aircraft operated by another party to it, (iv)the making available by a party to the contract or arrangement of staff, equipment or other facilities for use by another party to it. (3)Provision may be made by regulations for requiring a person of any description specified in subsection (1) of this section to furnish to the Secretary of State, in such form and at such times as may be prescribed, information of such descriptions as may be prescribed, being descriptions of information relating to civil aviation which the Secretary of State considers that he requires for the purpose of performing any of his functions or descriptions of information which he considers that he requires in order to facilitate the performance by the Authority of any of its functions. (4)If a person required to furnish information by virtue of any of the preceding provisions of this section fails to comply with the requirement or in purported compliance with the requirement knowingly or recklessly furnishes information which is false in a material particular, then— (a)in the case of a failure to comply with the requirement he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine of an amount not exceeding £100 ; and (b)in any other case he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine of an amount not exceeding £400 and on conviction on indictment to a fine or imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or both ; and (c)if the requirement was made by virtue of subsection (1) or (2) of this section, the Authority may, whether or not any proceedings in respect of the requirement have been brought in pursuance of paragraph (a) or (b) of this subsection, revoke any licence or certificate or approval which was issued or given by the Authority and to which the requirement related ;and a person who fails to comply with a requirement imposed on him in pursuance of this section shall be guilty of an offence by virtue of paragraph (a) of this subsection notwithstanding that at any relevant time he is outside the United Kingdom and is neither a United Kingdom national nor a body incorporated under the law of a part of the United Kingdom or of a relevant overseas territory or an associated state. 36Disclosure of information (1)Subject to the following subsection, no information which relates to a particular person and has been furnished to the Authority or the Secretary of State in pursuance of any provision of this Part of this Act or an Air Navigation Order shall be disclosed by the Authority or a member or employee of the Authority or an officer of the Secretary of State unless— (a)the person aforesaid has consented in writing to disclosure of the information ; or (b)the Secretary of State, after affording that person an opportunity to make representations about the information and considering any representation then made by that person about it, determines that the information may be disclosed ; or (c)the Secretary of State determines that the information is of the same kind as other information as respects which he has, after affording that person an opportunity of making representations about it in pursuance of the preceding paragraph, made a determination in pursuance of that paragraph. (2)Nothing in the preceding subsection prohibits the disclosure of any information— (a)by the Authority or a member or employee of the Authority to the Secretary of State or an officer of his or, with the consent of the Secretary of State, to an international organisation of which the United Kingdom is a member; (b)by an officer of the Secretary of State to the Authority or a member or employee of the Authority or to such an organisation or, in accordance with directions given by the Secretary of State,— (i)to an officer of any government department, or (ii)in connection with negotiations conducted by officers of the Secretary of State with representatives of the government of any country or territory outside the United Kingdom, or (iii)in connection with the discharge of any obligation of the United Kingdom under international arrangements; (c)to a person to whom the information in question is required to be disclosed by regulations made in pursuance of section 5(2) of this Act; (d)in pursuance of section 24(3) or (5) of this Act; (e)with a view to the institution of, or otherwise for the purposes of, any criminal proceedings arising out of this Act or an Air Navigation Order or for the purposes of any investigation undertaken in pursuance of regulations made by virtue of section 10 of the [1949 c. 67..] Civil Aviation Act 1949 (which provides for the investigation of accidents connected with air navigation). (3)If the Authority or a member or employee of the Authority or an officer of the Secretary of State discloses any information in contravention of subsection (1) of this section, it or he shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine of an amount not exceeding £400 or on conviction on indictment to a fine or, except in the case of the Authority, imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or both. PART III The British Airways Board Constitution 37Constitution of the Board (1)There shall be a body corporate, to be called the British Airways Board (and hereafter in this Act referred to as " the Board "), which shall be constituted in accordance with the following provisions of this Part of this Act and shall have the functions conferred on it by or under those provisions. (2)The Board shall consist of not less than eight nor more than fifteen persons appointed by the Secretary of State to be members of the Board; and the Secretary of State— (a)shall appoint one member to be the chairman of the Board; and (b)may appoint one or more other members to be a deputy chairman or deputy chairmen of the Board. (3)The provisions of Schedule 8 to this Act shall have effect with respect to the Board. (4)It is hereby declared that the Board is not to be regarded as the servant or agent of the Crown, or as enjoying any status, immunity or privilege of the Crown, or (subject to the provisions of this Act relating to stamp duty) as exempt from any tax, duty, rate, levy or other charge whatsoever, whether general or local, and that its property is not to be regarded as property of or held on behalf of the Crown. (5)In Part II of Schedule 1 to the [1957 c. 20..] House of Commons Disqualification Act 1957, as it applies in relation to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, after the entry relating to the British Airports Authority there shall be inserted the words "The British Airways Board"; and in the Part substituted for the said Part II by Schedule 3 to that Act in relation to the Senate and House of Commons of Northern Ireland, after the entry relating to the Attendance Allowance Board for Northern Ireland there shall be inserted the words aforesaid. General functions of the Board 38General powers (1)Subject to the following provisions of this Part of this Act, the Board shall have power— (a)to provide air transport services and carry out all other forms of aerial work, whether on charter terms or otherwise, in any part of the world ; (b)without prejudice to the generality of the preceding paragraph, to do all or any of the following— (i)to promote the formation of undertakings constituted for the purpose of providing air transport services or engaging in any other activities of a kind which the Board has power to carry on ; (ii)to acquire any such undertaking or a financial interest in any such undertaking ; (iii)to lend money to or enter into guarantees for the benefit of any such undertaking ; (c)to control all the activities of the British Overseas Airways Corporation and the British European Airways Corporation (hereafter in this Act referred to jointly as " the corporations" and severally as "BOAC" and " BEA" respectively) and for that purpose to give to the corporations or either of them such directions as the Board thinks fit; (d)to appoint such persons as the Board thinks fit as the chairmen, deputy chairmen and other members of the corporations and to terminate any appointment made by virtue of this paragraph notwithstanding anything in the terms on which the appointment was made; (e)to provide for any person technical advice or assistance, including research services, as respects any matter in which the Board has skill or experience ; (f)to do anything which is calculated to facilitate, or is conducive or incidental to, the performance of any of the Board's functions (including a function exercisable by the Board by virtue of this paragraph). (2)The preceding subsection shall have effect subject to the following limitations, that is to say— (a) the Board shall not exercise its powers under paragraph (a) or (b) of that subsection except with and in accordance with a general or special authorisation given by the Secretary of State ; (b) the Board shall not have power to manufacture air frames, aero-engines or airscrews except in so far as the Secretary of State provides by order that it shall have such a power ; (c)the appointment of a person as the chairman of either of the corporations shall not— (i)be made unless he is a member of the Board and the Secretary of State approves the appointment, and (ii)be terminated unless the Secretary of State approves its termination ; (d)nothing in paragraph (d) of the preceding subsection is to be construed as— (i)authorising the termination of an appointment made before that paragraph came into force, or (ii)depriving a person whose appointment is terminated in pursuance of that paragraph of his entitlement (if any) to damages or compensation in consequence of the termination. 39Reviews of organisation (1)It shall be the duty of the Board, forthwith after the appointed day and subsequently from time to time when the Board considers it appropriate or the Secretary of State so requires,— (a)to undertake a review of the group's affairs for the purpose of determining whether the carrying on of the activities of the group is organised, so far as regards the direction thereof, in the most efficient manner; (b)to make a report to the Secretary of State upon the Board's conclusions arising from the review (and in relation to the first review to make the report before such a date as the Secretary of State determines after consultation with the Board). (2)It shall be the duty of the Secretary of State to lay before each House of Parliament a copy of each report made in pursuance of the preceding subsection. (3)The Secretary of State may, after considering any report made in pursuance of subsection (1) of this section and laying a copy of it before each House of Parliament and after consulting the Board about it, give to the Board such directions as the Secretary of State considers appropriate for securing that the carrying on of the activities mentioned in that subsection is organised as there mentioned; and the Board shall not make or permit any substantial change in the organisation of the said activities except in pursuance of a direction under this subsection or with the consent of the Secretary of State. 40Secretary of State's directions in the national interest etc. (1)Subject to subsection (3) of this section, the Secretary of State may, after consultation with the Board, give to the Board— (a)directions of a general character as to the performance of the Board's functions in relation to any matter appearing to the Secretary of State to affect the national interest; (b)directions requiring the Board to dispose, or to secure that either of the corporations dispose, of any shares or stock or other financial interest held by the Board or corporation in any undertaking specified in the directions; (c)directions requiring the Board to secure that any relevant body specified in the directions— (i)discontinues, or restricts to an extent specified in the directions, any of the activities of the body which are so specified, or (ii)disposes of such part of the undertaking of the body as is so specified, or (iii)disposes of any property of the body which is so specified. (2)In paragraph (c) of the preceding subsection " relevant body " means— (a)any undertaking of which all the issued share capital is held, directly or through a nominee, by the Board or one of the corporations ; and (b)any other undertaking which, if such of its issued share capital as is held directly or through nominees by each of the corporations and each such undertaking as is mentioned in the preceding paragraph were held by the Board, would be an undertaking falling within the preceding paragraph. (3)The Secretary of State shall not give directions in pursuance of paragraph (b) or (c) of subsection (1) of this section unless he is satisfied that he will not thereby impede or prevent the proper discharge of the Board's duties. (4)The powers to give directions conferred by paragraphs (b) and (c) of subsection (1) of this section shall be exercisable by statutory instrument and a draft of any statutory instrument made by virtue of this subsection shall be laid before Parliament. Provision of funds etc. for and by the Board 41Borrowing by the Board (1)The Board may, with the consent of or in accordance with a general authorisation given by the Secretary of State, borrow temporarily by overdraft or otherwise such sums in sterling or other currencies as the Board may require for performing its functions. (2)The Board may borrow from the Secretary of State, or may with his consent borrow by the issue of stock, such sums as the Board may require for capital purposes or for fulfilling a guarantee entered into by the Board. (3)The Board may borrow, from such persons and on such terms as the Secretary of State may from time to time specify, any sums in currency other than sterling which are required by the Board for performing its functions. (4)The Board may borrow from either of the corporations such sums as the Board may require for performing its functions. (5)The Secretary of State shall not give consent or an authorisation or specify any person or terms in pursuance of the preceding provisions of this section except with the approval of the Treasury. 42Government loans to the Board (1)The Secretary of State may lend to the Board any sums which the Board has power to borrow in pursuance of subsection (2) of the preceding section, and the Treasury may issue to the Secretary of State out of the National Loans Fund any sums necessary to enable the Secretary of State to make loans in pursuance of this subsection. (2)Any loans made in pursuance of the preceding subsection shall be repaid to the Secretary of State at such times and by such methods, and interest on the loans shall be paid to him at such times and at such rates, as he may from time to time direct; and all sums received by the Secretary of State in pursuance of this subsection shall be paid into the National Loans Fund. (3)The Secretary of State shall prepare in respect of each financial year an account of the sums issued to him in pursuance of subsection (1) of this section and the sums received by him in pursuance of the preceding subsection and of the disposal by him of those sums and shall send the account to the Comptroller and Auditor General before the end of the month of November next following the end of that year; and the Comptroller and Auditor General shall examine, certify and report on the account and lay copies of it and of his report before each House of Parliament. (4)The Secretary of State shall not make a loan or give a direction in pursuance of the preceding provisions of this section except with the approval of the Treasury; and the form of the account prepared in pursuance of the preceding subsection and the manner of preparing it shall be such as the Treasury may direct. 43Other government investment for the Board (1)The Secretary of State may pay to the Board out of money provided by Parliament such sums as the Secretary of State thinks fit. (2)In consideration of receiving sums in pursuance of the preceding subsection the Board shall make to the Secretary of State, as respects each accounting year (except such a year as respects which the Board satisfies the Secretary of State that it is inappropriate to make a payment in pursuance of this subsection), payments of such amounts as may be proposed by the Board and agreed by the Secretary of State or such other amounts as the Secretary of State may determine after consultation with the Board ; and any sums received by the Secretary of State in pursuance of this subsection shall be paid into the Consolidated Fund. (3)The account prepared in respect of any financial year in pursuance of the preceding section shall include particulars of the sums which in that year are paid to the Board or are paid into the Consolidated Fund in pursuance of this section. (4)The Secretary of State shall not make a payment, signify agreement or make a determination in pursuance of the preceding provisions of this section except with the approval of the Treasury. 44Provision of funds for the corporations by the Board The Board may make payments to either of the corporations on such terms as the Board thinks fit; but nothing in this section shall be construed as prejudicing the Board's power to give directions altering those terms at any time. 45Transitional provisions relating to investments etc. (1)There shall be deemed to be made to the Board on the appointed day— (a)a loan under section 42(1) of this Act equal to the capital amounts outstanding immediately before that day in respect of the advances made to BOAC under section 8 of the Act of 1967 ; (b)a payment under section 43(1) of this Act equal to the capital amounts so outstanding in respect of the sums paid to BOAC under section 14 of the Act of 1967 (including the sums treated as so paid by virtue of section 14 (3) (b) or deemed to have been so paid by virtue of section 15 of that Act); (c)a loan under section 42(1) of this Act equal to the capital amounts so outstanding in respect of the advances made to BEA under section 8 of the Act of 1967 and the debt assumed by BEA under section 1(2) of the [1969 c. 43..] Air Corporations Act 1969 ;and those loans and that payment shall be deemed to be so made on the same terms as to repayment and the payment of interest (but with the substitution of references to the Board for references to either of the corporations and with any other necessary modifications) as the terms as to those matters which immediately before the appointed day related to the corresponding outstanding amounts aforesaid. (2)Any entitlement of the Secretary of State and any liability of either of the corporations in respect of the said outstanding amounts shall be extinguished on the appointed day ; but nothing in the preceding provisions of this subsection affects any payment by way of interest or in pursuance of section 14(2) of the Act of 1967 which falls to be made by either of the corporations for any period preceding that day in respect of the capital amounts mentioned in the preceding subsection, and an amount may be fixed in pursuance of the said section 14(2) on or after that day in respect of so much of any accounting year as precedes that day. (3)There shall be deemed to be made on the appointed day— (a)a payment to BOAC under the preceding section equal to the aggregate of the loan and the payment deemed to be made to the Board by virtue of paragraphs (a) and (b) of subsection (1) of this section ; and (b)a payment to BEA under the preceding section equal to the loan deemed to be made to the Board by virtue of paragraph (c) of the said subsection (1);and those payments shall be deemed to be so made on the same terms (but with the substitution of references to the Board for references to the Secretary of State and with any other necessary modifications) as the terms which immediately before the appointed day related to the corresponding outstanding amounts mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, without prejudice to the Board's power to give directions altering those terms at any time. 46Limit on borrowing and other investment (1)Subject to subsections (2) and (3) of this section, the aggregate of— (a)the amount outstanding in respect of the principal of moneys borrowed by the Board (including the loans mentioned in subsection (1)(a) and (c) of the preceding section); (b)the payments made to the Board under section 43(1) of this Act (including the payment mentioned in subsection (1)(b) of the preceding section); and (c)the amount outstanding in respect of the principal of moneys borrowed by either of the corporations,shall not at any time exceed £560 million or such greater sum not exceeding £700 million as the Secretary of State may from time to time by order specify. (2)The following sums shall be disregarded for the purposes of the preceding subsection, that is to say— (a)any sums borrowed by the Board from either of the corporations or by either of the corporations from the other of them or from the Board ; (b)such part of the payment mentioned in subsection (1)(b) of the preceding section or of the sums deemed to have been lent by virtue of section 51(2) (a) of this Act as represents the sums in respect of which directions were given under section 14(3)(b) of the Act of 1967 (which provided for certain sums in BOAC's reserve fund to be treated as paid by the Secretary of State under that section); (c)any sum which is the subject of directions under section 52(1)(b) of this Act. (3)Nothing in subsection (1) of this section shall prevent the Board or either of the corporations from borrowing in excess of the limit imposed by that subsection for the purpose of paying off a loan or redeeming stock which the Board is or the corporation in question are required or entitled to redeem. (4)Sections 41 to 43 of this Act shall have effect subject to the preceding provisions of this section. 47Stock (1)The Board may create and issue any stock required for the purpose of exercising its powers under section 41(2) of this Act and may with the consent of the Secretary of State create and issue stock which is to be allotted as consideration for the acquisition of undertakings or of shares or stock in undertakings. (2)Stock issued by the Board and the interest on the stock shall be charged on the undertaking and all property and revenues of the Board. (3)The stock of the Board shall be issued, transferred, dealt with and redeemed on such terms as the Secretary of State may determine in accordance with regulations. (4)The Secretary of State shall not give consent or make regulations in pursuance of the preceding provisions of this section except with the approval of the Treasury. 48Guarantees (1)The Board may guarantee, in such manner and subject to such conditions as it thinks fit, the fulfilment of any guarantee entered into by either of the corporations in pursuance of section 3(4)(c) of the Act of 1967. (2)Section 10 of the Act of 1967 (which relates to Treasury guarantees) shall have effect as if any reference to a corporation and section 7(3) of that Act included respectively a reference to the Board and section 41(3) of this Act. (3)Where the payment of the principal of and interest on any stock issued by the Board is guaranteed by the Treasury, transfers of the stock shall be exempt from all stamp duty (including stamp duty payable in Northern Ireland). Further financial provisions 49Control of capital expenditure and of hiring of equipment It shall be the duty of the Board to secure that any member of the group— (a)in framing and carrying out proposals involving substantial outlay on capital account; and (b)in framing and carrying out proposals involving the taking on hire, from a person who is not such a member, of any equipment of which the purchase by the member at the time of the taking on hire would involve such an outlay,acts on lines settled from time to time by the Board with the approval of the Secretary of State. 50Control of return on net assets etc. (1)It shall be the duty of the Secretary of State to determine the rate of return on net assets (as for the time being defined for the purposes of this section by the Secretary of State) which, having regard to the provisions of section 43(2) of this Act, the Secretary of State considers it is reasonable for the group to achieve as respects a period specified in the determination. (2)A determination under this section may— (a)specify a period beginning before the date on which the determination is made; and (b)be varied by a subsequent determination under this section;but nothing in paragraph (b) of this subsection shall be construed as implying that a determination under any other provision of this Act may not be varied. (3)The Secretary of State shall not make a determination under this section except with the approval of the Treasury and after consultation with the Board ; and it shall be the duty of the Secretary of State to give the Board notice of each determination made under this section. (4)It shall be the duty of the Board during any period specified in a determination under this section to exercise its powers with a view to securing that the group achieves a rate of return on net assets in respect of that period which is not less than the rate specified in the determination as for the time being in force. (5)The Secretary of State may by order— (a)substitute for the duty imposed on the Board by virtue of the preceding subsection a financial duty expressed otherwise than by reference to a rate of return on net assets; (b)provide that subsections (1) to (4) of this section shall have effect with such modifications as the Secretary of State considers appropriate in consequence of the substitution; and (c)without prejudice to section 63(4)(b) of this Act, make such other incidental or transitional provision as the Secretary of State considers appropriate in consequence of the substitution. 51Expiration of ss.43 and 50 and consequential provision as respects investments and revenue (1)Sections 43 and 50 of this Act, and in so far as any other provision of this Act except this section relates to either of those sections that other provision, shall continue in force until the end of March 1977 and shall then expire unless before they expire the Secretary of State provides by order that they shall continue in force until and expire on a later date specified in the order or shall continue in force permanently. (2)On the expiration of the enactments aforesaid— (a)any sums paid or deemed to have been paid to the Board in pursuance of the said section 43 shall be deemed to have been lent to the Board in pursuance of section 42 of this Act on the date of the expiration ; (b)it shall become the duty of the Board so to conduct its affairs as to secure that the revenue of the group is not less than sufficient for meeting charges properly chargeable to revenue account, taking one year with another ; and (c)section 38(2) of the [1889 c. 63..] Interpretation Act 1889 (which relates to the effect of repeals) shall apply as if the enactments aforesaid had been repealed on the date of expiration by an Act passed after this Act. 52Reserves (1)The Secretary of State may give to the Board— (a)directions with respect to the establishment and maintenance of reserves by the Board or either of the corporations and with respect to the sums to be from time to time transferred to those reserves, the management of those reserves and the application of those reserves (including, in the case of reserves maintained by either of the corporations by virtue of this paragraph or otherwise, directions for the application of a sum standing to the credit of the reserves as if it were a payment made by the Board to the corporation on such terms as may be determined by or in accordance with the directions) ; (b)directions providing that a sum standing to the credit of reserves maintained by the Board (whether by virtue of the preceding paragraph or otherwise) shall be deemed to be a loan made to the Board in pursuance of section 42(1) of this Act or a payment made to the Board in pursuance of section 43(1) of this Act. (2)Directions given in pursuance of the preceding subsection may be made to have effect from a date earlier than that on which they are given; but no directions shall be given in pursuance of that subsection except after consultation with the Board and with the approval of the Treasury. 53Accounts and audit (1)It shall be the duty of the Board— (a)to keep proper accounts and proper records in relation to the accounts ; and (b)to prepare in respect of each accounting year, in such form as the Secretary of State with the approval of the Treasury may direct, a statement of those accounts and a statement of the accounts of the group showing the state of affairs and the profit or loss of the Board and of the group respectively ;and each statement prepared in respect of any accounting year in pursuance of this subsection shall include such particulars as the Secretary of State may direct with respect to any body which was a subsidiary or joint subsidiary at any time during that year and shall, in the case of a statement of the accounts of the group in respect of an accounting year, include a copy of the statements of account in respect of that year which were sent to the Board by the corporations in pursuance of section 25 of the Act of 1967. (2)The accounts kept and the statements prepared in pursuance of the preceding subsection shall be audited by auditors appointed annually by the Secretary of State; and a person shall not be qualified to be so appointed unless he is a member of one or more of the following bodies— the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales; the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland ; the Association of Certified Accountants ; the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland ; any other body of accountants established in the United Kingdom and for the time being recognised for the purposes of section 161(1)(a) of the [1948 c. 38..] Companies Act 1948 by the Secretary of State; but a Scottish firm may be so appointed if each of the partners therein is qualified to be so appointed. (3)As soon as the accounts and statement of accounts of the Board and the statement of accounts of the group for any accounting year have been audited, the Board shall send to the Secretary of State a copy of those statements together with a copy of any report made by the auditors on those statements or on the accounts of the Board or the accounts or statements of accounts of the corporations; and it shall be the duty of the Secretary of State to lay before each House of Parliament a copy of every statement and report of which a copy is received by him in pursuance of this subsection. Miscellaneous 54Annual report (1)It shall be the duty of the Board to make to the Secretary of State, as soon as possible after the end of each accounting year, a report dealing with the operations of the group during that year and incorporating reports made to the Board by each of the corporations with respect to their operations during that year. (2)The report made by the Board for any accounting year in pursuance of the preceding subsection shall set out any direction given to the Board in pursuance of section 39 or section 40(1)(a) of this Act except any direction or part of a direction as to which the Secretary of State has notified the Board that in his opinion it would be against the national interest to set it out. (3)It shall be the duty of the Secretary of State to lay before each House of Parliament a copy of each report received by him in pursuance of this section. 55Provision by Board of information for Secretary of State Without prejudice to its duties apart from this section, it shall be the duty of the Board to provide the Secretary of State with such information as he may from time to time require with respect to the property, financial position, activities or proposed activities of the group or any member of the group; but no such requirement shall impose upon the Board the duty of providing the Secretary of State with information which the Board does not possess and cannot reasonably be expected to obtain. 56Participation of employees of Board etc. in pension schemes (1)The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision, either by confirming provisions contained in a trust deed or in any other manner, for the participation in a relevant scheme, on such terms as he thinks fit (which may include terms as to the payment of contributions by participants and their employers and former employers or any of them), of persons of prescribed classes who either— (a)are employees of the Board or a joint subsidiary or an undertaking which is a subsidiary by reference to share capital held by or a power to appoint directors vested in the Board; or (b)are appointed to be members of the Board or directors of a joint subsidiary or such an undertaking as aforesaid and before being so appointed were participants in the scheme.In this subsection " a relevant scheme" means a pension scheme maintained by virtue of section 24 of the Act of 1967. (2)Before making any regulations in pursuance of the preceding subsection the Secretary of State shall consult the Board and each of the corporations and any such organisation representing employees to whom the regulations will relate as the Secretary of State considers appropriate. 57Dissolution of the corporations (1)If the report last made in pursuance of section 39 of this Act includes a statement that in the opinion of the Board either of the corporations should be dissolved, the Secretary of State may make an order— (a)transferring to the Board all property, rights and liabilities which immediately before the order comes into force are property, rights and liabilities of the corporation ; and (b)dissolving the corporation on a day specified in the order; and (c)making such modifications of the provisions of any enactment relating to either of the corporations (including this Act) as he considers are appropriate in consequence of the dissolution. (2)Where an asset, or the right to receive an asset, is transferred from a corporation to the Board by an order under this section, then for the purposes of Part I of the [1966 c. 34..] Industrial Development Act 1966— (a)so much of any expenditure incurred by the corporation in providing that asset as is approved capital expenditure (within the meaning of that Part of that Act) in respect of which no payment of investment grant has been made to the corporation shall be treated as having been incurred by the Board and not by the corporation ; (b)the asset, if provided for the purposes of the business of the corporation, shall be treated as having been provided for the purposes of the business of the Board; and (c)where the asset itself is transferred to the Board, it shall be treated as a new asset if it would have fallen to be so treated if it had remained vested in the corporation. Supplemental 58Duty of Board and corporations to comply with directions It shall be the duty of the Board to comply with any directions given to it by the Secretary of State in pursuance of this Part of this Act (including Schedule 8 to this Act), and it shall be the duty of each of the corporations to comply with any directions given to the corporation by the Board in pursuance of this Part of this Act. 59Group income and relief for tax purposes, and relief from transfer stamp duty (1)For the purposes of section 256 of the [1970 c. 10..] Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1970 (which relates to group income), each of the corporations shall be treated as a 51 per cent. subsidiary (within the meaning of that Act) of the Board and " dividends " in that section shall include any payments in the nature of dividends which are made by either of the corporations to the Board; and for the purposes of sections 258 to 264 of that Act (which relate to group relief), each of the corporations shall be treated as a 75 per cent. subsidiary (within the meaning of that Act) of the Board. (2)Stamp duty (including stamp duty payable in Northern Ireland) shall not be payable on— (a)any instrument as to which the Board certifies to the Commissioners of Inland Revenue or, as the case may be, the Ministry of Finance for Northern Ireland that it was executed solely for the purpose of transferring, in pursuance of a direction given by virtue of section 38(1)(c) of this Act, property from the Board to either of the corporations or from either of the corporations to the Board or from one to the other of the corporations; (b)any order made by virtue of section 57(1) of this Act;but no such instrument as is mentioned in paragraph (a) of this subsection shall be deemed to be duly stamped unless it is stamped with the duty to which it is liable apart from this subsection or it is stamped in accordance with section 12 of the [1891 c. 39..] Stamp Act 1891 with a particular stamp denoting that it is not chargeable with any duty or that it is duly stamped. 60Interpretation of Part III (1)In this Part of this Act (including Schedule 8 to this Act) the following expressions have the following meanings except where the context otherwise requires— " the Act of 1967 " means the [1967 c. 33..] Air Corporations Act 1967 ; " the corporations ", " BOAC " and " BEA " have the meanings assigned to them respectively by section 38(1)(c) of this Act; " the group " means the Board, the corporations and all subsidiaries and joint subsidiaries, and " member of the group " shall be construed accordingly; " joint subsidiary " means any undertaking of which two or more of the following bodies, that is to say the Board, the corporations and all subsidiaries, are members and which would, if the interests and powers relating to the undertaking of such of those bodies as are members of it were vested in one of those bodies, be a subsidiary by reference to that one of them ; " subsidiary " means any undertaking of which more than one half of the issued share capital is held, directly or through a nominee, by the Board or one of the corporations and any undertaking in relation to which the Board has power or one of the corporations have power directly or indirectly to appoint the majority of the directors. (2)In this Part of this Act (including Schedule 8 to this Act), " the appointed day " means such day as the Secretary of State may by order appoint; and different days may be appointed in pursuance of this subsection for different provisions of this Part of this Act (including that Schedule) and for such different purposes of the same provision as may be specified in the order. PART IV Miscellaneous and general 61Official secrets (1)For the purposes of section 2 of the [1911 c. 28..] Official Secrets Act 1911 (which among other things relates to the wrongful communication of information) a member and an employee of the Authority shall be deemed to hold an office under Her Majesty and a contract with the Authority shall be deemed to be a contract with Her Majesty. (2)For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 3 of the said Act of 1911 (under which the Secretary of State may by order declare any place belonging to Her Majesty to be a prohibited place for the purposes of that Act) a place belonging to or used for the purposes of the Authority shall be deemed to be a place belonging to Her Majesty. (3)Subject to the following subsection no person shall, except with the consent of and in accordance with any conditions imposed by the Authority, be entitled to exercise any right of entry (whether arising by virtue of a statutory provision or otherwise) upon a place which by virtue of the preceding subsection is a prohibited place for the purposes of the said Act of 1911. (4)The preceding subsection shall not apply to— (a)a constable acting in the course of his duty as such ; or (b)an officer of customs and excise or inland revenue acting in the execution of his duty as such ; or (c)an officer of any government department specially authorised in that behalf by or on behalf of a Minister of the Crown;and if the Authority refuses consent for or imposes conditions on the exercise by any person of a right of entry upon such a place as is mentioned in the preceding subsection and that person applies to the Secretary of State for an authorisation to exercise the right, the Secretary of State may if he thinks fit authorise that person to exercise it subject to such conditions, if any, as the Secretary of State may determine. 62Offences (1)In section 8(4) of the [1949 c. 67..] Civil Aviation Act 1949 (which enables an Air Navigation Order to provide for penalties which may include a fine of £200 or imprisonment for six months) for the words from " of penalties " to " six months " there shall be substituted the words "on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400 and on conviction on indictment to a fine or imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or both". (2)The Authority shall be a public body for the purposes of the Prevention of Corruption Acts 1889 to 1916, and accordingly the expressions " public body " and " such public body " in those Acts shall include the Authority. (3)When an offence under section 21(5), 24(7) or 35(4) of this Act or regulations made by virtue of section 5(2)(b) or 26 of this Act which has been committed by a body corporate is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other similar officer of the body corporate or any person who was purporting to act in any such capacity, he as well as the body corporate shall be guilty of that offence and be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly. (4)Where the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members the preceding subsection shall apply in relation to the acts and defaults of a member in connection with his functions of management as if he were a director of the body corporate. (5)Any offence under any provision made by or under this Act shall, for the purpose of conferring jurisdiction, be deemed to have been committed in any place where the offender may for the time being be. 63Orders and regulations (1)Any power to make an order or regulations which is conferred on the Secretary of State by this Act (excluding section 15) shall be exercisable by statutory instrument; and any statutory instrument made by virtue of this subsection (except an instrument containing such orders as are mentioned in the following subsection, orders appointing a day and regulations under section 56 of this Act) shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. (2)No order shall be made under section 50(5), 51(1) or 57(1) of this Act unless a draft of the order has been approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament, and no order shall be made under section 46(1) of this Act unless a draft of the order has been approved by a resolution of the House of Commons. (3)An order made by the Secretary of State in pursuance of any provision of this Act (except section 15) may be revoked or varied by a subsequent order made in pursuance of that provision; but an order appointing a day with respect to any matter shall not be revoked or varied by virtue of this subsection as respects that matter by an order made on or after that day. (4)Any power to make an order or regulations which is conferred on the Secretary of State by this Act (excluding section 15) includes power— (a)to make different provision for different circumstances ; and (b)to include in the order or regulations such incidental or supplementary provisions as the Secretary of State considers appropriate for the purposes of the order or regulations. 64Interpretation (1)In this Act the following expressions have the following meanings except where the context otherwise requires— "accounting year", in relation to the Authority or the Board or the group within the meaning of Part III of this Act, means the period of twelve months ending with the 31st March in any year except that the first accounting year of the Authority or the Board or the said group shall, if the Secretary of State so directs, be such period shorter or longer than twelve months (but not longer than two years) and ending with a 31st day of March as is specified in the direction; " aerodrome", except in section 14(1) of this Act and Schedule 2 to this Act, means any area of land or water designed, equipped, set apart or commonly used for affording facilities for the landing and departure of aircraft and includes any area or space, whether on the ground, on the roof of a building or elsewhere, which is designed, equipped or set apart for affording facilities for the landing and departure of aircraft capable of descending or climbing vertically ; " Air Navigation Order " means an Order in Council under section 8 of the [1949 c. 67..] Civil Aviation Act 1949 (which among other things enables provision to be made by Order in Council with respect to the safety and navigation of aircraft); " air navigation services " includes information, directions and other facilities furnished, issued or provided in connection with the navigation or movement of aircraft and includes the control of movement of vehicles in any part of an aerodrome used for the movement of aircraft; " air transport licence " has the meaning assigned to it by section 21(1)(a) of this Act; " air transport service " means a service for the carriage by air of passengers or cargo ; " the Authority " has the meaning assigned to it by section 1(1) of this Act; " the Board " has the meaning assigned to it by section 37(1) of this Act; " cargo " includes mail; " flight" means a journey by air beginning when the aircraft in question takes off and ending when it next lands; " functions " includes powers and duties ; " the initial debt " has the meaning assigned to it by section 7(1) of this Act; " land " includes any estate or other interest in land and any easement or servitude ; " licence ", in sections 22 to 24 of this Act, means air transport licence; " modifications " includes additions, omissions and amendments, and " modify " shall be construed accordingly ; " operator ", in relation to an aircraft, means the person for the time being having the management of the aircraft; " prescribed " means prescribed by regulations ; " regulations " means regulations made by the Secretary of State ; " relevant overseas territory " means any of the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man, any colony and any country or place outside Her Majesty's dominions in which for the time being Her Majesty has jurisdiction ; " reward ", in relation to a flight, includes any form of consideration received or to be received wholly or partly in connection with the flight irrespective of the person by whom or to whom the consideration has been or is to be given ; " subsidiary", except in Part III of this Act, shall be construed in accordance with section 154 of the [1948 c. 38..] Companies Act 1948 ; and " United Kingdom national " means an individual who is— (a)a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies ; or (b)a British subject by virtue of section 2 of the [1948 c. 56..] British Nationality Act 1948 (which provides for the continuance as British subjects of certain citizens of the Republic of Ireland); or (c)a British subject without citizenship by virtue of section 13 or section 16 of the said Act of 1948 ; or (d)a British subject by virtue of the [1965 c. 34..] British Nationality Act 1965 ; or (e)a British protected person within the meaning of the said Act of 1948. (2)For the purposes of this Act a hovercraft within the meaning of the [1968 c. 59..] Hovercraft Act 1968 is not an aircraft. (3)Any reference in this Act to any enactment is a reference to it as amended by or under any other enactment. 65Application of Act to Northern Ireland (1)In the application of this Act to Northern Ireland— (a)any reference to an enactment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland (except a reference to Schedule 5 or 6 to the [1948 c. 28 (N.I.)..] Roads Act (Northern Ireland) 1948) or to an enactment which that Parliament has power to amend— (i)shall be construed as including a reference to any enactment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland passed after this Act and re-enacting the said enactment with or without modifications; (ii)shall, except so far as the context otherwise requires, be construed as a reference to that enactment as amended by any enactment, whether passed before or after this Act, and as including a reference thereto as extended or applied by or under any other enactment, including this Act; (b)"Act" and "enactment" (except in subsection (3) of the preceding section) include respectively an Act and an enactment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland. (2)For the purposes of section 6 of the [1920 c. 67..] Government of Ireland Act 1920, this Act shall, so far as it relates to matters within the powers of the Parliament of Northern Ireland, be deemed to be an Act passed before the appointed day within the meaning of that section. 66Application of Act to certain overseas territories (1)Her Majesty may by Order in Council direct that— (a)any of the provisions of this Act shall extend, with such modifications (if any) as may be specified in the Order, to any relevant overseas territory; or (b)any provision of this Act shall apply in relation to an aircraft registered in any relevant overseas territory as it applies in relation to an aircraft registered in the United Kingdom but with such modifications (if any) as may be so specified. (2)An Order in Council made by virtue of the preceding subsection may be revoked or varied by a subsequent Order in Council so made. 67Expenses There shall be paid out of money provided by Parliament— (a)any administrative expenses incurred by any government department in consequence of any provision of this Act; (b)any increase attributable to this Act in the sums payable under any other Act out of money so provided. 68Transitional provisions and saving (1)The transitional provisions contained in Schedule 9 to this Act shall have effect. (2)Nothing in this Act shall be construed as derogating from the powers to make Orders in Council or other instruments conferring a function on the Authority which are exercisable by virtue of section 8 of the [1949 c. 67..] Civil Aviation Act 1949 (which among other things relates to the safety and navigation of aircraft) or section 16 of the [1968 c. 61..] Civil Aviation Act 1968 (which relates to the mortgaging of aircraft) or by virtue of any other enactment whatsoever. 69Minor and consequential amendments of enactments, and repeals (1)The enactments specified in Schedule 10 to this Act shall have effect subject to the amendments there specified (which are minor amendments and amendments consequential on the provisions of this Act). (2)The enactments mentioned in the first and second columns of Schedule 11 to this Act are hereby repealed to the extent specified in the third column of that Schedule. 70Citation and commencement (1)This Act may be cited as the Civil Aviation Act 1971, and this Act and the Civil Aviation Acts 1949 to 1968 may be cited together as the Civil Aviation Acts 1949 to 1971. (2)This Act shall come into force on such day as the Secretary of State may by order appoint; and different days may be appointed in pursuance of this subsection for different provisions of this Act and for such different purposes of the same provision as may be specified in the order. ### 1General principles (1)All those who are in this Act expressed to have the right of abode in the United Kingdom shall be free to live in, and to come and go into and from, the United Kingdom without let or hindrance except such as may be required under and in accordance with this Act to enable their right to be established or as may be otherwise lawfully imposed on any person. (2)Those not having that right may live, work and settle in the United Kingdom by permission and subject to such regulation and control of their entry into, stay in and departure from the United Kingdom as is imposed by this Act; and indefinite leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom shall, by virtue of this provision, be treated as having been given under this Act to those in the United Kingdom at its coming into force, if they are then settled there (and not exempt under this Act from the provisions relating to leave to enter or remain). (3)Arrival in and departure from the United Kingdom on a local journey from or to any of the Islands (that is to say, the Channel Islands and Isle of Man) or the Republic of Ireland shall not be subject to control under this Act, nor shall a person require leave to enter the United Kingdom on so arriving, except in so far as any of those places is for any purpose excluded from this subsection under the powers conferred by this Act; and in this Act the United Kingdom and those places, or such of them as are not so excluded, are collectively referred to as " the common travel area ". (4)The rules laid down by the Secretary of State as to the practice to be followed in the administration of this Act for regulating the entry into and stay in the United Kingdom of persons not having the right of abode shall include provision for admitting (in such cases and subject to such restrictions as may be provided by the rules, and subject or not to conditions as to length of stay or otherwise) persons coming for the purpose of taking employment, or for purposes of study, or as visitors, or as dependants of persons lawfully in or entering the United Kingdom. (5)The rules shall be so framed that Commonwealth citizens settled in the United Kingdom at the coming into force of this Act and their wives and children are not, by virtue of anything in the rules, any less free to come into and go from the United Kingdom than if this Act had not been passed. 2Statement of right of abode, and related amendments as to citizenship by registration (1)A person is under this Act to have the right of abode in the United Kingdom if— (a)he is a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies who has that citizenship by his birth, adoption, naturalisation or (except as mentioned below) registration in the United Kingdom or in any of the Islands; or (b)he is a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies born to or legally adopted by a parent who had that citizenship at the time of the birth or adoption, and the parent either— (i)then had that citizenship by his birth, adoption, naturalisation or (except as mentioned below) registration in the United Kingdom or in any of the Islands; or (ii)had been born to or legally adopted by a parent who at the time of that birth or adoption so had it; or (c)he is a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies who has at any time been settled in the United Kingdom and Islands and had at that time (and while such a citizen) been ordinarily resident there for the last five years or more ; or (d)he is a Commonwealth citizen born to or legally adopted by a parent who at the time of the birth or adoption had citizenship of the United Kingdom and Colonies by his birth in the United Kingdom or in any of the Islands. (2)A woman is under this Act also to have the right of abode in the United Kingdom if she is a Commonwealth citizen and either— (a)is the wife of any such citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies as is mentioned in subsection (1)(a), (b) or (c) above or any such Commonwealth citizen as is mentioned in subsection (1)(d); or (b)has at any time been the wife— (i)of a person then being such a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies or Commonwealth citizen; or (ii)of a British subject who but for his death would on the date of commencement of the British Nationality Act 1948 have been such a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies as is mentioned in subsection (1)(a) or (b);but in subsection (1)(a) and (b) above references to registration as a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies shall not, in the case of a woman, include registration after the passing of this Act under or by virtue of section 6(2) (wives) of the British Nationality Act 1948 unless she is so registered by virtue of her marriage to a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies before the passing of this Act. (3)In relation to the parent of a child born after the parent's death, references in subsection (1) above to the time of the child's birth shall be replaced by references to the time of the parent's death; and for purposes of that subsection— (a)" parent" includes the mother of an illegitimate child; and (b)references to birth in the United Kingdom shall include birth on a ship or aircraft registered in the United Kingdom, or on an unregistered ship or aircraft of the Government of the United Kingdom, and similarly with references to birth in any of the Islands; and (c)references to citizenship of the United Kingdom and Colonies shall, in relation to a time before the year 1949, be construed as references to British nationality and, in relation to British nationality and to a time before the 31st March 1922, "the United Kingdom" shall mean Great Britain and Ireland ; and (d)subject to section 8(5) below, references to a person being settled in the United Kingdom and Islands are references to his being ordinarily resident there without being subject under the immigration laws to any restriction on the period for which he may remain. (4)In subsection (1) above, any reference to registration in the United Kingdom shall extend also to registration under arrangements made by virtue of section 8(2) of the British Nationality Act 1948 (registration in independent Commonwealth country by United Kingdom High Commissioner), but, in the case of a registration by virtue of section 7 (children) of that Act, only if the registration was effected before the passing of this Act. (5)The law with respect to registration as a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies shall be modified as provided by Schedule 1 to this Act. (6)In the following provisions of this Act the word " patrial " is used of persons having the right of abode in the United Kingdom. 3General provisions for regulation and control (1)Except as otherwise provided by or under this Act, where a person is not patrial— (a)he shall not enter the United Kingdom unless given leave to do so in accordance with this Act; (b)he may be given leave to enter the United Kingdom (or,when already there, leave to remain in the United Kingdom) either for a limited or for an indefinite period; (c)if he is given a limited leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom, it may be given subject to conditions restricting his employment or occupation in the United Kingdom, or requiring him to register with the police, or both. (2)The Secretary of State shall from time to time (and as soon as may be) lay before Parliament statements of the rules, or of any changes in the rules, laid down by him as to the practice to be followed in the administration of this Act for regulating the entry into and stay in the United Kingdom of persons required by this Act to have leave to enter, including any rules as to the period for which leave is to be given and the conditions to be attached in different circumstances ; and section 1(4) above shall not be taken to require uniform provision to be made by the rules as regards admission of persons for a purpose or in a capacity specified in section 1(4) (and in particular, for this as well as other purposes of this Act, account may be taken of citizenship or nationality). If a statement laid before either House of Parliament under this subsection is disapproved by a resolution of that House passed within the period of forty days beginning with the date of laying (and exclusive of any period during which Parliament is dissolved or prorogued or during which both Houses are adjourned for more than four days), then the Secretary of State shall as soon as may be make such changes or further changes in the rules as appear to him to be required in the circumstances, so that the statement of those changes be laid before Parliament at latest by the end of the period of forty days beginning with the date of the resolution (but exclusive as aforesaid). (3)In the case of a limited leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom,— (a)a person's leave may be varied, whether by restricting,enlarging or removing the limit on its duration, or by adding, varying or revoking conditions, but if the limit on its duration is removed, any conditions attached to the leave shall cease to apply; and (b)the limitation on and any conditions attached to a person's leave may be imposed (whether originally or on a variation) so that they will, if not superseded, apply also to any subsequent leave he may obtain after an absence from the United Kingdom within the period limited for the duration of the earlier leave. (4)A person's leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom shall lapse on his going to a country or territory outside the common travel area (whether or not he lands there), unless within the period for which he had leave he returns to the United Kingdom in circumstances in which he is not required to obtain leave to enter; but, if he does so return, his previous leave (and any limitation on it or conditions attached to it) shall continue to apply. (5)A person who is not patrial shall be liable to deportation from the United Kingdom— (a)if, having only a limited leave to enter or remain, he does not observe a condition attached to the leave or remains beyond the time limited by the leave; or (b)if the Secretary of State deems his deportation to be conducive to the public good; or (c)if another person to whose family he belongs is or has been ordered to be deported. (6)Without prejudice to the operation of subsection (5) above, a person who is not patrial shall also be liable to deportation from the United Kingdom if, after he has attained the age of seventeen, he is convicted of an offence for which he is punishable with imprisonment and on his conviction is recommended for deportation by a court empowered by this Act to do so. (7)Where it appears to Her Majesty proper so to do by reason of restrictions or conditions imposed on citizens of the United Kingdom and Colonies when leaving or seeking to leave any country or the territory subject to the government of any country, Her Majesty may by Order in Council make provision for prohibiting persons who are nationals or citizens of that country and are not patrial from embarking in the United Kingdom, or from doing so elsewhere than at a port of exit, or for imposing restrictions or conditions on them when embarking or about to embark in the United Kingdom; and Her Majesty may also make provision by Order in Council to enable those who are not patrial to be, in such cases as may be prescribed by the Order, prohibited in the interests of safety from so embarking on a ship or aircraft specified or indicated in the prohibition. Any Order in Council under this subsection shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. (8)When any question arises under this Act whether or not a person is patrial, or is entitled to any exemption under this Act, it shall lie on the person asserting it to prove that he is. (9)A person seeking to enter the United Kingdom and claiming to be patrial by virtue of section 2(1)(c) or (d) or section 2(2) above shall prove it by means of such certificate of patriality as may be specified in the immigration rules, unless in the case of a woman claiming to be patrial by virtue of section 2(2) she shows that she is a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies and is patrial by virtue of section 2(2) apart from any reference therein to section 2(1)(c) or (d). 4Administration of control (1)The power under this Act to give or refuse leave to enter the United Kingdom shall be exercised by immigration officers, and the power to give leave to remain in the United Kingdom, or to vary any leave under section 3 (3)(a) (whether as regards duration or conditions), shall be exercised by the Secretary of State; and, unless otherwise allowed by this Act, those powers shall be exercised by notice in writing given to the person affected, except that the powers under section 3(3)(a) may be exercised generally in respect of any class of persons by order made by statutory instrument. (2)The provisions of Schedule 2 to this Act shall have effect with respect to— (a)the appointment and powers of immigration officers and medical inspectors for purposes of this Act; (b)the examination of persons arriving in or leaving the United Kingdom by ship or aircraft, and the special powers exercisable in the case of those who arrive as, or with a view to becoming, members of the crews of ships and aircraft; and (c)the exercise by immigration officers of their powers in relation to entry into the United Kingdom, and the removal from the United Kingdom of persons refused leave to enter or entering or remaining unlawfully; and (d)the detention of persons pending examination or pending removal from the United Kingdom;and for other purposes supplementary to the foregoing provisions of this Act. (3)The Secretary of State may by regulations made by statutory instrument, which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament, make provision as to the effect of a condition under this Act requiring a person to register with the police; and the regulations may include provision— (a)as to the officers of police by whom registers are to be maintained, and as to the form and content of the registers; (b)as to the place and manner in which anyone is to register and as to the documents and information to be furnished by him, whether on registration or on any change of circumstances; (c)as to the issue of certificates of registration and as to the payment of fees for certificates of registration;and the regulations may require anyone who is for the time being subject to such a condition to produce a certificate of registration to such persons and in such circumstances as may be prescribed by the regulations. (4)The Secretary of State may by order made by statutory instrument, which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament, make such provision as appears to him to be expedient in connection with this Act for records to be made and kept of persons staying at hotels and other premises where lodging or sleeping accommodation is provided, and for persons (whether patrial or not) who stay at any such premises to supply the necessary information. 5Procedure for, and further provisions as to, deportation (1)Where a person is under section 3(5) or (6) above liable to deportation, then subject to the following provisions of this Act the Secretary of State may make a deportation order against him, that is to say an order requiring him to leave and prohibiting him from entering the United Kingdom; and a deportation order against a person shall invalidate any leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom given him before the order is made or while it is in force. (2)A deportation order against a person may at any time be revoked by a further order of the Secretary of State, and shall cease to have effect if he becomes patrial. (3)A deportation order shall not be made against a person as belonging to the family of another person if more than eight weeks have elapsed since the other person left the United Kingdom after the making of the deportation order against him ; and a deportation order made against a person on that ground shall cease to have effect if he ceases to belong to the family of the other person, or if the deportation order made against the other person ceases to have effect. (4)For purposes of deportation the following shall be those who are regarded as belonging to another person's family— (a)where that other person is a man, his wife and his or her children under the age of eighteen; and (b)where that other person is a woman, her children under the age of eighteen ;and for purposes of this subsection an adopted child, whether legally adopted or not, may be treated as the child of the adopter and, if legally adopted, shall be regarded as the child only of the adopter; an illegitimate child (subject to the foregoing rule as to adoptions) shall be regarded as the child of the mother ; and " wife " includes each of two or more wives. (5)The provisions of Schedule 3 to this Act shall have effect with respect to the removal from the United Kingdom of persons against whom deportation orders are in force and with respect to the detention or control of persons in connection with ' deportation. (6)Where a person is liable to deportation under section 3(5)(c) or (6) above but, without a deportation order being made against him, leaves the United Kingdom to live permanently abroad, the Secretary of State may make payments of such amounts as he may determine to meet that person's expenses in so leaving the United Kingdom, including travelling expenses for members of his family or household. 6Recommendations by court for deportation (1)Where under section 3(6) above a person convicted of an offence is liable to deportation on the recommendation of a court, he may be recommended for deportation by any court having power to sentence him for the offence unless the court commits him to be sentenced or further dealt with for that offence by another court:Provided that in Scotland the power to recommend a person for deportation shall be exercisable only by the sheriff or the High Court of Justiciary, and shall not be exercisable by the latter on an appeal unless the appeal is against a conviction on indictment or against a sentence upon such a conviction. (2)A court shall not recommend a person for deportation unless he has been given not less than seven days notice in writing stating that a person is not liable to deportation if he is patrial, describing the persons who are patrial and stating (so far as material) the effect of section 3(8) above and section 7 below ; but the powers of adjournment conferred by section 14(3) of the Magistrates' Courts Act 1952, section 26 of the Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1949 or any corresponding enactment for the time being in force in Northern Ireland shall include power to adjourn, after convicting an offender, for the purpose of enabling a notice to be given to him under this subsection or, if a notice was so given to him less than seven days previously, for the purpose of enabling the necessary seven days to elapse. (3)For purposes of section 3(6) above— (a)a person shall be deemed to have attained the age of seventeen at the time of his conviction if, on consideration of any available evidence, he appears to have done so to the court making or considering a recommendation for deportation ; and (b)the question whether an offence is one for which a person is punishable with imprisonment shall be determined without regard to any enactment restricting the imprisonment of young offenders or first offenders;and for purposes of deportation a person who on being charged with an offence is found to have committed it shall, notwithstanding any enactment to the contrary and notwithstanding that the court does not proceed to conviction, be regarded as a person convicted of the offence, and references to conviction shall be construed accordingly. (4)Notwithstanding any rule of practice restricting the matters which ought to be taken into account in dealing with an offender who is sentenced to imprisonment, a recommendation for deportation may be made in respect of an offender who is sentenced to imprisonment for life. (5)Where a court recommends or purports to recommend a person for deportation, the validity of the recommendation shall not be called in question except on an appeal against the recommendation or against the conviction on which it is made ; but— (a)except in Scotland, the recommendation shall be treated as a sentence for the purpose of any enactment providing an appeal against sentence ; and (b)in Scotland, a person recommended for deportation may, without prejudice to any other form of appeal under any rule of law, appeal against the recommendation in the same manner as against a conviction. (6)A deportation order shall not be made on the recommendation of a court so long as an appeal or further appeal is pending against the recommendation or against the conviction on which it was made ; and for this purpose an appeal or further appeal shall be treated as pending (where one is competent but has not been brought) until the expiration of the time for bringing that appeal or, in Scotland, until the expiration of twenty-eight days from the date of the recommendation. (7)For the purpose of giving effect to any of the provisions of this section in its application to Scotland, the High Court of Justiciary shall have power to make rules by act of adjournal. 7Exemption from deportation for certain existing residents (1)Notwithstanding anything in section 3(5) or (6) above but subject to the provisions of this section, a Commonwealth citizen or citizen of the Republic of Ireland who was such a citizen at the coming into force of this Act and was then ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom— (a)shall not be liable to deportation under section 3(5)(b) if at the time of the Secretary of State's decision he had at all times since the coming into force of this Act been ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom and Islands; and (b)shall not be liable to deportation under section 3(5)(a), (b)or (c) if at the time of the Secretary of State's decision he had for the last five years been ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom and Islands ; and (c)shall not on conviction of an offence be recommended for deportation under section 3(6) if at the time of the conviction he had for the last five years been ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom and Islands. (2)A person who has at any time become ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom or in any of the Islands shall not be treated for the purposes of this section as having ceased to be so by reason only of his having remained there in breach of the immigration laws. (3)The "last five years" before the material time under subsection (1)(b) or (c) above is to be taken as a period amounting in total to five years exclusive of any time during which the person claiming exemption under this section was undergoing imprisonment or detention by virtue of a sentence passed for an offence on a conviction in the United Kingdom and Islands, and the period for which he was imprisoned or detained by virtue of the sentence amounted to six months or more. (4)For purposes of subsection (3) above— (a)" sentence " includes any order made on conviction of an offence; and (b)two or more sentences for consecutive (or partly consecutive) terms shall be treated as a single sentence; and (c)a person shall be deemed to be detained by virtue of a sentence— (i)at any time when he is liable to imprisonment or detention by virtue of the sentence, but is unlawfully at large; and (ii)(unless the sentence is passed after the material time) during any period of custody by which under any relevant enactment the term to be served under the sentence is reduced. In paragraph (c)(ii) above " relevant enactment" means section 67 of the Criminal Justice Act 1967 (or, before that section operated, section 17(2) of the Criminal Justice Administration Act 1962) and any similar enactment which is for the time being or has (before or after the passing of this Act) been in force in any part of the United Kingdom and Islands. (5)Nothing in this section shall be taken to exclude the operation of section 3(8) above in relation to an exemption under this section. 8Exceptions for seamen, aircrews and other special cases (1)Where a person arrives at a place in the United Kingdom as a member of the crew of a ship or aircraft under an engagement requiring him to leave on that ship as a member of the crew, or to leave within seven days on that or another aircraft as a member of its crew, then unless either— (a)there is in force a deportation order made against him;or (b)he has at any time been refused leave to enter the United Kingdom and has not since then been given leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom; or (c)an immigration officer requires him to submit to examination in accordance with Schedule 2 to this Act;he may without leave enter the United Kingdom at that place and remain until the departure of the ship or aircraft on which he is required by his engagement to leave. (2)The Secretary of State may by order exempt any person or class of persons, either unconditionally or subject to such conditions as may be imposed by or under the order, from all or any of the provisions of this Act relating to those who are not patrial. An order under this subsection, if made with respect to a class of persons, shall be made by statutory instrument, which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. (3)The provisions of this Act relating to those who are not patrial shall not apply to any person so long as he is a member of a mission (within the meaning of the Diplomatic Privileges Act 1964), a person who is a member of the family and forms part of the household of such a member, or a person otherwise entitled to the like immunity from jurisdiction as is conferred by that Act on a diplomatic agent. (4)The provisions of this Act relating to those who are not patrial, other than the provisions relating to deportation, shall also not apply to any person so long as either— (a)he is subject, as a member of the home forces, to service law; or (b)being a member of a Commonwealth force or of a force raised under the law of any associated state, colony, protectorate or protected state, is undergoing or about to undergo training in the United Kingdom with any body, contingent or detachment of the home forces; or (c)he is serving or posted for service in the United Kingdom as a member of a visiting force or of any force raised as aforesaid or as a member of an international headquarters or defence organisation designated for the time being by an Order in Council under section 1 of the International Headquarters and Defence Organisations Act 1964. (5)Where a person having a limited leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom becomes entitled to an exemption under this section, that leave shall continue to apply after he ceases to be entitled to the exemption, unless it has by then expired; and a person is not to be regarded for purposes of this Act as having been settled in the United Kingdom and Islands at any time when he was entitled to an exemption under subsection (3) or (4)(b) or (c) above or, unless the order otherwise provides, under subsection (2) or to any corresponding exemption under the former immigration laws or under the immigration laws of any of the Islands. (6)In this section " the home forces " means any of Her Majesty's forces other than a Commonwealth force or a force raised under the law of any associated state, colony, protectorate or protected state ; " Commonwealth force " means a force of any country to which provisions of the Visiting Forces Act 1952 apply without an Order in Council under section 1 of the Act; and " visiting force " means a body, contingent or detachment of the forces of a country to which any of those provisions apply, being a body, contingent or detachment for the time being present in the United Kingdom on the invitation of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. 9Further provisions as to common travel area (1)Subject to subsection (5) below, the provisions of Schedule 4 to this Act shall have effect for the purpose of taking account in the United Kingdom of the operation in any of the Islands of the immigration laws there. (2)Persons who lawfully enter the United Kingdom on a local journey from a place in the common travel area after having either— (a)entered any of the Islands or the Republic of Ireland on coming from a place outside the common travel area; or (b)left the United Kingdom while having a limited leave to enter or remain which has since expired ;if they are not patrial (and are not to be regarded under Schedule 4 to this Act as having leave to enter the United Kingdom), shall be subject in the United Kingdom to such restrictions on the period for which they may remain, and such conditions restricting their employment or occupation or requiring them to register with the police or both, as may be imposed by an order of the Secretary of State and may be applicable to them. (3)Any provision of this Act applying to a limited leave or to conditions attached to a limited leave shall, unless otherwise provided, have effect in relation to a person subject to any restriction or condition by virtue of an order under subsection (2) above as if the provisions of the order applicable to him were terms on which he had been given leave under this Act to enter the United Kingdom. (4)Section 1(3) above shall not be taken to affect the operation of a deportation order; and, subject to Schedule 4 to this Act, a person who is not patrial may not by virtue of section 1(3) enter the United Kingdom without leave on a local journey from a place in the common travel area if either— (a)he is on arrival in the United Kingdom given written notice by an immigration officer stating that, the Secretary of State having issued directions for him not to be given entry to the United Kingdom on the ground that his exclusion is conducive to the public good as being in the interests of national security, he is accordingly refused leave to enter the United Kingdom ; or (b)he has at any time been refused leave to enter the United Kingdom and has not since then been given leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom. (5)If it appears to the Secretary of State necessary so to do by reason of differences between the immigration laws of the United Kingdom and any of the Islands, he may by order exclude that island from section 1(3) above for such purposes as may be specified in the order, and references in this Act to the Islands other than any reference in section 2 shall apply to an island so excluded so far only as may be provided by order of the Secretary of State. (6)The Secretary of State shall also have power by order to exclude the Republic of Ireland from section 1(3) for such purposes as may be specified in the order. (7)An order of the Secretary of State under this section shall be made by statutory instrument, which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. 10Entry otherwise than by sea or air (1)Her Majesty may by Order in Council direct that any of the provisions of this Act shall have effect in relation to persons entering or seeking to enter the United Kingdom on arrival otherwise than by ship or aircraft as they have effect in the case of a person arriving by ship or aircraft; and any such Order may make such adaptations or modifications of those provisions, and such provisions supplementary thereto, as appear to Her Majesty to be necessary or expedient for the purposes of the Order. (2)The provision made by an Order in Council under this section may include provision for excluding the Republic of Ireland from section 1 (3) of this Act either generally or for any specified purposes. (3)No recommendation shall be made to Her Majesty to make an Order in Council under this section unless a draft of the Order has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament. 11Construction of references to entry, and other phrases relating to travel (1)A person arriving in the United Kingdom by ship or aircraft shall for purposes of this Act be deemed not to enter the United Kingdom unless and until he disembarks, and on disembarkation at a port shall further be deemed not to enter the United Kingdom so long as he remains in such area (if any) at the port as may be approved for this purpose by an immigration officer ; and a person who has not otherwise entered the United Kingdom shall be deemed not to do so as long as he is detained, or temporarily admitted or released while liable to detention, under the powers conferred by Schedule 2 to this Act. (2)In this Act " disembark " means disembark from a ship or aircraft, and " embark " means embark in a ship or aircraft; and, except in subsection (1) above,— (a)references to disembarking in the United Kingdom do not apply to disembarking after a local journey from a place in the United Kingdom or elsewhere in the common travel area; and (b)references to embarking in the United Kingdom do not apply to embarking for a local journey to a place in the United Kingdom or elsewhere in the common travel area. (3)Except in so far as the context otherwise requires, references in this Act to arriving in the United Kingdom by ship shall extend to arrival by any floating structure, and " disembark " shall be construed accordingly; but the provisions of this Act specially relating to members of the crew of a ship shall not by virtue of this provision apply in relation to any floating structure not being a ship. (4)For purposes of this Act " common travel area " has the meaning given by section 1(3), and a journey is, in relation to the common travel area, a local journey if but only if it begins and ends in the common travel area and is not made by a ship or aircraft which— (a)in the case of a journey to a place in the United Kingdom, began its voyage from, or has during its voyage called at, a place not in the common travel area ; or (b)in the case of a journey from a place in the United Kingdom, is due to end its voyage in, or call in the course of its voyage at, a place not in the common travel area. (5)A person who enters the United Kingdom lawfully by virtue of section 8(1) above, and seeks to remain beyond the time limited by section 8(1), shall be treated for purposes of this Act as seeking to enter the United Kingdom. Part II Appeals The appellate authorities 12Immigration Appeal Tribunal and adjudicators The Immigration Appeal Tribunal and adjudicators provided for by the Immigration Appeals Act 1969 shall continue for purposes of this Act, and— (a)members of the Tribunal shall continue to be appointed by the Lord Chancellor and adjudicators by the Secretary of State; and (b)the provisions of Schedule 1 to that Act shall continue to apply, as set out in Schedule 5 to this Act with the required adaptation of references to that Act, but with the substitution also of references to the Minister for the Civil Service for references to the Treasury. Appeals to adjudicator or Tribunal in first instance 13Appeals against exclusion from United Kingdom (1)Subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act, a person who is refused leave to enter the United Kingdom under this Act may appeal to an adjudicator against the decision that he requires leave or against the refusal. (2)Subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act, a person who, on an application duly made, is refused a certificate of patriality or an entry clearance may appeal to an adjudicator against the refusal. (3)A person not holding a certificate of patriality shall not be entitled to appeal on the ground that he is patrial by virtue of section 2(1)(c) or (d) or section 2(2) above against a decision that he requires leave to enter the United Kingdom unless in the case of a woman who is a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies the ground of appeal is that she is patrial by virtue of section 2(2) apart from any reference therein to section 2(1)(c) or (d); and a person shall not be entitled to appeal against a refusal of leave to enter so long as he is in the United Kingdom, unless he was refused leave at a port of entry and at a time when he held a current entry clearance or was a person named in a current work permit. (4)An appeal against a refusal of leave to enter shall be dismissed by the adjudicator if he is satisfied that the appellant was at the time of the refusal an illegal entrant, and an appeal against a refusal of an entry clearance shall be dismissed by the adjudicator if he is satisfied that a deportation order was at the time of the refusal in force in respect of the appellant. (5)A person shall not be entitled to appeal against a refusal of leave to enter, or against a refusal of an entry clearance, if the Secretary of State certifies that directions have been given by the Secretary of State (and not by a person acting under his authority) for the appellant not to be given entry to the United Kingdom on the ground that his exclusion is conducive to the public good, or if the leave to enter or entry clearance was refused in obedience to any such directions. 14Appeals against conditions (1)Subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act, a person who has a limited leave under this Act to enter or remain in the United Kingdom may appeal to an adjudicator against any variation of the leave (whether as regards duration or conditions), or against any refusal to vary it; and a variation shall not take effect so long as an appeal is pending under this subsection against the variation, nor shall an appellant be required to leave the United Kingdom by reason of the expiration of his leave so long as his appeal is pending under this subsection against a refusal to enlarge or remove the limit on the duration of the leave. (2)Subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act, a person who, on ceasing to be entitled to an exemption under any provision of section 8 above other than section 8(1), or on ceasing while in the United Kingdom to be patrial, is given a limited leave to remain may appeal to an adjudicator against any provision limiting the duration of the leave or attaching a condition to it; and so long as an appeal is pending under this subsection against any provision, effect shall not be given to that provision. (3)A person shall not be entitled to appeal under subsection (1) above against any variation of his leave which reduces its duration, or against any refusal to enlarge or remove the limit on its duration, if the Secretary of State certifies that the appellant's departure from the United Kingdom would be conducive to the public good, as being in the interests of national security or of the relations between the United Kingdom and any other country or for other reasons of a political nature, or the decision questioned by the appeal was taken on that ground by the Secretary of State (and not by a person acting under his authority). (4)A person shall not be entitled to appeal under subsection (1) above against any variation made by statutory instrument, or against any refusal of the Secretary of State to make a statutory instrument. 15Appeals in respect of deportation orders (1)Subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act, a person may appeal to an adjudicator against— (a)a decision of the Secretary of State to make a deportation order against him by virtue of section 3(5) above; or (b)a refusal by the Secretary of State to revoke a deportation order made against him. (2)A deportation order shall not be made against a person by virtue of section 3(5) above so long as an appeal may be brought against the decision to make it nor, if such an appeal is duly brought, so long as the appeal is pending; but, in calculating the period of eight weeks limited by section 5(3) above for making a deportation order against a person as belonging to the family of another person, there shall be disregarded any period during which there is pending an appeal against the decision to make it. (3)A person shall not be entitled to appeal against a decision to make a deportation order against him if the ground of the decision was that his deportation is conducive to the public good as being in the interests of national security or of the relations between the United Kingdom and any other country or for other reasons of a political nature. (4)A person shall not be entitled to appeal under this section against a refusal to revoke a deportation order, if the Secretary of State certifies that the appellant's exclusion from the United Kingdom is conducive to the public good or if revocation was refused on that ground by the Secretary of State (and not by a person acting under his authority). (5)A person shall not be entitled to appeal under this section against a refusal to revoke a deportation order so long as he is in the United Kingdom, whether because he has not complied with the requirement to leave or because he has contravened the prohibition on entering. (6)On an appeal against a decision to make a deportation order against a person as belonging to the family of another person, or an appeal against a refusal to revoke a deportation order so made, the appellant shall not be allowed, for the purpose of showing that he does not or did not belong to another person's family, to dispute any statement made with a view to obtaining leave for the appellant to enter or remain in the United Kingdom (including any statement made to obtain an entry clearance) unless the appellant shows that the statement was not so made by him or by any person acting with his authority and that, when he took the benefit of the leave, he did not know any such statement had been made to obtain it or, if he did know, was under the age of eighteen. (7)An appeal under this section shall be to the Appeal Tribunal in the first instance, instead of to an adjudicator, if— (a)it is an appeal against a decision to make a deportation order and the ground of the decision was that the deportation of the appellant is conducive to the public good; or (b)it is an appeal against a decision to make a deportation order against a person as belonging to the family of another person, or an appeal against a refusal to revoke a deportation order so made; or (c)there is pending a related appeal to which paragraph (b) above applies. (8)Where an appeal to an adjudicator is pending under this section, and before the adjudicator has begun to hear it a related appeal is brought, the appeal to the adjudicator shall be dealt with instead by the Appeal Tribunal and be treated as an appeal duly made to the Tribunal in the first instance. (9)In relation to an appeal under this section in respect of a deportation order against any person (whether an appeal against a decision to make or against a refusal to revoke the order), any other appeal under this section is a " related appeal" if it is an appeal in respect of a deportation order against another person as belonging to the- family of the first-mentioned person. 16Appeals against validity of directions for removal (1)Subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act, where directions are given under this Act for a person's removal from the United Kingdom either— (a)on the ground that he is an illegal entrant or on the ground specifically that he has entered the United Kingdom in breach of a deportation order; or (b)under the special powers conferred by Schedule 2 to this Act in relation to members of the crew of a ship or aircraft or persons coming to the United Kingdom to join a ship or aircraft as a member of the crew;then he may appeal to an adjudicator against those directions on the ground that in the facts of his case there was in law no power to give them on the ground on which they were given. (2)A person shall not be entitled to appeal under this section so long as he is in the United Kingdom, unless he is appealing against directions given by virtue of a deportation order (whether on the ground specifically that he has returned in breach of that order or on the ground that he is an illegal entrant) and is appealing on the ground that he is not the person named in that order. (3)Where a person appeals under this section against directions given by virtue of a deportation order, he shall not be allowed to dispute the original validity of that order. (4)An appeal under this section against directions given as mentioned in subsection (1)(b) shall be dismissed by the adjudicator, notwithstanding that the ground of appeal may be made out, if he is satisfied that there was power to give the like directions on the ground that the appellant was an illegal entrant. 17Appeals against removal on objection to destination (1)Subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act, where directions are given under this Act for a person's removal from the United Kingdom either— (a)on his being refused leave to enter ; or (b)on a deportation order being made against him; or (c)on his having entered the United Kingdom in breach of a deportation order;he may appeal to an adjudicator against the directions on the ground that he ought to be removed (if at all) to a different country or territory specified by him. (2)Where a person appeals under section 13(1) above on being refused leave to enter the United Kingdom, and either— (a)before he does so, directions have been given for his removal from the United Kingdom to any country or territory; or (b)before or after he does so, the Secretary of State or an immigration officer serves on him notice that any directions which may be given for his removal by virtue of the refusal will be for his removal to a country or territory or one of several countries or territories specified in the notice ;then he may on that appeal object to the country or territory to which he would be removed in pursuance of the directions, or to that specified in the notice (or to one or more of those specified), and claim that he ought to be removed (if at all) to a different country or territory specified by him. (3)Where a person appeals under section 15 above against a decision to make a deportation order against him, and before or after he does so the Secretary of State serves on him notice that any directions which may be given for his removal by virtue of the deportation order will be for his removal to a country or territory or one of several countries or territories specified in the notice, then he may on that appeal object to the country or territory specified in the notice (or to one or more of those specified), and claim that he ought to be removed (if at all) to a different country or territory specified by him. (4)Where by virtue of subsection (2) or (3) above a person is able to object to a country or territory on an appeal under section 13(1) or 15, and either he does not object to it on that appeal or his objection to it on that appeal is not sustained, then he shall not be entitled to appeal under this section against any directions subsequently given by virtue of the refusal or order in question, if their effect will be his removal to that country or territory. (5)A person shall not be entitled to appeal under this section against any directions given on his being refused leave to enter the United Kingdom, unless either he is also appealing under section 13(1) against the decision that he requires leave to enter or he was refused leave at a port of entry and at a time when he held a current entry clearance or was a person named in a current work permit. 18Notice of matters in respect of which there are rights of appeal (1)The Secretary of State may by regulations provide— (a)for written notice to be given to a person of any such decision or action taken in respect of him as is appealable under this Part of this Act (whether or not he is in the facts of his case entitled to appeal) or would be so appealable but for the ground on which it is taken; (b)for any such notice to include a statement of the reasons for the decision or action and, where the action is the giving of directions for the removal of any person from the United Kingdom, of the country or territory to which he is to be removed ; (c)for any such notice to be accompanied by a statement containing particulars of the rights of appeal available under this Part of this Act and of the procedure by which those rights may be exercised; (d)for the form of any such notice or statement and the way in which a notice is to be or may be given. (2)For the purpose of any proceedings under this Part of this Act a statement included in a notice in pursuance of regulations under this section shall be conclusive of the person by whom and of the ground on which any decision or action was taken. (3)The power to make regulations under this section shall be exercisable by statutory instrument, and any statutory instrument containing such regulations shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. 19Determination of appeals by adjudicators (1)Subject to sections 13(4) and 16(4) above, and to any restriction on the grounds of appeal, an adjudicator on an appeal to him under this Part of this Act— (a)shall allow the appeal if he considers— (i)that the decision or action against which the appeal is brought was not in accordance with the law or with any immigration rules applicable to the case; or (ii)where the decision or action involved the exercise of a discretion by the Secretary of State or an officer, that the discretion should have been exercised differently; and (b)in any other case, shall dismiss the appeal. (2)For the purposes of subsection (1)(a) above the adjudicator may review any determination of a question of fact on which the decision or action was based; and for the purposes of subsection (1)(a)(ii) no decision or action which is in accordance with the immigration rules shall be treated as having involved the exercise of a discretion by the Secretary of State by reason only of the fact that he has been requested by or on behalf of the appellant to depart, or to authorise an officer to depart, from the rules and has refused to do so. (3)Where an appeal is allowed, the adjudicator shall give such directions for giving effect to the determination as the adjudicator thinks requisite, and may also make recommendations with respect to any other action which the adjudicator considers should be taken in the case under this Act; and, subject to section 20(2) below, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of State and of any officer to whom directions are given under this subsection to comply with them. (4)Where in accordance with section 15 above a person appeals to the Appeal Tribunal in the first instance, this section shall apply with the substitution of references to the Tribunal for references to an adjudicator. Appeals from adjudicator to Tribunal, and review of decisions 20Appeal to Tribunal from determination of adjudicator (1)Subject to any requirement of rules of procedure as to leave to appeal, any party to an appeal to an adjudicator may, if dissatisfied with his determination thereon, appeal to the Appeal Tribunal, and the Tribunal may affirm the determination or make any other determination which could have been made by the adjudicator. (2)Directions given by an adjudicator under section 19(3) above need not be complied with so long as an appeal can be brought against his determination and, if such an appeal is duly brought, so long as the appeal is pending; and if the Tribunal affirm his determination allowing the appeal, they may alter or add to his directions and recommendations under section 19(3) or replace them with their own directions and recommendations, and the provisions of that subsection shall apply to directions given by them accordingly. (3)Where an appeal is dismissed by an adjudicator but allowed by the Tribunal, section 19(3) above shall apply with the substitution of references to the Tribunal for references to the adjudicator. 21Reference of cases for further consideration (1)Where in any case— (a)an adjudicator has dismissed an appeal, and there has been no further appeal to the Appeal Tribunal, or the Tribunal has dismissed an appeal made to them in the first instance by virtue of section 15 above; or (b)the Appeal Tribunal has affirmed the determination of an adjudicator dismissing an appeal, or reversed the determination of an adjudicator allowing an appeal;the Secretary of State may at any time refer for consideration under this section any matter relating to the case which was not before the adjudicator or Tribunal. (2)Any reference under this section shall be to an adjudicator or to the Appeal Tribunal, and the adjudicator or Tribunal shall consider the matter which is the subject of the reference and report to the Secretary of State the opinion of the adjudicator or Tribunal thereon. Supplementary 22Procedure (1)The Secretary of State may make rules (in this Act referred to as " rules of procedure ")— (a)for regulating the exercise of the rights of appeal conferred by this Part of this Act; (b)for prescribing the practice and procedure to be followed on or in connection with appeals thereunder, including the mode and burden of proof and admissibility of evidence on such an appeal; and (c)for other matters preliminary or incidental to or arising out of such appeals, including proof of the decisions of adjudicators or the Appeal Tribunal. (2)Rules of procedure may include provision— (a)enabling the Tribunal, on an appeal from an adjudicator,to remit the appeal to an adjudicator for determination by him in accordance with any directions of the Tribunal, or for further evidence to be obtained with a view to determination by the Tribunal; or (b)enabling any functions of the Tribunal which relate to matters preliminary or incidental to an appeal, or which are conferred by Part II of Schedule 2 to this Act, to be performed by a single member of the Tribunal; or (c)conferring on adjudicators or the Tribunal such ancillary powers as the Secretary of State thinks necessary for the purposes of the exercise of their functions. (3)The rules of procedure shall provide that any appellant shall have the right to be legally represented. (4)Where on an appeal under this Part of this Act it is alleged— (a)that a passport or other travel document, certificate of patriality, entry clearance or work permit (or any part thereof or entry therein) on which a party relies is a forgery; and (b)that the disclosure to that party of any matters relating to the method of detection would be contrary to the public interest;then (without prejudice to the generality of the power to make rules of procedure) the adjudicator or Tribunal shall arrange for the proceedings to take place in the absence of that party and his representatives while the allegation at (b) above is inquired into by the adjudicator or Tribunal and, if it appears to the adjudicator or Tribunal that the allegation is made out, for such further period as appears necessary in order to ensure that those matters can be presented to the adjudicator or Tribunal without any disclosure being directly or indirectly made contrary to the public interest. (5)If under the rules of procedure leave to appeal to the Tribunal is required in cases where an adjudicator dismisses an appeal under section 13 above, then the authority having power to grant leave to appeal shall grant it— (a)in any case where the appeal was against a decision that the appellant required leave to enter the United Kingdom, and the authority is satisfied that at the time of the decision he held a certificate of patriality; and (b)in any case where the appeal was against a refusal of leave to enter, and the authority is satisfied that at the time of the refusal the appellant held an entry clearance and that the dismissal of the appeal was not required by section 13(4). (6)A person who is required under or in accordance with rules of procedure to attend and give evidence or produce documents before an adjudicator or the Tribunal, and fails without reasonable excuse to comply with the requirement, shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £100. (7)The power to make rules of procedure shall be exercisable by statutory instrument, which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. 23Financial support for organisations helping persons with rights of appeal The Secretary of State may with the consent of the Treasury make grants to any voluntary organisation which provides advice or assistance for, or other services for the welfare of, persons who have rights of appeal under this Part of this Act. Part III Criminal Proceedings 24Illegal entry and similar offences (1)A person who is not patrial shall be guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction with a fine of not more than £200 or with imprisonment for not more than six months, or with both, in any of the following cases:— (a)if contrary to this Act he knowingly enters the United Kingdom in breach of a deportation order or without leave; (b)if, having only a limited leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom, he knowingly either— (i)remains beyond the time limited by the leave; or (ii)fails to observe a condition of the leave ; (c)if, having lawfully entered the United Kingdom without leave by virtue of section 8(1) above, he remains without leave beyond the time allowed by section 8(1); (d)if, without reasonable excuse, he fails to comply with any requirement imposed on him under Schedule 2 to this Act to report to a medical officer of health, or to attend, or submit to a test or examination, as required by such an officer; (e)if, without reasonable excuse, he fails to observe any restriction imposed on him under Schedule 2 or 3 to this Act as to residence or as to reporting to the police or to an immigration officer; (f)if he disembarks in the United Kingdom from a ship or aircraft after being placed on board under Schedule 2 or 3 to this Act with a view to his removal from the United Kingdom; (g)if he embarks in contravention of a restriction imposed by or under an Order in Council under section 3(7) of this Act. (2)A constable or immigration officer may arrest without warrant anyone who has, or whom he, with reasonable cause, suspects to have, committed or attempted to commit an offence under this section other than an offence under subsection (1)(d) above. (3)The extended time limit for prosecutions which is provided for by section 28 below shall apply to offences under subsection (1)(a), (b)(i) and (c) above. (4)In proceedings for an offence against subsection (1)(a) above of entering the United Kingdom without leave,— (a)any stamp purporting to have been imprinted on a passport or other travel document by an immigration officer on a particular date for the purpose of giving leave shall be presumed to have been duly so imprinted, unless the contrary is proved ; (b)proof that a person had leave to enter the United Kingdom shall lie on the defence if, but only if, he is shown to have entered within six months before the date when the proceedings were commenced. 25Assisting illegal entry, and harbouring (1)Any person knowingly concerned in making or carrying out arrangements for securing or facilitating the entry into the United Kingdom of anyone whom he knows or has reasonable cause for believing to be an illegal entrant shall be guilty of an offence, punishable on summary conviction with a fine of not more than £400 or with imprisonment for not more than six months, or with both, or on conviction on indictment with a fine or with imprisonment for not more than seven years, or with both. (2)Without prejudice to subsection (1) above a person knowingly harbouring anyone whom he knows or has reasonable cause for believing to be either an illegal entrant or a person who has committed an offence under section 24(1)(b) or (c) above, shall be guilty of an offence, punishable on summary conviction with a fine of not more than £400 or with imprisonment for not more than six months, or with both. (3)A constable or immigration officer may arrest without warrant anyone who has, or whom he, with reasonable cause, suspects to have, committed an offence under subsection (1) above. (4)The extended time limit for prosecutions which is provided for by section 28 below shall apply to offences under this section. (5)Subsection (1) above shall apply to things done outside as well as to things done in the United Kingdom where they are done— (a)by a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies; (b)by a British subject by virtue of section 2 of the British Nationality Act 1948 (continuance of certain subjects of the Republic of Ireland as British subjects); (c)by a British subject without citizenship by virtue of section 13 or 16 of that Act (which relate respectively to British subjects whose citizenship had not been ascertained at the commencement of that Act and to persons who had ceased to be British on loss of British nationality by a parent); (d)by a British subject by virtue of the British Nationality Act 1965 ; or (e)by a British protected person (within the meaning of the British Nationality Act 1948). (6)Where a person convicted on indictment of an offence under subsection (1) above is at the time of the offence— (a)the owner or one of the owners of a ship, aircraft or vehicle used or intended to be used in carrying out the arrangements in respect of which the offence is committed ; or (b)a director or manager of a company which is the owner or one of the owners of any such ship, aircraft or vehicle; or (c)captain of any such ship or aircraft;then subject to subsections (7) and (8) below the court before which he is convicted may order the forfeiture of the ship, aircraft or vehicle. In this subsection (but not in subsection (7) below) " owner " in relation to a ship, aircraft or vehicle which is the subject of a hire-purchase agreement, includes the person in possession of it under that agreement and, in relation to a ship or aircraft, includes a charterer. (7)A court shall not order a ship or aircraft to be forfeited under subsection (6) above on a person's conviction, unless— (a)in the case of a ship, it is of less than 500 tons gross tonnage or, in the case of an aircraft (not being a hovercraft), it is of less than 5,700 kilogrammes operating weight; or (b)the person convicted is at the time of the offence the owner or one of the owners, or a director or manager of a company which is the owner or one of the owners, of the ship or aircraft; or (c)the ship or aircraft, under the arrangements in respect of which the offence is committed, has been used for bringing more than 20 persons at one time to the United Kingdom as illegal entrants, and the intention to use the ship or aircraft in bringing persons to the United Kingdom as illegal entrants was known to, or could by the exercise of reasonable diligence, have been discovered by, some person on whose conviction the ship or aircraft would have been liable to forfeiture in accordance with paragraph (b) above. In this subsection " operating weight" means in relation to an aircraft the maximum total weight of the aircraft and its contents at which the aircraft may take off anywhere in the world, in the most favourable circumstances, in accordance with the certificate of airworthiness in force in respect of the aircraft. (8)A court shall not order a ship, aircraft or vehicle to be forfeited under subsection (6) above, where a person claiming to be the owner of the ship, aircraft or vehicle or otherwise interested in it applies to be heard by the court, unless an opportunity has been given to him to show cause why the order should not be made. 26General offences in connection with administration of Act (1)A person shall be guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction with a fine of not more than £200 or with imprisonment for not more than six months, or with both, in any of the following cases— (a)if, without reasonable excuse, he refuses or fails to submit to examination under Schedule 2 to this Act; (b)if, without reasonable excuse, he refuses or fails to furnish or produce any information in his possession, or any documents in his possession or control, which he is on an examination under that Schedule required to furnish or produce; (c)if on any such examination or otherwise he makes or causes to be made to an immigration officer or other person lawfully acting in the execution of this Act a return, statement or representation which he knows to be false or does not believe to be true; (d)if, without lawful authority, he alters any certificate of patriality, entry clearance, work permit or other document issued or made under or for the purposes of this Act, or uses for the purposes of this Act, or has in his possession for such use, any passport, certificate of patriality, entry clearance, work permit or other document which he knows or has reasonable cause to believe to be false ; (e)if, without reasonable excuse, he fails to complete and produce a landing or embarkation card in accordance with any order under Schedule 2 to this Act; (f)if, without reasonable excuse, he fails to comply with any requirement of regulations under section 4(3) or of an order under section 4(4) above ; (g)if, without reasonable excuse, he obstructs an immigration officer or other person lawfully acting in the execution of this Act. (2)The extended time limit for prosecutions which is provided for by section 28 below shall apply to offences under subsection (1)(c) and (d) above. 27Offences by persons connected with ships or aircraft or with ports A person shall be guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction with a fine of not more than £200 or with imprisonment for not more than six months, or with both, in any of the following cases— (a)if, being the captain of a ship or aircraft,— (i)he knowingly permits a person to disembark in the United Kingdom when required under Schedule 2 or 3 to this Act to prevent it, or fails without reasonable excuse to take any steps he is required by or under Schedule 2 to take in connection with the disembarkation or examination of passengers or for furnishing a passenger list or particulars of members of the crew; or (ii)he fails, without reasonable excuse, to comply with any directions given him under Schedule 2 or 3 with respect to the removal of a person from the United Kingdom; (b)if, as owner or agent of a ship or aircraft,— (i)he arranges, or is knowingly concerned in any arrangements, for the ship or aircraft to call at a port other than a port of entry contrary to any provision of Schedule 2 to this Act; or (ii)he fails, without reasonable excuse, to take any steps required by an order under Schedule 2 for the supply to passengers of landing or embarkation cards; or (iii)he fails, without reasonable excuse, to make arrangements for the removal of a person from the United Kingdom when required to do so by directions given under Schedule 2 or 3 to this Act; (c)if, as owner or agent of a ship or aircraft or as a person concerned in the management of a port, he fails, without reasonable excuse, to take any steps required by Schedule 2 in relation to the embarkation or disembarkation of passengers where a control area is designated. 28Proceedings (1)Where the offence is one to which, under section 24, 25 or 26 above, an extended time limit for prosecutions is to apply, then— (a)an information relating to the offence may in England and Wales be tried by a magistrates' court if it is laid within six months after the commission of the offence, or if it is laid within three years after the commission of the offence and not more than two months after the date certified by a chief officer of police to be the date on which evidence sufficient to justify proceedings came, to the notice of an officer of his police force; and (b)summary proceedings for the offence may in Scotland be commenced within six months after the commission of the offence, or within three years after the commission of the offence and not more than two months after the date on which evidence sufficient in the opinion of the Lord Advocate to justify proceedings came to his knowledge; and (c)a complaint charging the commission of the offence may in Northern Ireland be heard and determined by a magistrates' court if it is made within six months after the commission of the offence, or if it is made within three years after the commission of the offence and not more than two months after the date certified by an officer of police not below the rank of assistant chief constable to be the date on which evidence sufficient to justify the proceedings came to the notice of the police in Northern Ireland. (2)For purposes of subsection (1)(b) above proceedings shall be deemed to be commenced on the date on which a warrant to apprehend or to cite the accused is granted, if such warrant is executed without undue delay; and a certificate of the Lord Advocate as to the date on which such evidence as is mentioned in subsection (1)(b) came to his knowledge shall be conclusive evidence. (3)For the purposes of the trial of a person for an offence under this Part of this Act, the offence shall be deemed to have been committed either at the place at which it actually was committed or at any place at which he may be. (4)Any powers exercisable under this Act in the case of any person may be exercised notwithstanding that proceedings for an offence under this Part of this Act have been taken against him. Part IV Supplementary 29Contributions for expenses of persons returning abroad (1)The Secretary of State may, in such cases as he may with the approval of the Treasury determine, make payments of such amount as may be so determined to meet or provide for expenses of persons who are not patrial in leaving the United Kingdom for a country or territory where they intend to reside permanently, including travelling expenses for members of their families or households. (2)The Secretary of State shall, so far as practicable, administer this section so as to secure that a person's expenses in leaving the United Kingdom are not met by or out of a payment made by the Secretary of State unless it is shown that it is in that person's interest to leave the United Kingdom and that he wishes to do so. 30Return of mental patients (1)In the following enactments (which provide in relation to England, Wales and Northern Ireland and in relation to Scotland, respectively, for aliens receiving treatment for mental illness as in-patients to be removed, where proper arrangements have been made, to a country or territory outside the United Kingdom and Islands), that is to say,— (a)section 90 of the Mental Health Act 1959 ; and (b)section 82 of the Mental Health (Scotland) Act 1960;there shall in each case be substituted for the words “any patient being an alien”the words "any patient who is not patrial within the meaning of the Immigration Act 1971 and ". (2)Under section 90 of the Mental Health Act 1959 (as under section 82 of the Mental Health (Scotland) Act 1960) the Secretary of State shall only authorise the removal of a patient if it appears to him to be in the interests of the patient; and accordingly in section 90 after the words " and for his care or treatment there " there shall be inserted the words “and that it is in the interests of the patient to remove him”. 31Expenses There shall be defrayed out of moneys provided by Parliament any expenses incurred by a Secretary of State under or by virtue of this Act— (a)by way of administrative expenses (including any additional expenses under the British Nationality Acts 1948 to 1965 which are attributable to Schedule 1 to this Act); or (b)in connection with the removal of any person from the United Kingdom under Schedule 2 or 3 to this Act or the departure with him of his dependants, or his or their maintenance pending departure ; or (c)on account of the remuneration, allowances and other sums payable to or in respect of the adjudicators and members of the Immigration Appeal Tribunal, or of the remuneration of the officers and servants appointed for the adjudicators or Tribunal, or of the expenses of the adjudicators or Tribunal; or (d)on the making of any grants or payments under section 23 or 29 above. 32General provisions as to Orders in Council, etc. (1)Any power conferred by Part I of this Act to make, an Order in Council or order (other than a deportation order) or to give any directions includes power to revoke or vary the Order in Council, order or directions. (2)Any document purporting to be an order, notice or direction made or given by the Secretary of State for the purposes of this Act and to be signed by him or on his behalf, and any document purporting to be a certificate of the Secretary of State so given and to be signed by him, shall be received in evidence, and shall, until the contrary is proved, be deemed to be made or issued by him. (3)Prima facie evidence of any such order, notice, direction or certificate as aforesaid may, in any legal proceedings or proceedings under Part II of this Act, be given by the production of a document bearing a certificate purporting to be signed by or on behalf of the Secretary of State and stating that the document is a true copy of the order, notice, direction or certificate. (4)Where an order under section 8(2) above applies to persons specified in a schedule to the order, or any directions of the Secretary of State given for the purposes of this Act apply to persons specified in a schedule to the directions, prima facie evidence of the provisions of the order or directions other than the schedule and of any entry contained in the schedule may, in any legal proceedings or proceedings under Part II of this Act, be given by the production of a document purporting to be signed by or on behalf of the Secretary of State and stating that the document is a true copy of the said provisions and of the relevant entry. 33Interpretation (1)For purposes of this Act, except in so far as the context otherwise requires— " aircraft " includes hovercraft, " airport " includes hover-port and " port" includes airport; " captain " means master (of a ship) or commander (of an aircraft); "certificate of patriality" means such a certificate as is referred to in section 3(9) above; " crew ", in relation to a ship or aircraft, means all persons actually employed in the working or service of the ship or aircraft, including the captain, and " member of the crew " shall be construed accordingly ; "entrant" means a person entering or seeking to enter the United Kingdom, and " illegal entrant" means a person unlawfully entering or seeking to enter in breach of a deportation order or of the immigration laws, and includes also a person who has so entered; " entry clearance "- means a visa, entry certificate or other document which, in accordance with the immigration rules, is to be taken as evidence of a person's eligibility, though not patrial, for entry into the United Kingdom (but does not include a work permit); " immigration laws " means this Act and any law for purposes similar to this Act which is for the time being or has (before or after the passing of this Act) been in force in any part of the United Kingdom and Islands; " immigration rules " means the rules for the time being laid down as mentioned in section 3(2) above ; " the Islands " means the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man, and " the United Kingdom and Islands" means the United Kingdom and the Islands taken together; " legally adopted " means adopted in pursuance of an order made by any court in the United Kingdom and Islands or by any adoption specified as an overseas adoption by order of the Secretary of State under section 4 of the Adoption Act 1968 ; " limited leave " and " indefinite leave " mean respectively leave under this Act to enter or remain in the United Kingdom which is, and one which is not, limited as to duration; " settled " shall be construed in accordance with section 2(3)(d) above but, where used in relation to the United Kingdom only, as if any reference in section 2(3)(d) or in section 8(5) to the Islands were omitted ; " ship " includes every description of vessel used in navigation ; " work permit" means a permit indicating, in accordance with the immigration rules, that a person named in it is eligible, though not patrial, for entry into the United Kingdom for the purpose of taking employment. (2)It is hereby declared that, except as otherwise provided in this Act, a person is not to be treated for the purposes of any provision of this Act as ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom or in any of the Islands at a time when he is there in breach of the immigration laws. (3)The ports of entry for purposes of this Act, and the ports of exit for purposes of any Order in Council under section 3(7) above, shall be such ports as may from time to time be designated for the purpose by order of the Secretary of State made by statutory instrument. (4)For purposes of this Act an appeal under Part II shall, subject to any express provision to the contrary, be treated as pending during the period beginning when notice of appeal is duly given and ending when the appeal is finally determined or withdrawn; and in the case of an appeal to an adjudicator, the appeal shall not be treated as finally determined so long as a further appeal can be brought by virtue of section 20 nor, if such an appeal is duly brought, until it is determined or withdrawn. (5)This Act shall not be taken to supersede or impair any power exercisable by Her Majesty in relation to aliens by virtue of Her prerogative. 34Repeal, transitional and temporary (1)Subject to the following provisions of this section, the enactments mentioned in Schedule 6 to this Act are hereby repealed, as from the coming into force of this Act, to the extent mentioned in column 3 of the Schedule ; and— (a)this Act, as from its coming into force, shall apply in relation to entrants or others arriving in the United Kingdom at whatever date before or after it comes into force; and (b)after this Act comes into force anything done under or for the purposes of the former immigration laws shall have effect, in so far as any corresponding action could be taken under or for the purposes of this Act, as if done by way of action so taken, and in relation to anything so done this Act shall apply accordingly. (2)Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1)(a) and (b) above, a person refused leave to land by virtue of the Aliens Restriction Act 1914 shall be treated as having been refused leave to enter under this Act, and a person given leave to land by virtue of that Act shall be treated as having been given leave to enter under this Act; and similarly with the Commonwealth Immigrants Acts 1962 and 1968. (3)A person treated in accordance with subsection (2) above as having leave to enter the United Kingdom— (a)shall be treated as having an indefinite leave, if he is not at the coming into force of this Act subject to a condition limiting his stay in the United Kingdom; and (b)shall be treated, if he is then subject to such a condition,as having a limited leave of such duration, and subject to such conditions (capable of being attached to leave under this Act), as correspond to the conditions to which he is then subject, but not to conditions not capable of being so attached. This subsection shall have effect in relation to any restriction or requirement imposed by Order in Council under the Aliens Restriction Act 1914 as if it had been imposed by way of a landing condition. (4)Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Act, the former immigration laws shall continue to apply, and this Act shall not apply,— (a)in relation to the making of deportation orders and matters connected therewith in any case where a decision to make the order has been notified to the person concerned before the coming into force of this Act; (b)in relation to removal from the United Kingdom and matters connected therewith (including detention pending removal or pending the giving of directions for removal) in any case where a person is to be removed in pursuance of a decision taken before the coming into force of this Act or in pursuance of a deportation order to the making of which paragraph (a) above applies; (c)in relation to appeals against any decision taken or other thing done under the former immigration laws, whether taken or done before the coming into force of this Act or by virtue of this subsection. (5)Subsection (1) above shall not be taken as empowering a court on appeal to recommend for deportation a person whom the court below could not recommend for deportation, or as affecting any right of appeal in respect of a recommendation for deportation made before this Act comes into force, or as enabling a notice given before this Act comes into force and not complying with section 6(2) to take the place of the notice required by section 6(2) to be given before a person is recommended for deportation. (6)So long as section 2 of the Southern Rhodesia Act 1965 remains in force, this Act shall have effect subject to such provision as may (before or after this Act comes into force) be made by Order in Council under and for the purposes of that section. 35Commencement, and interim provisions (1)Except as otherwise provided by this Act, Parts I to III of this Act shall come into force on such day as the Secretary of State may appoint by order made by statutory instrument; and references to the coming into force of this Act shall be construed as references to the beginning of the day so appointed. (2)Section 25 above, except section 25(2), and section 28 in its application to offences under section 25(1) shall come into force at the end of one month beginning with the date this Act is passed. (3)The provisions of section 28(1) and (2) above shall have effect, as from the passing of this Act, in relation to offences under section 4A (unauthorised landing) of the Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1962 as amended by the Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1968, other than offences committed six months or more before the passing of this Act, as those provisions are expressed to have effect in relation to offences to which the extended time limit for prosecutions is to apply under sections 24, 25 and 26 above ; but where proceedings for an offence under section 4A of the Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1962 would have been out of time but for this subsection, section 4A(4) (under which, in certain cases, a person not producing a passport duly stamped by an immigration officer is presumed for purposes of that section to have landed in contravention of it, unless the contrary is proved) shall not apply. (4)Section 1(2A)(d) of the Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1962 (which was inserted by section 1 of the Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1968, and excludes from the control on immigration under those Acts, among other persons, certain persons registered in the United Kingdom or in an independent country of the Commonwealth as citizens of the United Kingdom and Colonies) shall not apply— (a)to a woman registered after the passing of this Act under or by virtue of section 6(2) (wives) of the British Nationality Act 1948, unless so registered either— (i)by virtue of her marriage to a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies before the passing of this Act; or (ii)by virtue of her marriage to such a citizen who at the time of her registration or at his death before that time was excluded from the control on immigration under the Commonwealth Immigrants Acts 1962 and 1968 by section 1(2) of the 1962 Act; nor (b)to anyone registered after the passing of this Act under or by virtue of section 7 (children) of the British Nationality Act 1948, unless so registered in the United Kingdom. (5)So much of section 1 of the Aliens Restriction (Amendment) Act 1919 as limits the duration of that section, and section 5 of the Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1962 in so far as it limits the duration of Part I of that Act, shall cease to have effect on the passing of this Act. 36Power to extend to Islands Her Majesty may by Order in Council direct that any of the provisions of this Act shall extend, with such exceptions, adaptations and modifications, if any, as may be specified in the Order, to any of the Islands ; and any Order in Council under this subsection may be varied or revoked by a further Order in Council. 37Short title and extent (1)This Act may be cited as the Immigration Act 1971. (2)It is hereby declared that this Act extends to Northern Ireland, and (without prejudice to any provision of Schedule 1 to this Act as to the extent of that Schedule) where an enactment repealed by this Act extends outside the United Kingdom, the repeal shall be of like extent. ### 1Local planning authorities (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, the council of a county is the local planning authority for the county, and the council of a county borough is the local planning authority for the county borough (2)If it appears to the Secretary of State that it is expedient that a joint board should be established as the local planning authority for the areas of any two or more such councils as are mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, or for any parts of those areas, he may by order constitute those areas or parts as a united district for the purposes of this Act, and constitute a joint board (in this Act referred to as a " joint planning board ") as the local planning authority for that district:Provided that the Secretary of State shall not make such an order except after holding a local inquiry unless all the councils concerned have consented to the making of the order. (3)The provisions of Schedule 1 to this Act shall have effect with respect to the constitution of joint planning boards. (4)Where a joint planning board is constituted for a united district, references in this Act to the area of a local planning authority— (a)in relation to the board, shall be construed as references to that district; and (b)in relation to any local planning authority being the council of a county or county borough of which part (but not the whole) is included in that district, shall be construed as references to so much of the county or county borough as is not so included. (5)Regulations under this Act may make such provision consequential upon or supplementary to the provisions of this section as appears to the Secretary of State to be necessary or expedient. (6)The preceding provisions of this section, and the provisions of Schedule 1 to this Act, shall have effect subject to the provisions of section 8 of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 (administration of functions of local planning authorities in respect of National Parks). 2Planning committees and joint advisory committees (1)The provisions of Schedule 2 to this Act shall have effect with respect to the establishment and functions of planning committees and joint advisory committees of local planning authorities. (2)The provisions of the said Schedule shall have effect subject to the provisions of section 8 of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. 3Delegation of functions to councils of county districts (1)The Secretary of State may, after consultation with such local authorities or associations of local authorities as he considers appropriate, make regulations for authorising or requiring local planning authorities to delegate to the councils of county districts in their areas, with or without restrictions, any of their functions under the provisions of this Act specified in subsection (2) of this section; and such regulations may be made so as to apply either generally to all local planning authorities (other than the councils of county boroughs) or to such of those authorities as may be specified in the regulations. (2)The provisions referred to in subsection (1) of this section are Part III, Part IV, Part V, sections 171 to 173, 175. 177 and 246 and Schedules 11 and 14. (3)In relation to a local planning authority being a joint planning board, subsection (1) of this section shall have effect as if the reference therein to the councils of county districts in their area included a reference to the councils of counties and county boroughs therein. (4)Any regulations made for the purposes of this section may make provision— (a)for requiring any council to whom functions are delegated in accordance with the regulations to perform those functions on behalf of the local planning authority; (b)for transferring to any such council any liability of the local planning authority to pay compensation under Part VIII or under section 187 or 237(1)(b) of this Act in respect of anything done by that council in the exercise of functions delegated to them in accordance with the regulations; (c)for the transfer and compensation of any officers of a local planning authority or of any such council. (5)The preceding provisions of this section shall have effect without prejudice to the provisions of section 8(3) of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 (delegation of functions to planning committees and sub-committees for National Parks). (6)In relation to any functions under this Act delegated to a council by a local planning authority, any reference in the provisions specified in subsection (2) of this section, or in section 290(4) of this Act, to the local planning authority shall (subject to the regulations and the terms of the delegation, and so far as the context does not otherwise require) be construed as including a reference to that council; and in relation to any compensation payable by a council, by virtue of the transfer under this section to that council of any liability of the local planning authority, any reference in this Act to the local planning authority shall be construed as a reference to that council. 4Delegation of functions to officers of local authorities (1)A local planning authority may delegate to any officer of the authority the function of determining all or any, or a specified class, of the following applications, that is to say— (a)an application for planning permission under Part III of this Act; (b)an application for an approval required by a development order or by a condition imposed on the grant of planning permission; (c)an application for a determination under section 53 of this Act of the questions whether the carrying out of operations on land or the making of any change in the use of land constitutes or involves development of the land and, if so, whether an application for planning permission in respect thereof is required having regard to the provisions of the development order: (d)an application for consent under an order under section 60 of this Act to the cutting down, topping, lopping or destruction of trees ; (e)an application for consent under regulations under section 63 of this Act to the display of advertisements; (f)an application for an established use certificate under section 94 of this Act. (2)A local authority to whom the function of determining any such application as is referred to in subsection (1) of this section is delegated under section 3 of this Act may delegate either— (a)to an officer of theirs; or (b)with the consent of the local planning authority, to an officer of that authority,the function of determining all or any, or a specified class, of those applications. (3)A delegation made by a local authority under this section to an officer of theirs or of another local authority— (a)shall be made to the officer by name; (b)may be made with or without restrictions or conditions; (c)may be withdrawn at any time by the delegating authority (either generally or in respect of a particular application), without prejudice to anything previously done by the officer thereunder; and (d)shall, in the case of a delegation under paragraph (b) of subsection (2) of this section, be treated as withdrawn if the consent of the local planning authority under that paragraph is withdrawn. (4)Where a local authority have under this section delegated to an officer of theirs or of another local authority the function of determining applications, and the officer so requests in the case of any application specified by him, the delegating authority shall themselves, instead of him, determine the application. (5)Where any functions have under this section been delegated to an officer of a local authority, any determination by him of such an application as is referred to in subsection (1) of this section shall, if it is notified in writing to the applicant, be treated for all purposes as a determination of the delegating authority. (6)Where an action has been brought against an officer of a local authority in respect of an act done by him in the discharge or purported discharge of functions delegated to him under this section and the circumstances are such that he is not legally entitled to require the delegating authority to indemnify him, that authority may nevertheless indemnify him against the whole or part of any damages and costs which he may have been ordered to pay or may have incurred, if they are satisfied that he honestly believed that the act complained of was done in the discharge of those functions and that his duty required or entitled him to do it. (7)In relation to any functions delegated under this section by a local authority to an officer of theirs or of another local authority, any reference to the local planning authority in any enactment relating to those functions shall (subject to the terms of the delegation and so far as the context does not otherwise require) be construed as including a reference to that officer. 5Local planning authorities in Greater London Schedule 3 to this Act shall have effect as respects local planning authorities in Greater London. Part II Development Plans Survey and structure plan 6Survey of planning areas (1)It shall be the duty of the local planning authority to institute a survey of their area, in so far as they have not already done so, examining the matters which may be expected to affect the development of that area or the planning of its development and in any event to keep all such matters under review. (2)Notwithstanding that the local planning authority have carried out their duty under subsection (1) of this section, the authority may, if they think fit, and shall, if directed to do so by the Secretary of State, institute a fresh survey of their area examining the matters mentioned in that subsection. (3)Without prejudice to the generality of the preceding provisions of this section, the matters to be examined and kept under review thereunder shall include the following, that is to say— (a)the principal physical and economic characteristics of the area of the authority (including the principal purposes for which land is used) and, so far as they may be expected to affect that area, of any neighbouring areas; (b)the size, composition and distribution of the population of that area (whether resident or otherwise); (c)without prejudice to paragraph (a) of this subsection, the communications, transport system and traffic of that area and, so far as they may be expected to affect that area, of any neighbouring areas; (d)any considerations not mentioned in any of the preceding paragraphs which may be expected to affect any matters so mentioned; (e)such other matters as may be prescribed or as the Secretary of State may in a particular case direct; (f)any changes already projected in any of the matters mentioned in any of the preceding paragraphs and the effect which those changes are likely to have on the development of that area or the planning of such development. (4)A local planning authority shall, for the purpose of discharging their functions under this section of examining and keeping under review any matters relating to the area of another such authority, consult with that other authority about those matters. (5)Subsection (1) of this section shall, as respects any period during which this section is in operation in part only of the area of a local planning authority, be construed as requiring a local planning authority to institute a survey of that part of that area and to keep under review matters affecting only that part of that area ; and subsection (2) of this section shall, whether or not this section is in operation in the whole of such an area, have effect as if the power thereby conferred included power for a local planning authority to institute, and for the Secretary of State to direct them to institute, a fresh survey of part only of their area; and references in subsection (3) of this section to the area of a local planning authority or any neighbouring areas shall be construed accordingly. 7Preparation of structure plans (1)The local planning authority shall, within such period from the commencement of this section within their area as the Secretary of State may direct, prepare and send the Secretary of State a report of their survey under section 6 of this Act and at the same time prepare and submit to him for his approval a structure plan for their area complying with the provisions of subsection (3) of this section. (2)The said report shall include an estimate of any changes likely to occur during such period as the Secretary of State may direct in the matters mentioned in section 6(3) of this Act; and different periods may be specified by any such direction in relation to different matters. (3)The structure plan for any area shall be a written statement— (a)formulating the local planning authority's policy and general proposals in respect of the development and other use of land in that area (including measures for the improvement of the physical environment and the management of traffic); (b)stating the relationship of those proposals to general proposals for the development and other use of land in neighbouring areas which may be expected to affect that area; and (c)containing such other matters as may be prescribed or as the Secretary of State may in any particular case direct. (4)In formulating their policy and general proposals under subsection (3)(a) of this section, the local planning authority shall secure that the policy and proposals are justified by the results of their survey under section 6 of this Act and by any other information which they may obtain and shall have regard— (a)to current policies with respect to the economic planning and development of the region as a whole; (b)to the resources likely to be available for the carrying out of the proposals of the structure plan; and (c)to such other matters as the Secretary of State may direct them to take into account. (5)A local planning authority's general proposals under this section with respect to land in their area shall indicate any part of that area (in this Act referred to as an'" action area ") which they have selected for the commencement during a prescribed period of comprehensive treatment, in accordance with a local plan prepared for the selected area as a whole, by development, redevelopment or improvement of the whole or part of the area selected, or partly by one and partly by another method, and the nature of the treatment selected. (6)A structure plan for any area shall contain or be accompanied by such diagrams/illustrations and descriptive matter as the local planning authority think appropriate for the purpose of explaining or illustrating the proposals in the plan, or as may be prescribed, or as may in any particular case be specified in directions given by the Secretary of State; and any such diagrams, illustrations and descriptive matter shall be treated as forming part of the plan. (7)At any time before the Secretary of State has under section 9 of this Act approved a structure plan with respect to the whole of the area of a local planning authority, the authority may with his consent, and shall, if so directed by him, prepare and submit to him for his approval a structure plan relating to part of that area; and where the Secretary of State has given a consent or direction for the preparation of a structure plan for part of such an area, references in this Part of this Act to such an area shall, in relation to a structure plan, be construed as including references to part of that area. 8Publicity in connection with preparation of structure plans (1)When preparing a structure plan for their area and before finally determining its content for submission to the Secretary of State, the local planning authority shall take such steps as will in their opinion secure— (a)that adequate publicity is given in their area to the report of the survey under section 6 of this Act and to the matters which they propose to include in the plan; (b)that persons who may be expected to desire an opportunity of making representations to the authority with respect to those matters are made aware that they are entitled to an opportunity of doing so; and (c)that such persons are given an adequate opportunity of making such representations;and the authority shall consider any representations made to them within the prescribed period. (2)Not later than the submission of a structure plan to the Secretary of State, the local planning authority shall make copies of the plan as submitted to the Secretary of State available for inspection at their office and at such other places as may be prescribed; and each copy shall be accompanied by a statement of the time within which objections to the plan may be made to the Secretary of State. (3)A structure plan submitted by the local planning authority to the Secretary of State for his approval shall be accompanied by a statement containing such particulars, if any, as may be prescribed— (a)of the steps which the authority have taken to comply with subsection (1) of this section ; and (b)of the authority's consultations with, and consideration of the views of, other persons with respect to those matters. (4)If after considering the statement submitted with, and the matters included in, the structure plan and any other information provided by the local planning authority, the Secretary of State is satisfied that the purposes of paragraphs (a) to (c) of subsection (1) of this section have been adequately achieved by the steps taken by the authority in compliance with that subsection, he shall proceed to consider whether to approve the structure plan; and if he is not so satisfied, he shall return the plan to the authority and direct them— (a)to take such further action as he may specify in order better to achieve those purposes; and (b)after doing so, to resubmit the plan with such modifications, if any, as they then consider appropriate and, if so required by the direction, to do so within a specified period. (5)Where the Secretary of State returns the structure plan to the local planning authority under subsection (4) of this section, he shall inform the authority of his reasons for doing so and, if any person has made to him an objection to the plan, shall also inform that person that he has returned the plan. (6)A local planning authority who are given directions by the Secretary of State under subsection (4) of this section shall forthwith withdraw the copies of the plan made available for inspection as required by subsection (2) of this section. (7)Subsections (2) to (6) of this section shall apply, with the necessary modifications, in relation to a structure plan resubmitted to the Secretary of State in accordance with directions given by him under subsection (4) as they apply in relation to the plan as originally submitted. 9Approval or rejection of structure plan by Secretary of State (1)The Secretary of State may, after considering a structure plan submitted (or resubmitted) to him, either approve it (in whole or in part and with or without modifications or reservations) or reject it. (2)In considering any such plan the Secretary of State may take into account any matters which he thinks are relevant, whether or not they were taken into account in the plan as submitted to him. (3)Where on taking any such plan into consideration the Secretary of State does not determine then to reject it, he shall, before determining whether or not to approve it— (a)consider any objections to the plan, so far as they are made in accordance with regulations under this Part of this Act; (b)afford to any persons whose objections so made are not withdrawn an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by him for the purpose; and (c)if a local inquiry or other hearing is held, also afford the like opportunity to the local planning authority and such other persons as he thinks fit. (4)Without prejudice to subsection (3) of this section, on considering a structure plan the Secretary of State may consult with, or consider the views of, any local planning authority or other persons, but shall not be under an obligation to consult with, or consider the views of, any other authority or persons or, except as provided by that subsection, to afford an opportunity for the making of any objections or other representations, or to cause any local inquiry or other hearing to be held. 10Alteration of structure plans (1)At any time after the approval of a structure plan for their area a local planning authority may submit to the Secretary of State and shall, if so directed by the Secretary of State, submit to him within a period specified in the direction, proposals for such alterations to that plan as appear to them to be expedient or as the Secretary of State may direct, as the case may be, and any such proposals may relate to the whole or to part of that area. (2)The local planning authority shall send with the proposals submitted by them under this section a report of the results of their review of the relevant matters under section 6 of this Act together with any other information on which the proposals are based, and sections 8 and 9 of this Act shall apply, with any necessary modifications, in relation to the proposals as they apply in relation to a structure plan. Local plans 11Preparation of local plans (1)A local planning authority who are in course of preparing a structure plan for their area, or have prepared for their area a structure plan which has not been approved or rejected by the Secretary of State, may, if they think it desirable, prepare a local plan for any part of that area. (2)Where a structure plan for their area has been approved by the Secretary of State, the local planning authority shall as soon as practicable consider, and thereafter keep under review, the desirability of preparing and, if they consider it desirable and they have not already done so, shall prepare a local plan for any part of the area. (3)A local plan shall consist of a map and a written statement and shall— (a)formulate in such detail as the authority think appropriate the authority's proposals for the development and other use of land in that part of their area or for any description of development or other use of such land (including in either case such measures as the authority think fit for the improvement of the physical environment and the management of traffic); and (b)contain such matters as may be prescribed or as the Secretary of State may in any particular case direct. (4)Different local plans may be prepared for different purposes for the same part of any area. (5)A local plan for any area shall contain, or be accompanied by, such diagrams, illustrations and descriptive matter as the local planning authority think appropriate for the purpose of explaining or illustrating the proposals in the plan, or as may be prescribed, or as may in any particular case be specified in directions given by the Secretary of State; and any such diagrams, illustrations and descriptive matter shall be treated as forming part of the plan. (6)Where an area is indicated as an action area in a structure plan which has been approved by the Secretary of State, the local planning authority shall (if they have not already done so), as soon as practicable after the approval of the plan, prepare a local plan for that area. (7)Without prejudice to the preceding provisions of this section, the local planning authority shall, if the Secretary of State gives them a direction in that behalf with respect to a part of an area for which a structure plan has been, or is in course of being, prepared, as soon as practicable prepare for that part a local plan of such nature as may be specified in the direction. (8)Directions under subsection (7) of this section may be given by the Secretary of State either before or after he approves the structure plan; but no such directions shall require a local planning authority to take any steps to comply therewith until the structure plan has been approved by him. (9)In formulating their proposals in a local plan the local planning authority shall secure that the proposals conform generally to the structure plan as it stands for the time being (whether or not it has been approved by the Secretary of State) and shall have regard to any information and any other considerations which appear to them to be relevant, or which may be prescribed, or which the Secretary of State may in any particular case direct them to take into account. (10)Before giving a direction under the preceding provisions of this section to a local planning authority, the Secretary of State shall consult the authority with respect to the proposed direction. (11)Where a local planning authority are required by this section to prepare a local plan, they shall take steps for the adoption of the plan. 12Publicity in connection with preparation of local plans (1)A local planning authority who propose to prepare a local plan shall take such steps as will in their opinion secure— (a)that adequate publicity is given in their area to any relevant matter arising out of a survey of the area carried out by them under section 6 of this Act and to the matters proposed to be included in the plan; (b)that persons who may be expected to desire an opportunity of making representations to the authority with respect to those matters are made aware that they are entitled to an opportunity of doing so ; and (c)that such persons are given an adequate opportunity of making such representations;and the authority shall consider any representations made to them within the prescribed period. (2)When the local planning authority have prepared a local plan, they shall, before adopting it or submitting it for approval under section 14(4) of this Act (but not before the Secretary of State has approved the structure plan so far as it applies to the area of that local plan), make copies of the local plan available for inspection at their office and at such other places as may be prescribed and send a copy to the Secretary of State; and each copy made available for inspection shall be accompanied by a statement of the time within which objections to the local plan may be made to the authority. (3)A copy of a local plan sent to the Secretary of State under subsection (2) of this section shall be accompanied by a statement containing such particulars, if any, as may be prescribed— (a)of the steps which the authority have taken to comply with subsection (1) of this section ; and (b)of the authority's consultations with, and their consideration of the views of, other persons. (4)If, on considering the statement submitted with, and the matters included in, the local plan and any other information provided by the local planning authority, the Secretary of State is not satisfied that the purposes of paragraphs (a) to (c) of subsection (1) of this section have been adequately achieved by the steps taken by the authority in compliance with that subsection, he may, within twenty-one days of the receipt of the statement, direct the authority not to take any further steps for the adoption of the plan without taking such further action as he may specify in order better to achieve those purposes and satisfying him that they have done so. (5)A local planning authority who are given directions by the Secretary of State under subsection (4) of this section shall— (a)forthwith withdraw the copies of the local plan made available for inspection as required by subsection (2) of this section ; and (b)notify any person by whom objections to the local plan have been made to the authority that the Secretary of State has given such directions as aforesaid. 13Inquiries, etc. with respect to local plans (1)For the purpose of considering objections made to a local plan the local planning authority may, and shall in the case of objections so made in accordance with regulations under this Part of this Act, cause a local inquiry or other hearing to be held by a person appointed by the Secretary of State or, in such cases as may be prescribed by regulations under this Part of this Act, by the authority themselves, and— (a)subsections (2) and (3) of section 290 of the Local Government Act 1933 (power to summon and examine witnesses) shall apply to an inquiry held under this section as they apply to an inquiry held under that section; (b)the Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1971 shall apply to a local inquiry or other hearing held under this section as it applies to a statutory inquiry held by the Secretary of State, but as if in section 12(1) of that Act (statement of reasons for decisions) the reference to any decision taken by the Secretary of State were a reference to a decision taken by a local authority. (2)Regulations made for the purposes of subsection (1) of this section may— (a)make provision with respect to the appointment and qualifications for appointment of persons to hold a local inquiry or other hearing under that subsection, including provision enabling the Secretary of State to direct a local planning authority to appoint a particular person, or one of a specified list or class of persons; (b)make provision with respect to the remuneration and allowances of a person appointed for the said purpose. 14Adoption and approval of local plans (1)After the expiry of the period afforded for making objections to a local plan or, if such objections have been duly made during that period, after considering the objections so made, the local planning authority may, subject to section 12 of this Act and subsections (2) and (3) of this section, by resolution adopt the plan either as originally prepared or as modified so as to take account of any such objections or of any matters arising out of such objections. (2)The local planning authority shall not adopt a local plan unless it conforms generally to the structure plan as approved by the Secretary of State. (3)After copies of a local plan have been sent to the Secretary of State arid before the plan has been adopted by the local planning authority, the Secretary of State may direct that the plan shall not have effect unless approved by him. (4)Where the Secretary of State gives a direction under subsection (3) of this section, the local planning authority shall submit the plan accordingly to him for his approval, and— (a)section 9 of this Act shall, subject to paragraph (b) of this subsection, apply in relation to the plan as it applies in relation to a structure plan ; (b)before deciding whether or not to approve the plan the Secretary of State shall not be obliged to consider any objections thereto if objections thereto have been considered by the authority, or to cause an inquiry or other hearing to be held into the plan if any such inquiry or hearing has already been held at the instance of the authority ; and (c)after the giving of the direction the authority shall have no further power or duty to hold a local inquiry or other hearing under section 13 of this Act in connection with the plan. 15Alteration of local plans (1)A local planning authority may at any time make proposals for the alteration, repeal or replacement of a local plan adopted by them and may at any time, with the consent of the Secretary of State, make proposals for the alteration, repeal or replacement of a local plan approved by him. (2)Without prejudice to subsection (1) of this section, a local planning authority shall, if the Secretary of State gives them a direction in that behalf with respect to a local plan adopted by them or approved by him, as soon as practicable prepare proposals of a kind specified in the direction, being proposals for the alteration, repeal or replacement of the plan. (3)The provisions of sections 11(9) to (11), 12, 13 and 14 of this Act shall apply in relation to the making of proposals for the alteration, repeal or replacement of a local plan under this section, and to alterations to a local plan so proposed, as they apply in relation to the preparation of a local plan under section 11 of this Act and to a local plan prepared thereunder, but as if the reference in section 14(4)(a) to section 9 of this Act were a reference to section 10 of this Act. Supplementary provisions 16Disregarding of representations with respect to development authorised by or under other enactments Notwithstanding anything in the preceding provisions of this Act, neither the Secretary of State nor a local planning authority shall be required to consider representations or objections with respect to a structure plan, a local plan or any proposal to alter, repeal or replace any such plan if it appears to the Secretary of State or the authority, as the case may be, that those representations or objections are in substance representations or objections with respect to things done or proposed to be done in pursuance of— (a)an order or scheme under section 7, 9, 11, 13 or 20 of the Highways Act 1959 (trunk road orders, special road schemes and ancillary orders); (b)a scheme under section 3 of the Highways (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1961 (scheme for construction of bridge or tunnel as part of maintainable highway); (c)an order under section 1 of the Highways Act 1971 (classified road order) or section 10 thereof (order authorising diversion of navigable watercourse); (d)an order under section 1 of the New Towns Act 1965 (designation of sites of new towns). 17Default powers of Secretary of State (1)Where, by virtue of any of the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act, any survey is required to be carried out, or any structure or local plan or proposals for the alteration, repeal or replacement thereof are required to be prepared or submitted to the Secretary of State, or steps are required to be taken for the adoption of any such plan or proposals, then— (a)if at any time the Secretary of State is satisfied, after holding a local inquiry or other hearing, that the local planning authority are not carrying out the survey or are not taking the steps necessary to enable them to submit or adopt such a plan or proposals within a reasonable period; or (b)in a case where a period is specified for the submission or adoption of any such plan or proposals, if no such plan or proposals have been submitted or adopted within that period,the Secretary of State may carry out the survey or prepare and make a structure plan or local plan or, as the case may be, alter, repeal or replace it, as he thinks fit. (2)Where under subsection (1) of this section the Secretary of State has power to do anything which should have been done by a local planning authority, he may, if he thinks fit, authorise any other local planning authority who appear to the Secretary of State to have an interest in the proper planning of the area of the first-mentioned authority to do that thing. (3)Where under this section anything which ought to have been done by a local planning authority is done by the Secretary of State or another such authority, the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act shall, so far as applicable, apply with any necessary modifications in relation to the doing of that thing by the Secretary of State and the latter authority and the thing so done. (4)Where the Secretary of State incurs expenses under this section in connection with the doing of anything which should have been done by a local planning authority, so much of those expenses as may be certified by the Secretary of State to have been incurred in the performance of functions of that authority shall on demand be repaid by that authority to the Secretary of State. (5)Where under this section anything which should have been done by one local planning authority is done by another such authority, any expenses reasonably incurred in connection with the doing of that thing by the latter authority, as certified by the Secretary of State, shall be repaid to the latter authority by the former authority. 18Supplementary provisions as to structure and local plans (1)Without prejudice to the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act, the Secretary of State may make regulations with respect to the form and content of structure and local plans and with respect to the procedure to be followed in connection with their- preparation, submission, withdrawal, approval, adoption, making, alteration, repeal and replacement; and in particular any such regulations may— (a)provide for the publicity to be given to the report of any survey carried out by a local planning authority under section 6 of this Act; (b)provide for the notice to be given of, or the publicity to be given to, matters included or proposed to be included in any such plan, and the approval, adoption or making of any such plan or any alteration, repeal or replacement thereof or to any other prescribed procedural step, and for publicity to be given to the procedure to be followed as aforesaid; (c)make provision with respect to the making and consideration of representations with respect to matters to be included in, or objections to, any such plan or proposals for its alteration, repeal or replacement; (d)without prejudice to paragraph (b) of this subsection, provide for notice to be given to particular persons of the approval, adoption or alteration of any plan, if they have objected to the plan and have notified the local planning authority of their wish to receive notice, subject (if the regulations so provide) to the payment of a reasonable charge for receiving it; (e)require or authorise a local planning authority to consult with, or consider the views of, other persons before taking any prescribed procedural step; (f)require a local planning authority, in such cases as may be prescribed or in such particular cases as the Secretary of State may direct, to provide persons making a request in that behalf with copies of any plan or document which has been made public for the purpose mentioned in section 8(1)(a) or 12(1)(a) of this Act or has been made available for inspection under section 8(2) or 12(2) of this Act, subject (if the regulations so provide) to the payment of a reasonable charge therefor ; (g)provide for the publication and inspection of any structure plan or local plan which has been approved, adopted or made, or any document approved, adopted or made altering, repealing or replacing any such plan, and for copies of any such plan or document to be made available on sale. (2)Regulations under this section may extend throughout England and Wales or to specified areas only and may make different provisions for different cases. (3)Subject to the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act and to any regulations under this section, the Secretary of State may give directions to any local planning authority, or to local planning authorities generally,— (a)for formulating the procedure for the carrying out of their functions under this Part of this Act; (b)for requiring them to give him such information as he may require for carrying out any of his functions under this Part of this Act. (4)Subject to the provisions of section 242 of this Act, a structure plan or local plan or any alteration, repeal or replacement thereof shall become operative on a date appointed for the purpose in the relevant notice of approval, resolution of adoption or notice of the making, alteration, repeal or replacement of the plan. 19Application of Part II to Greater London In their application to Greater London the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act shall have effect subject to the provisions of Schedule 4 to this Act. 20Meaning of "development plan" (1)For the purposes of this Act, any other enactment relating to town and country planning, the Land Compensation Act 1961 and the Highways Act 1959, the development plan for any district outside Greater London (whether the whole or part of the area of a local planning authority) shall be taken as consisting of— (a)the provisions of the structure plan for the time being in force for that area or the relevant part of that area, together with the Secretary of State's notice of approval of the plan; (b)any alterations to that plan, together with the Secretary of State's notices of approval thereof; (c)any provisions of a local plan for the time being applicable to the district, together with a copy of the authority's resolution of adoption or, as the case may be, the Secretary of State's notice of approval of the local plan; and (d)any alterations to that local plan, together with a copy of the authority's resolutions of adoption or, as the case may be, the Secretary of State's notices of approval thereof. (2)For the said purposes the development plan for any district in Greater London (whether the whole or part of the area of a London borough) shall be taken as consisting of— (a)the provisions of the Greater London development plan and of the structure plan prepared by the council of that borough and for the time being in force in that area or the relevant part of that area together with the Secretary of State's notices of approval of the plans; (b)any alterations to those plans, together with the Secretary of State's notices of approval thereof; (c)any provisions of a local plan for the time being applicable to the district, together with a copy of the resolution of adoption of the relevant council or, as the case may be, the Secretary of State's notice of approval of the local plan; and (d)any alterations to that local plan, together with a copy of the resolutions of adoption of the relevant council or, as the case may be, the Secretary of State's notices of approval thereof. (3)References in subsections (1) and (2) of this section to the provisions of any plan, notices of approval, alterations and resolutions of adoption shall, in relation to a district forming part of the area to which they are applicable, be respectively construed as references to so much of those provisions, notices, alterations and resolutions as is applicable to the district. (4)References in subsections (1) to (3) of this section to notices of approval shall in relation to any plan or alteration made by the Secretary of State under section 17 of this Act be construed as references to notices of the making of the plan or alteration. (5)This section has effect subject to Schedule 7 and Part I of Schedule 23 to this Act. 21Commencement of Part II and interim provisions (1)The preceding provisions of this Part of this Act (other than section 18 and except so far as they enable any matter or thing to be prescribed) and Part I of Schedule 23 to this Act shall come into operation on a day appointed by an order made by the Secretary of State. (2)The provisions of Schedules 5 and 6 to this Act shall have effect until they are repealed by an order made by the Secretary of State. (3)Schedule 7 to this Act shall have effect as respects the transition from the said Schedules 5 and 6 to the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act. (4)Different days may be appointed under this section for different purposes and, in particular, different days may be so appointed for the coming into operation or repeal of the same provisions in different areas. (5)Any reference in this Part of this Act to the commencement of any provision thereof shall be construed as a reference to the day appointed for the coming into operation of that provision or, in the case of a provision which comes into operation on different days in different areas, shall, in relation to any area, be construed as a reference to the day appointed for the coming into operation of that provision in that area. (6)An order under this section may make such transitional provision as appears to the Secretary of State to be necessary or expedient in connection with the provisions thereby brought into operation or repealed, including such adaptation of those provisions or of any other provision of this Act then in force as appears to him to be necessary or expedient in consequence of the partial operation of this Act (whether before or after the day appointed by the order). (7)The Secretary of State for the time being having general responsibility in planning matters in relation to England shall, for England, and the Secretary of State for the time being having such responsibility in relation to Wales shall, for Wales, each maintain and keep up to date a register showing the effect of orders made under this section in such a way as enables members of the public to inform themselves— (a)as to the provisions which have come, or are to be brought, into operation or have been, or are to be, repealed, and on which dates and in relation to which areas; and (b)as to whether, in the case of a particular area, any transitional provision has been made by such an order. (8)The register maintained under this section by the Secretary of State for the time being having general responsibility in planning matters in relation to England shall be kept at his principal offices in London, and the register so maintained by the Secretary of State for the time being having general responsibility in planning matters in relation to Wales shall be kept at his principal offices in Cardiff; and both registers shall be available for inspection by the public at reasonable hours. Part III General Planning Control Meaning of development and requirement of planning permission 22Meaning of "development" and "new development" (1)In this Act, except where the context otherwise requires, "development", subject to the following provisions of this section, means the carrying out of building, engineering, mining or other operations in, on, over or under land, or the making of any material change in the use of any buildings qt other land. (2)The following operations or uses of land shall not be taken for the purposes of this Act to involve development of the land, that is to say— (a)the carrying out of works for the maintenance, improvement or other alteration of any building, being works which affect only the interior of the building or which do not materially affect the external appearance of the building and (in either case) are not works for making good war damage or works begun after 5th December 1968 for the alteration of a building by providing additional space therein below ground ; (b)the carrying out by a local highway authority of any works required for the maintenance or improvement of a road, being works carried out on land within the boundaries of the road ; (c)the carrying out by a local authority or statutory undertakers of any works for the purpose of inspecting, repairing or renewing any sewers, mains, pipes, cables or other apparatus, including the breaking open of any street or other land for that purpose; (d)the use of any buildings or other land within the curtilage of a dwellinghouse for any purpose incidental to the enjoyment of the dwellinghouse as such; (e)the use of any land for the purposes of agriculture or forestry (including afforestation) and the use for any of those purposes of any building occupied together with land so used; (f)in the case of buildings or other land which are used for a purpose of any class specified in an order made by the Secretary of State under this section, the use thereof for any other purpose of the same class. (3)For the avoidance of doubt it is hereby declared that for the purposes of this section— (a)the use as two or more separate dwellinghouses of any building previously used as a single dwellinghouse involves a material change in the use of the building and of each part thereof which is so used; (b)the deposit of refuse or waste materials on land involves a material change in the use thereof, notwithstanding that the land is comprised in a site already used for that purpose, if either the superficial area of the deposit is thereby extended, or the height of the deposit is thereby extended and exceeds the level of the land adjoining the site. (4)Without prejudice to any regulations made under the provisions of this Act relating to the control of advertisements, the use for the display of advertisements of any external part of a building which is not normally used for that purpose shall be treated for the purposes of this section as involving a material change in the use of that part of the building. (5)In this Act " new development" means any development other than development of a class specified in Part I or Part II of Schedule 8 to this Act; and the provisions of Part III of that Schedule shall have effect for the purposes of Parts I and II thereof. 23Development requiring planning permission (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, planning permission is required for the carrying out of any development of land. (2)Where on 1st July 1948 (in this Act referred to as " the appointed day ") land was being temporarily used for a purpose other than the purpose for which it was normally used, planning permission is not required for the resumption of the use of the land for the last-mentioned purpose before 6th December 1968. (3)Where on the appointed day land was normally used for one purpose and was also used on occasions, whether at regular intervals or not, for another purpose, planning permission is not required— (a)in respect of the use of the land for that other purpose on similar occasions before 6th December 1968; or (b)in respect of the use of the land for that other purpose on similar occasions on or after that date if the land has been used for that other purpose on at least one similar occasion since the appointed day and before the beginning of 1968. (4)Where land was unoccupied on the appointed day, but had before that day been occupied at some time on or after 7th January 1937, planning permission is not required in respect of any use of the land begun before 6th December 1968 for the purpose for which the land was last used before the appointed day. (5)Where planning permission to develop land has been granted for a limited period, planning permission is not required for the resumption, at the end of that period, of the use of the land for the purpose for which it was normally used before the permission was granted. (6)In determining, for the purposes of subsection (5) of this section, what were the purposes for which land was normally used before the grant of planning permission, no account shall be taken of any use of the land begun in contravention of the provisions of this Part of this Act or in contravention of previous planning control. (7)Notwithstanding anything in subsections (2) to (4) of this section, the use of land as a caravan site shall not, by virtue of any of those subsections, be treated as a use for which planning permission is not required, unless the land was so used on one occasion at least during the period of two years ending with 9th March 1960. (8)Where by a development order planning permission to develop land has been granted subject to limitations, planning permission is not required for the use of that land which (apart from its use in accordance with that permission) is the normal use of that land, unless the last-mentioned use was begun in contravention of the provisions of this Part of this Act or in contravention of previous planning control. (9)Where an enforcement notice has been served in respect of any development of land, planning permission is not required for the use of that land for the purpose for which (in accordance with the provisions of this Part of this Act) it could lawfully have been used if that development had not been carried out. (10)For the purposes of this section a use of land shall be taken to have been begun in contravention of previous planning control if it was begun in contravention of the provisions of Part III of the Act of 1947 or of Part III of the Act of 1962. Development orders 24Development orders (1)The Secretary of State shall by order (in this Act referred to as a " development order ") provide for the granting of planning permission. (2)A development order may either— (a)itself grant planning permission for development specified in the order, or for development of any class so specified; or (b)in respect of development for which planning permission is not granted by the order itself, provide for the granting of planning permission by the local planning authority (or, in the cases hereinafter provided, by the Secretary of State) on an application in that behalf made to the local planning authority in accordance with the provisions of the order. (3)A development order may be made either as a general order applicable (subject to such exceptions as may be specified therein) to all land, or as a special order applicable only to such land as may be so specified. (4)Planning permission granted by a development order may be granted either unconditionally or subject to such conditions or Citations as may be specified in the order. (5)Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (4) of this section— (a)where planning permission is granted by a development order for the erection, extension or alteration of any buildings, the order may require the approval of the local planning authority to be obtained with respect to the design or external appearance of the buildings ; (b)where planning permission is granted by a development order for development of a specified class, the order may enable the Secretary of State or the local planning authority to direct that the permission shall not apply either in relation to development in a particular area or in relation to any particular development. (6)Any provision of a development order whereby permission is granted for the use of land for any purpose on a limited number of days in a period specified in that provision shall (without prejudice to the generality of references in this Act to limitations) be taken to be a provision granting permission for the use of land for any purpose subject to the limitation that the land shall not be used for any one purpose in pursuance of that provision on more than that number of days in that period. (7)For the purpose of enabling development to be carried out in accordance with planning permission, or otherwise for the purpose of promoting proper development in accordance with the development plan, a development order may direct that any enactment to which this subsection applies, or any regulations, orders or byelaws made at any time under any such enactment, shall not apply to any development specified in the order, or shall apply thereto subject to such modifications as may be so specified. (8)Subsection (7) of this section applies— (a)to any enactment passed before 6th August 1947 (being the date of the passing of the Act of 1947); and (b)to any enactment contained in the Highways Act 1959 being an enactment which re-enacts (with or without modifications) any such enactment as is mentioned in paragraph (a) of this subsection. Applications for planning permission 25Form and content of applications Any application to a local planning authority for planning permission shall be made in such manner as may be prescribed by regulations under this Act, and shall include such particulars, and be verified by such evidence, as may be required by the regulations or by directions given by the local planning authority thereunder. 26Publication of notices of applications (1)Provision may be made by a development order for designating the classes of development to which this section applies, and this section shall apply accordingly to any class of development which is for the time being so designated. (2)An application for planning permission for development of any class to which this section applies shall not be entertained by the local planning authority unless it is accompanied— (a)by a copy of a notice of the application, in such form as may be prescribed by a development order, and by such evidence as may be so prescribed that the notice has been published in a local newspaper circulating in the locality in which the land to which the application relates is situated ; and (b)by one or other of the following certificates, signed by or on behalf of the applicant, that is to say— (i)a certificate stating that he has complied with subsection (3) of this section and when he did so; or (ii)a certificate stating that he has been unable to comply with it because he has not such rights of access or other rights in respect of the land as would enable him to do so, but that he has taken such reasonable steps as are open to him (specifying them) to acquire those rights and has been unable to acquire them. (3)In order to comply with this subsection a person must— (a)post on the land a notice, in such form as may be prescribed by a development order, stating that the application for planning permission is to be made; and (b)leave the notice in position for not less than seven days in a period of not more than one month immediately preceding the making of the application to the local planning authority. (4)The said notice must be posted by affixing it firmly to some object on the land, and must be sited and displayed in such a way as to be easily visible and legible by members of the public without going on the land. (5)The applicant shall not be treated as unable to comply with subsection (3) of this section if the notice is, without any fault or intention of his, removed, obscured or defaced before the seven days referred to in subsection (3)(b) of this section have elapsed, so long as he has taken reasonable steps for its protection and, if need be, replacement; and, if he has cause to rely on this subsection, his certificate under subsection (2)(b) of this section shall state the relevant circumstances. (6)The notice mentioned in subsection (2)(a) or required by subsection (3) of this section shall (in addition to any other matters required to be contained therein) name a place within the locality where a copy of the application for planning permission, and of all plans and other documents submitted with it, will be open to inspection by the public at all reasonable hours during such period as may be specified in the notice, not being a period of less than twenty-one days beginning with the date on which the notice is published or first posted, as the case may be. (7)An application for planning permission for development of any class to which this section applies shall not be determined by the local planning authority before the end of the period of twenty-one days beginning with the date of the application. (8)If any person issues a certificate which purports to comply with the requirements of subsection (2)(b) of this section and which contains a statement which he knows to be false or misleading in a material particular, or recklessly issues a certificate which purports to comply with those requirements and which contains a statement which is false or misleading in a material particular, he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £100. (9)Any certificate issued for the purpose of this section shall be in such form as may be prescribed by a development order. 27Notification of applications to owners and agricultural tenants (1)Without prejudice to section 26 of this Act, a local planning authority shall not entertain any application for planning permission unless it is accompanied by one or other of the following certificates signed by or on behalf of the applicant, that is to say— (a)a certificate stating that, in respect of every part of the land to which the application relates, the applicant is either the estate owner in respect of the fee simple or is entitled to a tenancy thereof; (b)a certificate stating that the applicant has given the requisite notice of the application to all the persons (other than the applicant) who, at the beginning of the period of twenty-one days ending with the date of the application, were owners of any of the land to which the application relates, and setting out the names of those persons, the addresses at which notice of the application was given to them respectively, and the date of service of each such notice; (c)a certificate stating that the applicant is unable to issue a certificate in accordance with either of the preceding paragraphs, that he has given the requisite notice of the application to such one or more of the persons mentioned in the last preceding paragraph as are specified in the certificate (setting out their names, the addresses at which notice of the application was given to them respectively, and the date of the service of each such notice), that he has taken such steps as are reasonably open to him (specifying them) to ascertain the names and addresses of the remainder of those persons and that he has been unable to do so; (d)a certificate stating that the applicant is unable to issue a certificate in accordance with paragraph (a) of this subsection, that he has taken such steps as are reasonably open to him (specifying them) to ascertain the names and addresses of the persons mentioned in paragraph (b) of this subsection and that he has been unable to do so. (2)Any such certificate as is mentioned in paragraph (c) or paragraph (d) of subsection (1) of this section shall also contain a statement that the requisite notice of the application, as set out in the certificate, has on a date specified in the certificate (being a date not earlier than the beginning of the period mentioned in paragraph (b) of that subsection) been published in a local newspaper circulating in the locality in which the land in question is situated. (3)In addition to any other matters required to be contained in a certificate issued for the purposes of this section, every such certificate shall contain one or other of the following statements, that is to say— (a)a statement that none of the land to which the application relates constitutes or forms part of an agricultural holding; (b)a statement that the applicant has given the requisite notice of the application to every person (other than the applicant) who, at the beginning of the period of twenty-one days ending with the date of the application, was a tenant of any agricultural holding any part of which was comprised in the land to which the application relates, and setting out the name of each such person, the address at which notice of the application was given to him, and the date of service of that notice. (4)Where an application for planning permission is accompanied by such a certificate as is mentioned in subsection (1)(b), (c) or (d) of this section, or by a certificate containing a statement in accordance with subsection (3)(b) of this section, the local planning authority shall not determine the application before the end of the period of twenty-one days beginning with the date appearing from the certificate to be the latest of the dates of service of notices as mentioned in the certificate, or the date of publication of a notice as therein mentioned, whichever is the later. (5)If any person issues any certificate which purports to comply with the requirements of this section and which contains a statement which he knows to be false or misleading in a material particular, or recklessly issues a certificate which purports to comply with those requirements and which contains a statement which is false or misleading in a material particular, he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £100. (6)Any certificate issued for the purposes of this section shall be in such form as may be prescribed by a development order; and any reference in any provision of this section to the requisite notice, where a form of notice is prescribed by a development order for the purposes of that provision, is a reference to a notice in that form. (7)In this section "owner", in relation to any land, means a person who is for the time being the estate owner in respect of the fee simple thereof or is entitled to a tenancy thereof granted or extended for a term of years certain of which not less than ten years remain unexpired, and " agricultural holding " has the same meaning as in the Agricultural Holdings Act 1948. 28Publicity for applications affecting conservation areas (1)This section applies where an application for planning permission for any development of land is made to a local planning authority and either— (a)the development would, in the opinion of the authority, affect the character or appearance of a conservation area; or (b)the development is of a kind specified by the Secretary of State for the purposes of this section and in respect of land in or adjacent to a conservation area. (2)The local planning authority shall— (a)publish in a local newspaper circulating in the locality in which the land is situated ; and (b)for not less than seven days display on or near the land,a notice indicating the nature of the development in question and naming a place within the locality where a copy of the application, and of all plans and other documents submitted with it, will be open to inspection by the public at all reasonable hours during the period of twenty-one days beginning with the date of publication of the notice under paragraph (a) of this subsection. (3)The application shall not be determined by the local planning authority before both the following periods have elapsed, namely— (a)the period of twenty-one days referred to in subsection (2) of this section ; and (b)the period of twenty-one days beginning with the date on which the notice required by that subsection to be displayed was first displayed. Determination by local planning authorities of applications for planning permission 29Determination of applications (1)Subject to the provisions of sections 26 to 28 of this Act, and to the following provisions of this Act, where an application is made to a local planning authority for planning permission, that authority, in dealing with the application, shall have regard to the provisions of the development plan, so far as material to the application, and to any other material considerations, and— (a)subject to sections 41, 42, 70 and 77 to 80 of this Act, may grant planning permission, either unconditionally or subject to such conditions as they think fit; or (b)may refuse planning permission. (2)In determining any application for planning permission for development of a class to which section 26 of this Act applies, the local planning authority shall take into account any representations relating to that application which are received by them before the end of the period of twenty-one days beginning with the date of the application. (3)Where an application for planning permission is accompanied by such a certificate as is mentioned in subsection (1)(b), (c) or (d) of section 27 of this Act, or by a certificate containing a statement in accordance with subsection (3) (b) of that section, the local planning authority— (a)in determining the application, shall take into account any representations relating thereto which are made to them, before the end of the period mentioned in subsection (4) of that section, by any person who satisfies them that he is an owner of any land to which the application relates or that he is the tenant of an agricultural holding any part of which is comprised in that land; and (b)shall give notice of their decision to every person who has made representations which they were required to take into account in accordance with the preceding paragraph. (4)In determining any application for planning permission to which section 28 of this Act applies, the local planning authority shall take into account any representations relating to the application which are received by them before the periods mentioned in subsection (3) of that section have elapsed. (5)Before a local planning authority grant planning permission for the use of land as a caravan site, they shall, unless they are also the authority having power to issue a site licence for that land, consult the local authority having that power. (6)In this section " site licence " means a licence under Part I of the Caravan Sites and Control of Development Act 1960 authorising the use of land as a caravan site and "owner" and "agricultural holding" have the same meanings as in section 27 of this Act. . 30Conditional grant of planning permission (1)Without prejudice to the generality of section 29(1) of this Act, conditions may be imposed on the grant of planning permission thereunder— (a)for regulating the development or use of any land under the control of the applicant (whether or not it is land in respect of which the application was made) or requiring the carrying out of works on any such land, so far as appears to the local planning authority to be expedient for the purposes of or in connection with the development authorised by the permission; (b)for requiring the removal of any buildings or works authorised by the permission, or the discontinuance of any use of land so authorised, at the end of a specified period, and the carrying out of any works required for the reinstatement of land at the end of that period. (2)Any planning permission granted subject to such a condition as is mentioned in subsection (1)(b) of this section is in this Act referred to as "planning permission granted for a limited period". (3)Where— (a)planning permission is granted for development consisting of or including the carrying out of building or other operations subject to a condition that the operations shall be commenced not later than a time specified in the condition (not being a condition attached to the planning permission by or under section 41 or 42 of this Act); and (b)any building or other operations are commenced after the time so specified,the commencement and carrying out of those operations do not constitute development for which that permission was granted. 31Directions etc. as to method of dealing with applications (1)Subject to the provisions of section 29(2) to (5) of this Act, provision may be made by a development order for regulating the manner in which applications for planning permission to develop land are to be dealt with by local planning authorities, and in particular— (a)for enabling the Secretary of State to give directions restricting the grant of planning permission by the local planning authority, either indefinitely or during such period as may be specified in the directions, in respect of any such development, or in respect of development of any such class, as may be so specified; (b)for authorising the local planning authority, in such cases and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by the order, or by directions given by the Secretary of State thereunder, to grant planning permission for development which does not accord with the provisions of the development plan; (c)for requiring the local planning authority, before granting or refusing planning permission for any development, to consult with such authorities or persons as may be prescribed by the order or by directions given by the Secretary of State thereunder ; (d)for requiring the local planning authority to give to any applicant for planning permission, within such time as may be prescribed by the order, such notice as may be so prescribed as to the manner in which his application has been dealt with; (e)for requiring the local planning authority to give to the Secretary of State, and to such other persons as may be prescribed by or under the order, such information as may be so prescribed with respect to applications for planning permission made to the authority, including information as to the manner in which any such application has been dealt with. (2)The Secretary of State may give directions to local planning authorities with respect to the matters which they are to take into consideration in determining an application to which section 28 of this Act applies and with respect to the consultations which such authorities are to undertake before determining any such application. (3)Different directions may under subsection (2) of this section be given to different local planning authorities; and any such directions may require an authority— (a)before determining an application to consult such persons or bodies of persons as the Secretary of State may specify, being persons or bodies appearing to him to be competent to give advice in relation to the development or description of development to which the directions have reference; (b)to supply to any person or body, whom they are required by the directions to consult, specified documents or information enabling the body to form an opinion on which to base their advice; (c)to establish committees, consisting either of members of the authority or of other persons, or of both, to advise the authority in relation to the determination of any application referred to in subsection (2) of this section. 32Permission to retain buildings or works or continue use of land (1)An application for planning permission may relate to buildings or works constructed or carried out, or a use of land instituted, before the date of the application, whether— (a)the buildings or works were constructed or earned out, or the use instituted, without planning permission or in accordance with planning permission granted for a limited period; or (b)the application is for permission to retain the buildings or works, or continue the use of the land, without complying with some condition subject to which a previous planning permission was granted. (2)Any power to grant planning permission to develop land under this Act shall include power to grant planning permission for the retention on land of buildings or works constructed or carried out, or for the continuance of a use of land instituted, as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section; and references in this Act to planning permission to develop land or to carry out any development of land, and to applications for such permission, shall be construed accordingly:Provided that this subsection shall not affect the construction of section 26, 28, 29(2) or (4) or 59, of sections 66 to 86 or of Part VII of this Act. (3)Any planning permission granted in accordance with subsection (2) of this section may be granted so as to take effect from the date on which the buildings or works were constructed or carried out, or the use was instituted, or (in the case of buildings or works constructed or a use instituted in accordance with planning permission granted for a limited period) so as to take effect from the end of that period, as the case may be. 33Provisions as to effect of planning permission (1)Without prejudice to the provisions of this Part of this Act as to the duration, revocation or modification of planning permission, any grant of planning permission to develop land shall (except in so far as the permission otherwise provides) enure for the benefit of the land and of all persons for the time being interested therein. (2)Where planning permission is granted for the erection of a building, the grant of permission may specify the purposes for which the building may be used; and if no purpose is so specified, the permission shall be construed as including permission to use the building for the purpose for which it is designed. 34Registers of applications and decisions (1)Every local planning authority shall keep, in such manner as may be prescribed by a development order, a register containing such information as may be so prescribed with respect to applications for planning permission made to that authority, including information as to the manner in which such applications have been dealt with. (2)A development order may make provision for the register to be kept in two or more parts, each part containing such information relating to applications for planning permission made to the authority as may be prescribed by the order, and may also make provision— (a)for a specified part of the register to contain copies of applications and of any plans or drawings submitted therewith; and (b)for the entry relating to any application, and every thing relating thereto, to be removed from that part of the register when the application (including any appeal arising out of it) has been finally disposed of, without prejudice to the inclusion- of any different entry relating thereto in another part of the register. (3)Every register kept under this section shall be available for inspection by the public at all reasonable hours. Secretary of State's powers in relation to planning applications and decisions 35Reference of applications to Secretary of State (1)The Secretary of State may give directions requiring applications for planning permission, or for the approval of any local planning authority required under a development order, to be referred to him instead of being dealt with by local planning authorities. (2)A direction under this section— (a)may be given either to a particular local planning authority or to local planning authorities generally; and (b)may relate either to a particular application or to applications of a class specified in the direction. (3)Any application in respect of which a direction under this section has effect shall be referred to the Secretary of State accordingly. (4)Subject to subsection (5) of this section, where an application for planning permission is referred to the Secretary of State under this section, the following provisions of this Act, that is to say, sections 26(2) and (7), 27, 29(1) to (3) and 30(1), shall apply, with any necessary modifications, as they apply to an application for planning permission which falls to be determined by the local planning authority. (5)Before determining an application referred to him under this section, other than an application for planning permission referred to a Planning Inquiry Commission under section 48 of this Act, the Secretary of State shall, if either the applicant or the local planning authority so desire, afford to each of them an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose. (6)The decision of the Secretary of State on any application referred to him under this section shall be final. 36Appeals against planning decisions (1)Where an application is made to a local planning authority for planning permission to develop land, or for any approval of that authority required under a development order, and that permission or approval is refused by that authority or is granted by them subject to conditions, the applicant, if he is aggrieved by their decision, may by notice under this section appeal to the Secretary of State. (2)Any notice under this section shall be served within such time (not being less than twenty-eight days from the date of notification of the decision to which it relates) and in such manner as may be prescribed by a development order. (3)Where an appeal is brought under this section from a decision of a local planning authority, the Secretary of State, subject to the following provisions of this section, may allow or dismiss the appeal, or may reverse or vary any part of the decision of the local planning authority, whether the appeal relates to that part thereof or not, and may deal with the application as if it had been made to him in the first instance. (4)Before determining an appeal under this section, other than an appeal referred to a Planning Inquiry Commission under section 48 of this Act, the Secretary of State shall, if either the applicant or the local planning authority so desire, afford to each of them an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose. (5)Subject to subsection (4) of this section, the following provisions of this Act, that is to say, sections 27, 29(1) and (3) and 30(1) shall apply, with any necessary modifications, in relation to an appeal to the Secretary of State under this section as they apply in relation to an application for planning permission which falls to be determined by the local planning authority. (6)The decision of the Secretary of State on any appeal under this section shall be final. (7)If before or during the determination of an appeal under this section in respect of an application for planning permission to develop land, the Secretary of State forms the opinion that, having regard to the provisions of sections 29(1), 30(1), 67 and 74 of this Act and of the development order and to any directions given under that order, planning permission for that development— (a)could not have been granted by the local planning authority; or (b)could not have been granted by them otherwise than subject to the conditions imposed by them,he may decline to determine the appeal or to proceed with the determination. (8)Schedule 9 to this Act applies to appeals under this section, including appeals under this section as applied by or under any other provision of this Act. 37Appeal in default of planning decision Where an application is made to a local planning authority for planning permission, or for any approval of that authority required under a development order, then unless within such period as may be prescribed by the development order, or within such extended period as may at any time be agreed upon in writing between the applicant and the local planning authority, the local planning authority either— (a)give notice to the applicant of their decision on the application; or (b)give notice to him that the application has been referred to the Secretary of State in accordance with directions given under section 35 of this Act,the provisions of section 36 of this Act shall apply in relation to the application as if the permission or approval to which it relates had been refused by the local planning authority, and as if notification of their decision had been received by the applicant at the end of the period prescribed by the development order, or at the end of the said extended period, as the case may be. 38Review of planning decisions where compensation claimed (1)The provisions of this section and of section 39 of this Act shall have effect where, in accordance with the provisions of Part VII of this Act; one or more claims for compensation in respect of a planning decision have been transmitted to the Secretary of State, and the claim, or (if there is more than one) one or more of the claims, has not been withdrawn. (2)If, in the case of a planning decision of the local planning authority, it appears to the Secretary of State that, if the application for permission to develop the land in question had been referred to him for determination, he would have made a decision more favourable to the applicant, the Secretary of State may give a direction substituting that decision for the decision of the local planning authority. (3)If, in any case, it appears to the Secretary of State that planning permission could properly be granted (either unconditionally or subject to certain conditions) for some development of the land in question other than the development to which the application for planning permission related, the Secretary of State may give a direction that the provisions of this Act shall have effect in relation to that application and to the planning decision— (a)as if the application had included an application for permission for that other development, and the decision had included the grant of planning permission (unconditionally or subject to the said conditions, as the case may be) for that development; or (b)as if the decision had been a decision of the Secretary of State and had included an undertaking to grant planning permission (unconditionally or subject to the said conditions, as the case may be) for that development,as may be specified in the direction. (4)The reference in subsection (2) of this section to a decision more favourable to the applicant shall be construed— (a)in relation to a refusal of permission, as a reference to a decision granting the permission, either unconditionally or subject to conditions, and either in respect of the whole of the land to which the application for permission related or in respect of part of that land; and (b)in relation to a grant of permission subject to conditions, as a reference to a decision granting the permission applied for unconditionally or subject to less stringent conditions. 39Provisions supplementary to s.38 (1)Before giving a direction under section 38 of this Act the Secretary of State shall give notice in writing of his proposed direction to the local planning authority to whose decision that direction relates, and to any person who made, and has not since withdrawn, a claim for compensation in respect of that decision; and, if so required by the local planning authority or by any such person, shall afford to each of them an opportunity to appear before, and be heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose. (2)In giving any direction under section 38 of this Act, the Secretary of State shall have regard to the provisions of the development plan for the area in which the land in question is situated, in so far as those provisions are material to the development of that land, and shall also have regard to the local circumstances affecting the proposed development, including the use which prevails generally in the case of contiguous or adjacent land, and to any other material considerations. (3)Where the Secretary of State gives a direction under section 38 of this Act, he shall give notice of the direction to the local planning authority to whose decision the direction relates, and to every person (if any) who made, and has not since withdrawn, a claim for compensation in respect of that decision. Deemed planning permission 40Development by local authorities and statutory undertakers with authorisation of government department (1)Where the authorisation of a government department is required by virtue of an enactment in respect of development to be carried out by a local authority, or by statutory undertakers not being a local authority, that department may, on granting that authorisation, direct that planning permission for that development shall be deemed to be granted, subject to such conditions (if any) as may be specified in the directions. (2)The provisions of this Act (except Parts VII and XII thereof) shall apply in relation to any planning permission deemed to be granted by virtue of directions under this section as if it had been granted by the Secretary of State on an application referred to him under section 35 of this Act. (3)For the purposes of this section development shall be taken to be authorised by a government department if— (a)any consent, authority or approval to or for the development is granted by the department in pursuance of an enactment; (b)a compulsory purchase order is confirmed by the department authorising the purchase of land for the purpose of the development; (c)consent is granted by the department to the appropriation of land for the purpose of the development or the acquisition of land by agreement for that purpose ; (d)authority is given by the department for the borrowing of money for the purpose of the development, or for the application for that purpose of any money not otherwise so applicable; or (e)any undertaking is given by the department to pay a grant in respect of the development in accordance with an enactment authorising the payment of such grants,and references in this section to the authorisation of a government department shall be construed accordingly. Duration of planning permission 41Limit of duration of planning permission (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, every planning permission granted or deemed to be granted shall be granted or, as the case may be, be deemed to be granted, subject to the condition that the development to which it relates must be begun not later than the expiration of— (a)five years beginning with the date on which the permission is granted or, as the case may be, deemed to be granted; or (b)such other period (whether longer or shorter) beginning with the said date as the authority concerned with the terms of the planning permission may direct, being a period which the authority considers appropriate having regard to the provisions of the development plan and to any other material considerations. (2)If planning permission is granted without the condition required by subsection (1) of this section, it shall be deemed to have been granted subject to the condition that the development to which it relates must be begun not later than the expiration of five years beginning with the date of the grant. (3)Nothing in this section applies— (a)to any planning permission granted by a development order; (b)to any planning permission granted for a limited period ; (c)to any planning permission granted under section 32 of this Act on an application relating to buildings or works completed, or a use of land instituted, before the date of the application ; or (d)to any outline planning permission, as defined by section 42 of this Act. 42Outline planning permission (1)In this section and section 41 of this Act " outline planning permission" means planning permission granted, in accordance with the provisions of a development order, with the reservation for subsequent approval by the local planning authority or the Secretary of State of matters (referred to in this section as "reserved matters") not particularised in the application. (2)Subject to the provisions of this section, where outline planning permission is granted for development consisting in or including the carrying out of building or other operations, it shall be granted subject to conditions to the following effect— (a)that, in the case of any reserved matter, application for approval must be made not later than the expiration of three years beginning with the date of the grant of outline planning permission ; and (b)that the development to which the permission relates must be begun not later than whichever is the later of the following dates— (i)the expiration of five years from the date of the grant of outline planning permission; or (ii)the expiration of two years from the final approval of the reserved matters or, in the case of approval on different dates, the final approval of the last such matter to be approved. (3)If outline planning permission is granted without the conditions required by subsection (2) of this section, it shall be deemed to have been granted subject to those conditions. (4)The authority concerned with the terms of an outline planning permission may, in applying subsection (2) of this section, substitute, or direct that there be substituted, for the periods of three years, five years or two years referred to in that subsection such other periods respectively (whether longer or shorter) as they consider appropriate. (5)The said authority may, in applying the said subsection, specify, or direct that there be specified, separate periods under paragraph (a) of the subsection in relation to separate parts of the development to which the planning permission relates; and, if they do so, the condition required by paragraph (b) of the subsection shall then be framed correspondingly by reference to those parts, instead of by reference to the development as a whole. (6)In considering whether to exercise their powers under subsections (4) and (5) of this section, the said authority shall have regard to the provisions of the development plan and to any other material considerations. 43Provisions supplementary to ss.41 and 42 (1)For the purposes of sections 41 and 42 of this Act, development shall be taken to be begun on the earliest date on which any specified operation comprised in the development begins to be carried out. (2)In subsection (1) of this section "specified operation" means any of the following, that is to say— (a)any work of construction in the course of the erection of a building ; (b)the digging of a trench which is to contain the foundations, or part of the foundations, of a building; (c)the laying of any underground main or pipe to the foundations, or part of the foundations, of a building or to any such trench as is mentioned in the last preceding paragraph; (d)any operation in the course of laying out or constructing a road or part of a road; (e)any change in the use of any land, where that change constitutes material development. (3)In subsection (2) (e) of this section " material development " means any development other than— (a)development for which planning permission is granted by a general development order for the time being in force and which is carried out so as to comply with any condition or limitation subject to which planning permission is so granted ; (b)development falling within any of paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 5 to 8 of Schedule 8 to this Act, as read with part III of that Schedule; and (c)development of any class prescribed for the purposes of this subsection;and in this subsection "general development order" means a development order made as a general order applicable (subject to such exceptions as may be specified therein) to all land in England and Wales. (4)The authority referred to in sections 41(1)(b) and 42(4) of this Act is the local planning authority or the Secretary of State, in the case of planning permission granted by them, and in the case of planning permission under section 40 of this Act is the department on whose direction planning permission is deemed to be granted. (5)For the purposes of section 42 of this Act, a reserved matter shall be treated as finally approved when an application for approval is granted or, in a case where the application is made to the local planning authority and there is an appeal to the Secretary of State against the authority's decision on the application and the Secretary of State grants the approval, on the date of the determination of the appeal. (6)Where a local planning authority grant planning permission, the fact that any of the conditions of the permission are required by the provisions of sections 41 or 42 of this Act to be imposed, or are deemed by those provisions to be imposed, shall not prevent the conditions being the subject of an appeal under section 36 of this Act against the decision of the authority. (7)In the case of planning permission (whether outline or other) having conditions attached to it by or under section 41 or 42 of this Act— (a)development carried out after the date by which the conditions of the permission require it to be carried out shall be treated as not authorised by the permission; and (b)an application for approval of a reserved matter, if it is made after the date by which the conditions require it to be made, shall be treated as not made in accordance with the terms of the permission. 44Termination of planning permission by reference to time limit (1)The following provisions of this section shall have effect where, by virtue of section 41 or 42 of this Act, a planning permission is subject to a condition that the development to which the permission relates must be begun before the expiration of a particular period and that development has been begun within that period but the period has elapsed without the development having been completed. (2)'If the local planning authority are of opinion that the development will not be completed within a reasonable period, they may serve a notice (in this section referred to as a " completion notice ") stating that the planning permission will cease to have effect at the expiration of a further period specified in the notice, being a period of not less than twelve months after the notice takes effect. (3)A completion notice— (a)shall be served on the owner and on the occupier of the land and on any other person who in the opinion of the local planning authority will be affected by the notice; and (b)shall take effect only if and when it is confirmed by the Secretary of State, who may in confirming it substitute some longer period for that specified in the notice as the period at the expiration of which the planning permission is to cease to have effect. (4)If, within such period as may be specified in a completion notice (not being less than twenty-eight days from the service thereof) any person on whom the notice is served so requires, the Secretary of State, before confirming the notice, shall afford to that person and to the local planning authority an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose. (5)If a completion notice takes effect, the planning permission therein referred to shall at the expiration of the period specified in the notice, whether the original period specified under subsection (2) of this section or a longer period substituted by the Secretary of State under subsection (3) of this section, be invalid except so far as it authorises any development carried out thereunder up to the end of that period. (6)The local planning authority may withdraw a completion notice at any time before the expiration of the period specified therein as the period at the expiration of which the planning permission is to cease to have effect; and if they do so they shall forthwith give notice of the withdrawal to every person who was served with the completion notice. Revocation or modification of planning permission 45Power to revoke or modify planning permission (1)if it appears to the local planning authority, having regard to the development plan and to any other material considerations, that it is expedient to revoke or modify any permission to develop land granted on an application made under this Part of this Act, the authority, subject to the following provisions of this section, may by order revoke or modify the permission to such extent as (having regard to those matters) they consider expedient. (2)Except as provided in section 46 of this Act, an order under this section shall not take effect unless it is confirmed by the Secretary of State; and the Secretary of State may confirm any such order submitted to him either without modification or subject to such modifications as he considers expedient. (3)Where a local planning authority submit an order to the Secretary of State for his confirmation under this section, the authority shall serve notice on the owner and on the occupier of the land affected and on any other person who in their opinion will be affected by the order; and if within such period as may be specified in that notice (not being less than twenty-eight days from the service thereof) any person on whom the notice is served so requires, the Secretary of State, before confirming the order, shall afford to that person and to the local planning authority an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose. (4)The power conferred by this section to revoke or modify permission to develop land may be exercised— (a)where the permission relates to the carrying out of building or other operations, at any time before those operations have been completed; (b)where the permission relates to a change of the use of any land, at any time before the change has taken place:Provided that the revocation or modification of permission for the carrying out of building or other operations shall not affect so much of those operations as has been previously carried out. 46Unopposed revocation or modification (1)The following provisions shall have effect where the local planning authority have made an order under section 45 of this Act but have not submitted the order to the Secretary of State for confirmation by him, and— (a)the owner and the occupier of the land and all persons who in the authority's opinion will be affected by the order have notified the authority in writing that they do not object to the order; and (b)it appears to the authority that no claim for compensation is likely to arise under section 164 of this Act on account of the order. (2)The authority shall advertise in the prescribed manner the fact that the order has been made, and the advertisement shall specify— (a)the period (not being less than twenty-eight days from the date on which the advertisement first appears) within which persons affected by the order may give notice to the Secretary of State that they wish for an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose; and (b)the period (not being less than fourteen days from the expiration of the period referred to in paragraph (a) of this subsection) at the expiration of which, if no such notice is given to the Secretary of State, the order may take effect by virtue of this section and without being confirmed by the Secretary of State. (3)The authority shall also serve notice to the same effect on the persons mentioned in subsection (1)(a) of this section, and the notice shall include a statement to the effect that no compensation is payable under section 164 of this Act in respect of an order under section 45 of this Act which takes effect by virtue of this section and without being confirmed by the Secretary of State. (4)The authority shall send a copy of any advertisement published under subsection (2) of this section to the Secretary of State, not more than three days after the publication. (5)If within the period referred to in subsection (2) (a) of this section no person claiming to be affected by the order has given notice to the Secretary of State as aforesaid, and the Secretary of State has not directed that the order be submitted to him for confirmation, the order shall, at the expiration of the period referred to in subsection (2)(b) of this section, take effect by virtue of this section and without being confirmed by the Secretary of State as required by section 45(2) of this Act. (6)This section does not apply to an order revoking or modifying a planning permission granted or deemed to have been granted by the Secretary of State under this Part of this Act or under Part IV or V thereof; nor does it apply to an order modifying any conditions to which a planning permission is subject by virtue of section 41 or 42 of this Act. Reference of certain matters to Planning Inquiry Commission or independent tribunal 47Constitution of Planning Inquiry Commission (1)The Secretary of State may constitute a Planning Inquiry Commission to inquire into and report on any matter referred to them under section 48 of this Act. (2)Any such commission shall consist of a chairman and not less than two nor more than four other members appointed by the Secretary of State. (3)The Secretary of State may pay to the members of any such commission such remuneration and allowances as he may with the consent of the Minister for the Civil Service determine, and may provide for each such commission such officers or servants and such accommodation, as appears to him expedient to provide for the purpose of assisting the commission in the discharge of their functions. (4)The validity of any proceedings of any such commission shall not be affected by any vacancy among the members of the commission or by any defect in the appointment of any member. (5)In Part II of Schedule 1 to the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1957 (commissions, tribunals and other bodies all members of which are disqualified under that Act), in its application to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the following entry shall be inserted at the appropriate place in alphabetical order:— “A Planning Inquiry Commission constituted under Part III of the Town and Country Planning Act 1971". (6)The " Secretary of State ", in relation to any matter affecting both England and Wales, means in subsections (1) and (2) of this section the Secretaries of State for the time being having general responsibility in planning matters in relation to England and in relation to Wales acting jointly, and in subsection (3) of this section one of those Secretaries of State authorised by the other to act on behalf of both of them for the purposes of that subsection. 48References to a Planning Inquiry Commission (1)The following matters may, in the circumstances mentioned in subsection (2) of this section, be referred to a Planning Inquiry Commission, that is to say— (a)an application for planning permission which the Secretary of State has under section 35 of this Act directed to be referred to him instead of being dealt with by a local planning authority; (b)an appeal under section 36 of this Act (including that section as applied by or under any other provision of this Act); (c)a proposal that a government department should give a direction under section 40 of this Act that planning permission shall be deemed to be granted for development by a local authority or by statutory undertakers which is required by any enactment to be authorised by that department; (d)a proposal that development should be carried out by or on behalf of a government department. (2)Any of the matters mentioned in subsection (1) of this section may be referred to any such commission under this section if it appears expedient to the responsible Minister or Ministers that the question whether the proposed development should be permitted to be carried out should be the subject of a special inquiry on either or both of the following grounds— (a)there are considerations of national or regional importance which are relevant to the determination of that question and require evaluation, but a proper evaluation thereof cannot be made unless there is a special inquiry for the purpose ; (b)the technical or scientific aspects of the proposed development are of so unfamiliar a character as to jeopardise a proper determination of that question unless there is a special inquiry for the purpose. (3)Two or more of the matters mentioned in subsection (1) of this section may be referred to the same commission under this section if it appears to the responsible Minister or Ministers that they relate to proposals to carry out development for similar purposes on different sites. (4)Where a matter referred to a commission under this section relates to a proposal to carry out development for any purpose at a particular site, the responsible Minister or Ministers may also refer to the commission the question whether development for that purpose should instead be carried out at an alternative site. (5)The responsible Minister or Ministers shall, on referring a matter to a commission under this section, state in the reference the reasons therefor and may draw the attention of the commission to any points which seem to him or them to be relevant to their inquiry. (6)A commission inquiring into a matter referred to them under this section shall— (a)identify and investigate the considerations relevant to, or the technical or scientific aspects of, that matter which in their opinion are relevant to the question whether the proposed development should be permitted to be carried out and assess the importance to be attached to those considerations or aspects ; (b)thereafter, if the applicant, in the case of a matter mentioned in subsection (1)(a), (b) or (c) of this section, or the local planning authority in any case so desire, afford to each of them, and, in the case of an application or appeal mentioned in the said subsection (1)(a) or (b), to any person who has made representations relating to the subject matter of the application or appeal which the authority are required to take into account under section 29 (2) or (3) of this Act, an opportunity of appearing before and being heard by one or more members of the commission; (c)report to the responsible Minister or Ministers on the matter referred to them. (7)Any such commission may, with the approval of the Secretary of State and at his expense, arrange for the carrying out (whether by the commission themselves or by others) of research of any kind appearing to them to be relevant to a matter referred to them for inquiry and report. In this subsection "the Secretary of State", in relation to any matter affecting both England and Wales, means the Secretary of State for the time being having general responsibility in planning matters in relation to England or the Secretary of State for the time being having such responsibility in relation to Wales acting, by arrangements between the two of them, on behalf of both. (8)Schedule 10 to this Act shall have effect for the construction of references in this section and in section 49 of this Act to " the responsible Minister or Ministers ". 49Procedure on reference to a Planning Inquiry Commission (1)A reference to a Planning Inquiry Commission of a proposal that development should be carried out by or on behalf of a government department may be made at any time and a reference of any other matter mentioned in section 48 of this Act may be made at any time before, but not after, the determination of the relevant application referred under section 35 of this Act or the relevant appeal under section 36 of this Act or, as the case may be, the giving of the relevant direction under section 40 of this Act, notwithstanding that an inquiry or other hearing has been held into the proposal by a person appointed by any Minister for the purpose. (2)Notice of the making of a reference to any such commission shall be published in the prescribed manner, and a copy of the notice shall be served on the local planning authority for the area in which it is proposed that the relevant development shall be carried out, and— (a)in the case of an application for planning permission referred under section 35 of this Act or an appeal under section 36 of this Act, on the applicant and any person who has made representations relating to the subject matter of the application or appeal which the authority are required to take into account under section 29 (2) or (3) of this Act; (b)in the case of a proposal that a direction should be given under section 40 of this Act with respect to any development, on the local authority or statutory undertakers applying for authorisation to carry out that development. (3)A Planning Inquiry Commission shall, for the purpose of complying with section 48(6)(b) of this Act, hold a local inquiry; and they may hold such an inquiry, if they think it necessary for the proper discharge of their functions, notwithstanding that neither the applicant nor the local planning authority desire an opportunity of appearing and being heard. (4)Where a Planning Inquiry Commission are to hold a local inquiry under subsection (3) of this section in connection with a matter referred to them, and it appears to the responsible Minister or Ministers, in the case of some other matter falling to be determined by a Minister of the Crown and required or authorised by an enactment other than this section to be the subject of a local inquiry, that the two matters are so far cognate that they should be considered together, he or, as the case may be, they may direct that the two inquiries be held concurrently or combined as one inquiry. (5)An inquiry held by such a commission under this section shall be treated for the purposes of the Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1971 as one held by a Minister in pursuance of a duty imposed by a statutory provision. (6)Subsections (2) to (5) of section 290 of the Local Government Act 1933 (evidence and costs at local inquiries) shall apply in relation to an inquiry held under subsection (3) of this section as they apply in relation to an inquiry caused to be held by a department under subsection (1) of that section, with the substitution for references to a department (other than the first reference in subsection (4)) of references to the responsible Minister or Ministers. (7)Subject to the provisions of this section and to any directions given to them by the responsible Minister or Ministers, a Planning Inquiry Commission shall have power to regulate their own procedure. 50Appeal to independent tribunal (1)Provision may be made by a development order for securing that, in the case of decisions of a local planning authority of such classes as may be prescribed by the order, being decisions relating to the design or external appearance of buildings or other similar matters, any appeal under section 36 of this Act shall lie to an independent tribunal constituted in accordance with the provisions of that order, instead of being an appeal to the Secretary of State; and in relation to any such appeal the provisions of that section (except subsections (7) and (8) and, in subsection (5) thereof, the references to sections 27 and 29(3) of this Act) and the provisions of section 37 of this Act shall apply, subject to such adaptations and modifications as may be specified in the order, as they apply in relation to appeals to the Secretary of State under the said section 36. (2)If any tribunal is constituted in accordance with subsection (1) of this section, the Secretary of State may pay to the chairman and members of the tribunal such remuneration, whether by way of salaries or by way of fees, and such reasonable allowances in respect of expenses properly incurred in the performance of their duties, as the Minister for the Civil Service may determine. Additional powers of control 51Orders requiring discontinuance of use or alteration or removal of buildings or works (1)If it appears to a local planning authority that it is expedient in the interests of the proper planning of their area (including the interests of amenity), regard being had to the development plan and to any other material considerations— (a)that any use of land should be discontinued, or that any conditions should be imposed on the continuance of a use of land; or (b)that any buildings or works should be altered or removed,the local planning authority may by order require the discontinuance of that use, or impose such conditions as may be specified in the order on the continuance thereof, or require such steps as may be so specified to be taken for the alteration or removal of the buildings or works, as the case may be. (2)An order under this section may grant planning permission for any development of the land to which the order relates, subject to such conditions as may be specified in the order; and the provisions of section 45 of this Act shall apply in relation to any planning permission granted by an order under this section as they apply in relation to planning permission granted by the local planning authority on an application made under this Part of this Act. (3)The power conferred by subsection (2) of this section shall include power, by an order under this section, to grant planning permission, subject to such conditions as may be specified in the order— (a)for the retention, on the land to which the order relates, of buildings or works constructed or carried out before the date on which the order was submitted to the Secretary of State ; or (b)for the continuance of a use of that land instituted before that date;and subsection (3) of section 32 of this Act shall apply to planning permission granted by virtue of this subsection as it applies to planning permission granted in accordance with subsection (2) of that section. (4)An order under this section shall not take effect unless it is confirmed by the Secretary of State, either without modification or subject to such modifications as he considers expedient. (5)The power of the Secretary of State under this section to confirm an order subject to modifications shall include power— (a)to modify any provision of the order granting planning permission, as mentioned in subsection (2) or subsection (3) of this section ; (b)to include in the order any grant of planning permission which might have been included in the order as submitted to the Secretary of State. (6)Where a local planning authority submit an order to the Secretary of State for his confirmation under this section, that authority shall serve notice on the owner and oh the occupier of the land affected, and on any other person who in their opinion will be affected by the order; and if within the period specified in that behalf in the notice (not being less than twenty-eight days from the service thereof) any person on whom the notice is served so requires, the Secretary of State, before confirming the order, shall afford to that person and to the local planning authority an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose. (7)Where an order under this section has been confirmed by the Secretary of State, the local planning authority shall serve a copy of the order on the owner and occupier of the land to which the order relates. (8)Where the requirements of an order under this section will involve the displacement of persons residing in any premises, it shall be the duty of the local planning authority, in so far as there is no other residential accommodation suitable to the reasonable requirements of those persons available on reasonable terms, to secure the provision of such accommodation in advance of the displacement. (9)In the case of planning permission granted by an order under this section, the authority referred to in sections 41 (1)(b) and 42(4) of this Act is the local planning authority making the order or, where the Secretary of State in confirming the order exercises his powers under subsection (5) of this section, the Secretary of State. 52Agreements regulating development or use of land (1)A local planning authority may enter into an agreement with any person interested in land in their area for the purpose of restricting or regulating the development or use of the land, either permanently or during such period as may be prescribed by the agreement; and any such agreement may contain such incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions of a financial character) as appear to the local planning authority to be necessary or expedient for the purposes of the agreement. (2)An agreement made under this section with any person interested in land may be enforced by the local planning authority against persons deriving title under that person in respect of that land, as if the local planning authority were possessed of adjacent land and as if the agreement had been expressed to be made for the benefit of such land (3)Nothing in this section or in any agreement made thereunder shall be construed— (a)as restricting the exercise, in relation to land which is the subject of any such agreement, of any powers exercisable by any Minister or authority under this Act so long as those powers are exercised in accordance with the provisions of the development plan, or in accordance with any directions which may have been given by the Secretary of State as to the provisions to be included in such a plan ; or (b)as requiring the exercise of any such powers otherwise than as mentioned in paragraph (a) of this subsection. (4)The power of a local planning authority to make agreements under this section may be exercised also— (a)in relation to land in a county district, by the council of that district; (b)in relation to land in the area of a joint planning board, by the council of the county or county borough in which the land is situated,and references in this section to a local planning authority shall be construed accordingly. Determination whether planning permission required 53Applications to determine whether planning permission required (1)If any person who proposes to carry out any operations on land, or to make any change in the use of land, wishes to have it determined whether the carrying out of those operations, or the making of that change, would constitute or involve development of the land, and, if so, whether an application for planning permission in respect thereof is required under this Part of this Act, having regard to the provisions of the development order, he may, either as part of an application for planning permission, or without any such application, apply to the local planning authority to determine that question. (2)The provisions of sections 24, 29(1), 31(1), 34(1) and (3) and 35 to 37 of this Act shall, subject to any necessary modifications, apply in relation to any application under this section, and to the determination thereof, as they apply in relation to applications for planning permission and to the determination of such applications. Part IV Additional Control in Special Cases Buildings of special architectural or historic interest 54Lists of buildings of special architectural or historic interest (1)For the purposes of this Act and with a view to the guidance of local planning authorities in the performance of their functions under this Act in relation to buildings of special architectural or historic interest, the Secretary of State shall compile lists of such buildings, or approve, with or without modifications, such lists compiled by other persons or bodies of persons, and may amend any list so compiled or approved. (2)In considering whether to include a building in a list compiled or approved under this section, the Secretary of State may take into account not only the building itself but also— (a)any respect in which its exterior contributes to the architectural or historic interest of any group of buildings of which it forms part; and (b)the desirability of preserving, on the ground of its architectural or historic interest, any feature of the building consisting of a man-made object or structure fixed to the building or forming part of the land and comprised within the curtilage of the building. (3)Before compiling or approving, with or without modifications, any list under this section, or amending any list thereunder the Secretary of State shall consult with such persons or bodies of persons as appear to him appropriate as having special knowledge of, or interest in, buildings of architectural or historic interest. (4)As soon as may be after any list has been compiled or approved under this section, or any amendments of such a list have been made, a copy of so much of the list as relates to any county borough, London borough or county district, or of so much of the amendments as relates thereto, as the case may be, certified by or on behalf of the Secretary of State to be a true copy thereof, shall be deposited with the clerk of the council of that borough or district, and also, where that council is not the local planning authority, with the clerk of the local planning authority. (5)A copy of anything required by subsection (4) of this section to be deposited with the clerk of a London borough shall be deposited also with the clerk of the Greater London Council. (6)Any copy deposited under subsection (4) of this section shall be registered in the register of local land charges in such manner as may be prescribed by rules made for the purposes of this section under section 15(6) of the Land Charges Act 1925 by the proper officer of the council of the county borough, London borough or county district. (7)As soon as may be after the inclusion of any building in a list under this section, whether on the compilation or approval of the list or by the amendment thereof, or as soon as may be after any such list has been amended by the exclusion of any building therefrom, the council of the county borough, London borough or county district in whose area the building is situated, on being informed of the fact by the Secretary of State, shall serve a notice in the prescribed form on every owner and occupier of the building, stating that the building has been included in, or excluded from, the list, as the case may be. (8)The Secretary of State shall keep available for public inspection, free of charge at reasonable hours and at a convenient place, copies of all lists and amendments of lists compiled, approved or made by him under this section ; and every authority with whose clerk copies of any list or amendments are deposited under this section shall similarly keep available copies of so much of any such list or amendment as relates to buildings within their area. (9)In this Act " listed building" means a building which is for the time being included in a list compiled or approved by the Secretary of State under this section; and, for the purposes of the provisions of this Act relating to listed buildings and building preservation notices, any object or structure fixed to a building, or forming part of the land and comprised within the curtilage of a building, shall be treated as part of the building. (10)Every building which immediately before 1st January 1969 was subject to a building preservation order under Part III of the Act of 1962 but was not then included in a list compiled or approved under section 32 of that Act, shall be deemed to be a listed building; but the Secretary of State may at any time direct, in the case of any building, that this subsection shall no longer apply to it and the council of the county borough, London borough or county district in whose area the building is situated, on being notified of the Secretary of State's direction, shall give notice of it to the owner and occupier of the building. (11)Before giving a direction under subsection (10) of this section in relation to a building, the Secretary of State shall consult with the local planning authority and with the owner and the occupier of the building. 55Control of works for demolition, alteration or extension of listed buildings (1)Subject to this Part of this Act, if a person executes or causes to be executed any works for the demolition of a listed building or for its alteration or extension in any manner which would affect its character as a building of special architectural or historic interest, and the works are not authorised under this Part of this Act, he shall be guilty of an offence. (2)Works for the demolition of a listed building, or for its alteration or extension, are authorised under this Part of this Act only if— (a)the local planning authority or the Secretary of State have granted written consent (in this Act referred to as " listed building consent") for the execution of the works and the works are executed in accordance with the terms of the consent and of any conditions attached to the consent under section 56 of this Act; and (b)in the case of demolition, notice of the proposal to execute the works has been given to the Royal Commission and thereafter either— (i)for a period of at least one month following the grant of listed building consent, and before the commencement of the works, reasonable access to the building has been made available to members or officers of the Commission for the purpose of recording it; or (ii)the Commission have, by their Secretary or other officer of theirs with authority to act on the Commission's behalf for the purposes of this section, stated in writing that they have completed their recording of the building or that they do not wish to record it. (3)In subsection (2) of this section " the Royal Commission " means, in relation to England, the Royal Commission on Historical Monuments (England) and, in relation to Wales, the Royal Commission on Ancient and Historical Monuments (Wales and Monmouthshire); but the Secretary of State may, in relation to either England or Wales, or both, by order provide that the said subsection shall, in the case of works executed or to be executed on or after such date as may be specified in the order, have effect with the substitution for the reference to the Royal Commission of a reference to such other body as may be so specified. (4)Without prejudice to subsection (1) of this section, if a person executing or causing to be executed any works in relation to a listed building under a listed building consent fails to comply with any condition attached to the consent under section 56 of this Act, he shall be guilty of an offence. (5)A person guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable— (a)on summary conviction to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months or a fine not exceeding £250, or both ; or (b)on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding twelve months or a fine, or both;and, in determining the amount of any fine to be imposed on a person convicted on indictment, the court shall in particular have regard to any financial benefit which has accrued or appears likely to accrue to him in consequence of the offence. (6)In proceedings for an offence under this section it shall be a defence to prove that the works were urgently necessary in the interests of safety or health, or for the preservation of the building, and that notice in writing of the need for the works was given to the local planning authority as soon as reasonably practicable. 56Provisions supplementary to s.55 (1)Section 55 of this Act shall not apply to works for the demolition, alteration or extension of— (a)an ecclesiastical building which is for the time being used for ecclesiastical purposes or would be so used but for the works; or (b)a building which is the subject of a scheme or order under the enactments for the time being in force with respect to ancient monuments ; or (c)a building for the time being included in a list of monuments published by the Secretary of State under any such enactment. For the purposes of this subsection, a building used or available for use by a minister of religion wholly or mainly as a residence from which to perform the duties of his office shall be treated as not being an ecclesiastical building. (2)Where, on an application in that behalf, planning permission is granted, or has been granted since the end of 1968, and— (a)the development for which the permission is or was granted includes the carrying out of any works for the alteration or extension of a listed building; and (b)the planning permission or any condition subject to which it is or was granted is or was so framed as expressly to authorise the execution of the works (describing them),the planning permission shall operate as listed building consent in respect of those works but, except as provided by this subsection, the grant of planning permission for any development shall not make it unnecessary for such consent to be obtained in respect of any works to which section 55 of this Act applies. (3)In considering whether to grant planning permission for development which consists in or includes works for the alteration or extension of a listed building, and in considering whether to grant listed building consent for any works, the local planning authority or the Secretary of State, as the case may be, shall have special regard to the desirability of preserving the building or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses. (4)Without prejudice to subsection (1) of section 29 of this Act, the conditions which may under that subsection be attached to a grant of planning permission shall, in the case of such development as is referred to in subsection (2) of this section, include conditions with respect to— (a)the preservation of particular features of the building, either as part of it or after severance therefrom; (b)the making good, after the works are completed, of any damage caused to the building by the works; (c)the reconstruction of the building or any part of it following the execution of any works, with the use of original materials so far as practicable and with such alterations of the interior of the building as may be specified in the conditions. (5)Listed building consent may be granted either unconditionally or subject to conditions, which may include such conditions as are mentioned in subsection (4) of this section. (6)Part I of Schedule 11 to this Act shall have effect with respect to applications to local planning authorities for listed building consent, the reference of such applications to the Secretary of State and appeals against decisions on such applications ; and Part II of that Schedule shall have effect with respect to the revocation of listed building consent by a local planning authority or the Secretary of State. 57Acts causing or likely to result in damage to listed buildings (1)Where a building, not being a building excluded by section 56(1) of this Act from the operation of section 55, is included in a list compiled or approved under section 54 of this Act, then, if any person who, but for this section, would be entitled to do so, does or permits the doing of any act which causes or is likely to result in damage to the building (other than an act for the execution of excepted works) and he does or permits it with the intention of causing such damage, he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £100. (2).In subsection (1) of this section " excepted works " means works authorised by planning permission granted or deemed to be granted in pursuance of an application under this Act and works for which listed building consent has been given under this Act. (3)Where a person convicted of an offence under this section fails to take such reasonable steps as may be necessary to prevent any damage or further damage resulting from the offence, he shall be guilty of a further offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £20 for each day on which the failure continues. 58Building preservation notice in respect of building not listed (1)If it appears to the local planning authority, in the case of a building in their area which is not a listed building, that it is of special architectural or historic interest and is in danger of demolition or of alteration in such a way as to affect its character as such, they may (subject to subsection (2) of this section) serve on the owner and occupier of the building a notice (in this section referred to as a " building preservation notice ")— (a)stating that the building appears to them to be of special architectural or historic interest and that they have requested the Secretary of State to consider including it in a list compiled or approved under section 54 of this Act; and (b)explaining the effect of subsections (3) and (4) of this section. (2)A building preservation notice shall not be served in respect of an excepted building, that is to say— (a)an ecclesiastical building which is for the time being used for ecclesiastical purposes; or (b)a building which is the subject of a scheme or order under the enactments for the time being in force with respect to ancient monuments ; or (c)a building for the time being included in a list of monuments published by the Secretary of State under any such enactment. For the purposes of this subsection, a building used or available for use by a minister of religion wholly or mainly as a residence from which to perform the duties of his office shall be treated as not being an ecclesiastical building. (3)A building preservation notice shall come into force as soon as it has been served on both the owner and occupier of the building to which it relates and shall remain in force for six months from the date when it is served or, as the case may be, last served; but it shall cease to be in force if, before the expiration of that period, the Secretary of State either includes the building in a list compiled or approved under section 54 of this Act or notifies the local planning authority in writing that he does not intend to do so. (4)While a building preservation notice is in force with respect to a building, the provisions of this Act (other than section 57) shall have effect in relation to it as if the building were a listed building; and if the notice ceases to be in force (otherwise than by reason of the building being included in a list compiled or approved under the said section 54) the provisions of Part III of Schedule 11 to this Act shall have effect with respect to things done or occurring under the notice or with reference to the building being treated as listed. (5)If, following the service of a building preservation notice, the Secretary of State notifies the local planning authority that he does not propose to include the building in a list compiled or approved under section 54 of this Act, the authority— (a)shall forthwith give notice of the Secretary of State's decision to the owner and occupier of the building; and (b)shall not, within the period of twelve months beginning with the date of the Secretary of State's notification, serve another such notice in respect of the said building. Trees 59Planning permission to include appropriate provision for preservation and planting of trees It shall be the duty of the local planning authority— (a)to ensure, whenever it is appropriate, that in granting planning permission for any development adequate provision is made, by the imposition of conditions, for the preservation or planting of trees; and (b)to make such orders under section 60 of this Act as appear to the authority to be necessary in connection with the grant of such permission, whether for giving effect to such conditions or otherwise. 60Tree preservation orders (1)If it appears to a local planning authority that it is expedient in the interests of amenity to make provision for the preservation of trees or woodlands in their area, they may for that purpose make an order (in this Act referred to as a " tree preservation order ") with respect to such trees, groups of trees or woodlands as may be specified in the order; and, in particular, provision may be made by any such order— (a)for prohibiting (subject to any exemptions for which provision may be made by the order) the cutting down, topping, lopping or wilful destruction of trees except with the consent of the local planning authority, and for enabling that authority to give their consent subject to conditions; (b)for securing the replanting, in such manner as may be prescribed by or under the order, of any part of a woodland area which is felled in the course of forestry operations permitted by or under the order; (c)for applying, in relation to any consent under the order, and to applications for such consent, any of the provisions of this Act falling within subsection (2) of this section, subject to such adaptations and modifications as may be specified in the order. (2)References in this Act to provisions thereof falling within this subsection are references to— (a)the provisions of Part III of this Act relating to planning permission and to applications for planning permission, except sections 25, 26, 27, 28, 29(2) to (6), 34(2), 38, 39, 41 to 44 and 47 to 49 of this Act; and (b)such of the provisions of Part IX of this Act as are therein stated to be provisions falling within this subsection; (c)section 270 of this Act. (3)A tree preservation order may be made so as to apply, in relation to trees to be planted pursuant to any such conditions as are mentioned in section 59(a) of this Act, as from the time when those trees are planted. (4)Except as provided under subsection (5)(c) of this section and in section 61 of this Act, a tree preservation order shall not take effect until it is confirmed by the Secretary of State, and the Secretary of State may confirm any such order either without modification or subject to such modifications as he considers expedient. (5)Provision may be made by regulations under this Act with respect to the form of tree preservation orders, and the procedure to be followed in connection with the submission and confirmation of such orders; and the regulations may (without prejudice to the generality of this subsection) make provision as follows— (a)that, before a tree preservation order is submitted to the Secretary of State for confirmation, notice of the making of the order shall be given to the owners and occupiers of land affected by the order and to such other persons, if any, as may be specified in the regulations; (b)that objections and representations with respect to the order, if duly made in accordance with the regulations, shall be considered before the order is confirmed by the Secretary of State ; (c)that, if no objections or representations are so made, or if any so made are withdrawn, the order, instead of requiring the confirmation of the Secretary of State in accordance with subsection (4) of this section, may be confirmed (but without any modification), as an unopposed order, by the authority who made it; and (d)that copies of the order, when confirmed by the Secretary of State or the authority, shall be served on such persons as may be specified in the regulations. (6)Without prejudice to any other exemptions for which provision may be made by a tree preservation order, no such order shall apply to the cutting down, topping or lopping of trees which are dying or dead or have become dangerous, or the cutting down, topping or lopping of any trees in compliance with any obligations imposed by or under an Act of Parliament or so far as may be necessary for the prevention or abatement of a nuisance. (7)In relation to land in respect of which the Forestry Commissioners have made advances under section 4 of the Forestry Act 1967 or in respect of which there is in force a forestry dedication covenant entered into with the Commissioners under section 5 of that Act, a tree preservation order may be made only if— (a)there is not in force in respect of the land a plan of operations or other working plan approved by the Commissioners under such a covenant; and (b)the Commissioners consent to the making of the order. (8)Where a tree preservation order is made in respect of land to which subsection (7) of this section applies, the order shall not have effect so as to prohibit, or to require any consent for, the cutting down of a tree in accordance with a plan of operations or other working plan approved by the Forestry Commissioner and for the time being in force, under such a covenant as is mentioned in that subsection or under a woodlands scheme made under the powers contained in the said Act of 1967. (9)In the preceding provisions of this section references to provisions of the Forestry Act 1967 include references to the corresponding provisions (replaced by that Act) in the Forestry Acts 1919 to 1951. (10)The preceding provisions of this section shall have effect subject to the provisions— (a)of section 2(4) of the Opencast Coal Act 1958 (land comprised in an authorisation under that Act which is affected by a tree preservation order); and (b)of section 15 of the Forestry Act 1967 (licences under that Act to fell trees comprised in a tree preservation order). 61Provisional tree preservation orders (1)If it appears to a local planning authority that a tree preservation order proposed to be made by that authority should take effect immediately without previous confirmation, they may include in the order as made by them a direction that this section shall apply to the order. (2)Notwithstanding section 60(4) of this Act, an order which contains such a direction shall take effect provisionally on such date as may be specified therein and shall continue in force by virtue of this section until— (a)the expiration of a period of six months beginning with the date on which the order was made; or (b)the date on which the order is confirmed or, in the case of an order which can be confirmed only by the Secretary of State, on which he notifies the authority who made the order that he does not propose to confirm it,whichever first occurs. (3)Provision shall be made by regulations under this Act for securing— (a)that the notices to be given of the making of a tree preservation order containing a direction under this section shall include a statement of the effect of the direction; and (b)that where the Secretary of State, in the case of an order which can be confirmed only by him, within the period of six months referred to in subsection (2) of this section, notifies the authority that he does not propose to confirm the order, copies of that notice shall be served on the owners and occupiers of the land to which the order related. 62Replacement of trees (1)If any tree in respect of which a tree preservation order is for the time being in force, other than a tree to which the order applies as part of a woodland, is removed or destroyed in contravention of the order or is removed or destroyed or dies at a time when its cutting down is authorised only by virtue of the provisions of section 60(6) of this Act relating to trees which are dying or dead or have become dangerous, it shall be the duty of the owner of the land, unless on his application the local planning authority dispense with this requirement, to plant another tree of an appropriate size and species at the same place as soon as he reasonably can. (2)In relation to any tree planted pursuant to this section, the relevant tree preservation order shall apply as it applied to the original tree. (3)The duty imposed by subsection (1) of this section on the owner of any land shall attach to the person who is from time to time the owner of the land and may be enforced as provided by section 103 of this Act and not otherwise. Advertisements 63Control of advertisements (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, provision shall be made by regulations under this Act for restricting or regulating the display of advertisements so far as appears to the Secretary of State to be expedient in the interests of amenity or public safety. (2)Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1) of this section, any such regulations may provide— (a)for regulating the dimensions, appearance and position of advertisements which may be displayed, the sites on which advertisements may be displayed, and the manner in which they are to be affixed to the land; (b)for requiring the consent of the local planning authority to be obtained for the display of advertisements, or of advertisements of any class specified in the regulations ; (c)for applying, in relation to any such consent and to applications for such consent, any of the provisions of this Act falling within section 60(2) thereof, subject to such adaptations and modifications as may be specified in the regulations; (d)for the constitution, for the purposes of the regulations of such advisory committees as may be prescribed by the regulations, and for determining the manner in which the expenses of any such committee are to be defrayed. (3)Regulations made for the purposes of this section may make different provision with respect to different areas, and in particular may make special provision with respect to areas defined for the purposes of the regulations as areas of special control, being either rural areas or areas other than rural areas which appear to the Secretary of State to require special protection on grounds of amenity; and, without prejudice to the generality of the preceding provisions of this subsection, the regulations may prohibit the display in any such area of all advertisements except advertisements of such classes (if any) as may be specified in the regulations. (4)Areas of special control for the purposes of regulations under this section may be defined by means of orders made or approved by the Secretary of State in accordance with the provisions of the regulations. (5)Where the Secretary of State is authorised by the regulations to make or approve any such order as is mentioned in subsection (4) of this section, the regulations shall provide for the publication of notice of the proposed order in such manner as may be prescribed by the regulations, for the consideration of objections duly made thereto, and for the holding of such inquiries or other hearings as may be so prescribed, before the order is made or approved. (6)Regulations made under this section may be made so as to apply to advertisements which are being displayed on the date on which the regulations come into force, or to the use for the display of the advertisements of any site which was being used for that purpose on that date; but any regulations made in accordance with this subsection shall provide for exempting therefrom— (a)the continued display of any such advertisement; and (b)the continued use for the display of advertisements of any such site,during such period as may be prescribed in that behalf by the regulations, and different periods may be so prescribed for the purposes of different provisions of the regulations. (7)Without prejudice to the generality of the powers conferred by the preceding provisions of this section, regulations made for the purposes of this section may provide that any appeal from the decision of the local planning authority, on an application for their consent under the regulations, shall be to an independent tribunal constituted in accordance with the regulations, instead of being an appeal to the Secretary of State; and subsection (2) of section 50 of this Act shall apply to any tribunal so constituted as it applies to any tribunal constituted in accordance with subsection (1) of that section. 64Application for planning permission not needed for advertisements complying with regulations Where the display of advertisements in accordance with regulations made under section 63 of this Act involves development of land, planning permission for that development shall be deemed to be granted by virtue of this section, and no application shall be necessary in that behalf under Part III of this Act. Waste land 65Proper maintenance of waste land (1)If it appears to a local planning authority that the amenity of any part of their area, or of any adjoining area, is seriously injured by the condition of any garden, vacant site or other open land in their area, then, subject to any directions given by the Secretary of State, the authority may serve on the owner and occupier of the land a notice requiring such steps for abating the injury as may be specified in the notice to be taken within such period as may be so specified. (2)Subject to the provisions of Part V of this Act, a notice under this section shall take effect at the end of such period (not being less than twenty-eight days after the service thereof) as may be specified in the notice. Industrial development 66Meaning of "industrial building" (1)In this Part of this Act " industrial building" means a building used or designed for use— (a)for the carrying on of any process for or incidental to any of the following purposes, that is to say— (i)the making of any article or of part of any article; or (ii)the altering, repairing, ornamenting, finishing, cleaning, washing, freezing, packing or canning, or adapting for sale, or breaking up or demolition, of any article; or (iii)without prejudice to the preceding sub-paragraphs, the getting, dressing or preparation for sale of minerals or the extraction or preparation for sale of oil or brine ; (b)for the carrying on of scientific research,being a process or research carried on in the course of a trade or business. (2)For the purposes of subsection (1) of this section, premises which— (a)are used or designed for use for providing services or facilities ancillary to the use of other premises for the carrying on of any such process or research as is mentioned in that subsection; and (b)are or are to be comprised in the same building or the same curtilage as those other premises,shall themselves be treated as used or designed for use for the carrying on of such a process or, as the case may be, of such research. (3)In this section— " article " means an article of any description, including a ship or vessel; " building " includes a part of a building; "scientific research'' means any activity in the fields of natural or applied science for the extension of knowledge. 67Industrial development certificates (1)Subject to the provisions of this section and of section 68 of this Act, an application to the local planning authority for permission to develop land by— (a)the erection thereon of an industrial building of one of the prescribed classes ; or (b)a change of use whereby premises, not being an industrial building of one of the prescribed classes, will become such an industrial building,shall be of no effect unless a certificate (in this Act referred to as an " industrial development certificate ") is issued under this section by the Secretary of State, certifying that the development in question can be carried out consistently with the proper distribution of industry, and a copy of the certificate is furnished to the local planning authority together with the application. (2)Subject to subsection (5) of this section, an industrial development certificate shall be required for the purposes of an application for planning permission made as mentioned in section 32(1) of this Act if the circumstances are such that, in accordance with subsection (1) of this section, such a certificate would have been required if the application had been for planning permission to construct the building, or to institute the use of land, which the application seeks permission to retain or continue or (as the case may be) seeks permission to retain or continue without complying with a condition previously imposed, and the provisions of this section shall have effect in relation to that application accordingly. (3)In considering whether any development for which an industrial development certificate is applied for can be carried out; consistently with the proper distribution of industry, the Secretary of State shall have particular regard to the need for providing appropriate employment in development areas, (4)An industrial development certificate shall not be required for the extension of an industrial building if the extension, taken by itself, would not be an industrial building of one of the prescribed classes, but (subject to the provisions of section 68 of this Act) an industrial development certificate shall be required for the extension of any building if the extension, taken by itself, would be such an industrial building. (5)An industrial development certificate shall not be required for the purposes of an application for planning permission to retain a building or continue a use of land after the end of any period specified in, or otherwise without complying with, a condition subject to which a previous planning permission was granted if the condition in question is not one subject to which the previous planning permission was granted in accordance with the provisions of section 70 of this Act or subject to which that planning permission is by virtue of that section deemed to have been granted. (6)The preceding provisions of this section shall have effect without prejudice to any provisions for restricting the granting of planning permission by local planning authorities which are included in a development order by virtue of section 31(1) of this Act. (7)In this section— " the prescribed classes" means such classes or descriptions of industrial buildings as may be prescribed by regulations made for the purposes of this section by the Secretary of State; " development area " means any area for the time being specified as such under section 15 of the Industrial Development Act 1966, and subsection (6) of that section (which provides for references to a development area in certain provisions to have effect as if certain localities outside that area were included therein) shall apply to any such reference in this section; and any reference to an application made as mentioned in section 32(1) of this Act includes a reference to an application which by virtue of section 88(7) or 95(6) of this Act is deemed to have been made for such planning permission as is mentioned in the said section 88(7) or, as the case may be, the said section 95(6). 68Exemption of certain classes of development (1)Notwithstanding anything in section 67 of this Act, but subject to section 69 of this Act, an industrial development certificate shall not be required if the industrial floor space to be created by the development in question (in this section referred to as " the proposed development"), together with any other industrial floor space created or to be created by any related development, does not exceed 5,000 square feet, excluding, where an industrial development certificate has been issued in respect of any related development, any floor space created or to be created by that development or by development carried out, or for which planning permission has been granted, before the issue of that certificate. (2)Regulations made for the purposes of section 67 of this Act by the Secretary of State may direct that no industrial development certificate shall be required in respect of the erection, in any area prescribed by or under the regulations, of industrial buildings of any such class or description as may be so prescribed, or in respect of a change of use whereby premises in any such area, not being an industrial building of a class or description so prescribed, will become an industrial building of such a class or description. (3)In this section " industrial floor space " means floor space comprised in an industrial building or industrial buildings of any of the prescribed classes. (4)For the purposes of subsection (1) of this section development shall, in relation to an application for planning permission (in this section referred to as " the relevant application "), be taken to be " related development" if— (a)it related, or is to relate, to the same building as that to which the proposed development is to relate (in this subsection referred to as the " relevant building"); or (b)it related, or is to relate, to a building which is, or is to be, contiguous or adjacent to the relevant building, and it was, or is to be, development comprised in, or for the purposes of, the same scheme or project or for the purposes of the same undertaking as the proposed development,and (in either case) it fulfils one or other of the conditions mentioned in subsection (5) of this section. (5)The said conditions are— (a)that it is development for which, before the date of the relevant application, planning permission has been granted by a planning decision made on or after 1st April 1960; (b)that it is development which has been initiated on or after 1st April 1960 but before the date of the relevant application and is not development for which planning permission has been granted by a planning decision made on or after 1st April 1960; (c)that it is development in respect of which an application to the local planning authority for planning permission either is pending on the date of the relevant application or is made on that date. (6)For the purposes of subsection (5)(c) of this section, an application is pending on a particular date if— (a)it is made before that date and not withdrawn ; and (b)no planning decision on that application has been made before that date. (7)In subsection (4) of this section and in this subsection "building" does not include a part of a building; and any reference in subsection (4) of this section to development relating to a building is a reference to the erection, extension, alteration or re-erection of the building or a change of use of the whole or part of the building. (8)In this section " the prescribed classes " has the same meaning as in section 67 of this Act. 69Power to vary exemption limit as to industrial floor space (1)The Secretary of State may by order direct that subsection (1) of section 68 of this Act shall be amended by substituting, for the number of square feet specified in the subsection as originally enacted or as previously amended under this subsection, such number of square feet as may be specified in the order being not less than 1,000 square feet. (2)Any amendment made by an order under this section may be made so as to have effect either in relation to the whole of England and Wales or in relation only to a part of England and Wales specified in the order. (3)Any amendment made by such an order shall have effect— (a)in relation to applications for planning permission relating to land in any area to which the order applies which are made on or after the date on which the order comes into operation; and (b)in relation to applications relating to land in such an area which have been made before that date, other than any application on which a planning decision has been made before that date. (4)Where in accordance with subsection (3) of this section an amendment made by such an order has effect in relation to an application for planning permission made before the date on which the order comes into operation, so much of section 67(1) of this Act as requires a copy of an industrial development certificate to be furnished to the local planning authority together with the application shall have effect in relation to that application with the substitution, for the words “together with the application”, of the words " as soon as practicable after the certificate is issued " (5)In this section any reference to land in any area to which an order under this section applies shall be construed as a reference to land of which any part is in that area. 70Restrictions or conditions attached to certificates (1)An industrial development certificate in respect of any development may be issued subject to such restrictions on the making of an application for planning permission for that development (whether as to the period within which, or the persons by whom, such an application may be made, or otherwise) as the Secretary of State considers appropriate having regard to the proper distribution of industry; and where an industrial development certificate in respect of any development is issued subject to any such restrictions, and an application for planning permission for that development is made which does not comply with those restrictions, the provisions of section 67 of this Act shall apply in relation to that application as if no such certificate had been issued. (2)Without prejudice to subsection (1) of this section, an industrial development certificate may be issued either unconditionally or subject to such conditions as the Secretary of State considers appropriate having regard to the proper distribution of industry; and any reference in this section to conditions attached to an industrial development certificate is a reference to conditions subject to which such a certificate is issued. (3)Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (2) of this section, conditions may be attached to an industrial development certificate— (a)for requiring the removal of any building or the discontinuance of any use of land to which the certificate relates at the end of a specified period and the carrying out of any works required for the reinstatement of land at the end of that period ; (b)restricting the amount of office floor space (as defined in section 85 of this Act) to be contained in any building to which the certificate relates, or precluding it from containing any office floor space (as so defined);and conditions of the kind mentioned in paragraph (b) of this subsection may be framed so as to apply (either or both) to the building as originally erected or as subsequently extended or altered. (4)In so far as any of the conditions attached to an industrial development certificate are of such a description that (apart from this section) they could not have been imposed under this Act this Act shall apply in relation to any application for planning permission for the purposes of which that certificate is required, and to any planning permission granted on such an application, as if the powers conferred by this Act included power to impose conditions of that description. (5)Where conditions are attached to an industrial development certificate, and, on an application for planning permission for the purposes of which that certificate is required, planning permission is granted, the authority granting the permission shall grant it subject to those conditions, with or without other conditions. (6)Planning permission to which subsection (5) of this section applies shall not be invalid by reason only that the requirements of that subsection are not complied with; but where any such planning permission is granted without complying with the requirements of that subsection the planning permission shall be deemed to have been granted subject to the conditions attached to the industrial development certificate, or (if any other conditions were imposed by the authority granting the permission) to have been granted subject to the conditions attached to the certificate in addition to the other conditions. 71Provisions as to conditions imposed under s.70 (1)This section applies to any condition subject to which planning permission is granted in accordance with the provisions of section 70 of this Act, or subject to which planning permission is by virtue of that section deemed to have been granted, whether it is a condition which could have been imposed apart from that section or not. (2)If the planning permission is or was granted by the local planning authority, the Secretary of State shall not be required to entertain an appeal under section 36 of this Act from the decision of the local planning authority, in so far as that decision relates or related to any condition to which this section applies. (3)If any condition imposed by an authority granting planning permission is inconsistent with any condition to which this section applies, the last-mentioned condition shall prevail so far as it is inconsistent with the condition so imposed. (4)Where on an application made as mentioned in section 32(1) of this Act (as modified by section 67 of this Act) planning permission is granted (either unconditionally or subject to conditions) for a building to be retained, or a use of a building to be continued, without complying with a condition to which this section applies (that condition being one subject to which a previous planning permission was granted or is deemed to have been granted), nothing in section 70 of this Act or in the foregoing provisions Of this section shall be construed as preventing the subsequent planning permission from operating so as to extinguish or modify that condition, as the case may be. 72Provision for cases where certificate withheld (1)Where such an application as is mentioned in subsection (1) or (2) of section 67 of this Act is, by virtue of those subsections, of no effect by reason that the requirements of those subsections are not fulfilled, the local planning authority shall consider whether, if those requirements had been fulfilled, they would nevertheless have refused the permission sought by the application, either in respect of the whole or in respect of part of the land to which the application relates; and if they are of the opinion that they would so have refused that permission, they shall serve on the applicant a notice in writing to that effect. (2)Where a notice is served under subsection (1) of this section in respect of the whole or part of any land, it shall operate, for the purposes of sections 38 and 39 of this Act, as if the application for planning permission had been an effective application and the notice had been a planning decision of the local planning authority refusing that permission in respect of that land or that part thereof, as the case may be; and the provisions of those sections (if in those circumstances they would have been applicable) shall have effect accordingly. Office development 73Meaning of "office premises" (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, in these provisions " office premises" means premises falling within either of the following descriptions, that is to say— (a)premises whose sole or principal use is to be use as an office or for office purposes; (b)premises to be occupied together with premises falling within the preceding paragraph and to be so occupied wholly or mainly for the purposes of the activities to be carried on in the last-mentioned premises. (2)Where, in relation to an application for planning permission for the erection of a building, or in relation to a grant of such planning permission, it falls to be determined, for the purposes of subsection (1) of this section, what is to be the sole or principal use of any premises to be contained in the building, regard shall be had— (a)in the case of an application for planning permission, to the proposed use (as indicated in the application) of the building or of different parts of the building; and (b)in the case of a grant of planning permission, to the purposes specified in the planning permission as those for which the building, or different parts of the building, may be used. (3)Where, in relation to an application for planning permission for the extension or alteration of a building, or in relation to a grant of such planning permission, it falls to be determined, for the purposes of subsection (1) of this section, what is to be the sole or principal use of any premises which are to be added to the building or altered within it (in this subsection referred to as “the new premises”), regard shall be had— (a)in the case of an application for planning permission, to the proposed use (as indicated in the application) of the new premises; and (b)in the case of a grant of planning permission, to the purposes specified in the planning permission as those for which the new premises may be used. (4)For the purposes of the application of these provisions in relation to development in so far as it consists of a change in the use of land " office premises " (subject to the following provisions of this section) means premises falling within either of the following descriptions, that is to say— (a)premises whose sole or principal use is as an office or for office purposes; (b)premises occupied together with premises falling within the preceding paragraph and so occupied wholly or mainly for the purposes of the activities carried on in the last-mentioned premises;and for the purposes of paragraph (a) of this subsection any question as to sole or principal use, in relation to premises contained in a building, shall be determined by reference to those premises alone and not by reference to the building taken as a whole. (5)In this section " office purposes " includes the purposes of administration, clerical work, handling money, telephone and telegraph operating and the operation of computers, and " clerical work" includes writing, book-keeping, sorting papers, filing, typing, duplicating, punching cards or tapes, machine calculating, drawing and the editorial preparation of matter for publication. (6)The Secretary of State may by order provide that premises of any description specified in the order, or premises used or to be used for any purposes so specified, shall not be office premises for the purposes of these provisions. (7)In this section, in sections 74 to 86 of this Act and in Schedule 12 to this Act " these provisions " means the provisions of this section, of those sections, of that Schedule and of Schedule 13 to this Act. 74Office development permits (1)Subject to these provisions, an application to the local planning authority for planning permission to carry out, on land within an area to which these provisions apply, any development to which these provisions apply, that is to say, any development of land which consists of or includes— (a)the erection of a building containing office premises ; or (b)the extension or alteration of a building by the addition of, or the conversion of premises into, office premises; or (c)a change of use whereby premises which are not office premises become office premises,shall be of no effect unless a permit (in these provisions referred to as an " office development permit ") in respect of that development is issued under these provisions by the Secretary of State, and a copy of the permit is furnished to the local planning authority together with the application. (2)An office development permit shall be required for the purposes of an application for planning permission made as mentioned in section 32(1) of this Act if the circumstances are such that, in accordance with subsection (1) of this section, such a permit would have been required if the application had been for planning permission to construct or carry out the building or works, or to institute the use of land, which the application seeks permission to retain or continue or (as the case may be) seeks permission to retain or continue without complying with a condition previously imposed, and subsections (1) and (3) of this section shall have effect in relation to that application accordingly. (3)In exercising his discretion to issue or withhold office development permits, the Secretary of State shall have particular regard to the need for promoting the better distribution of employment in Great Britain. (4)The areas to which these provisions apply are— (a)the metropolitan region ; (b)any area in Great Britain outside the metropolitan region which is for the time being designated for the purposes of this paragraph by an order made by the Secretary of State:Provided that the Secretary of State may at any time by order direct that the metropolitan region, or a part of that region specified in the order, shall cease to be, or to be included in, an area to which these provisions apply. 75Exemption by reference to office floor space (1)Notwithstanding anything in section 74 of this Act, an office development permit shall not be required for the purposes of an application for planning permission to carry out any development (in this section referred to as "the proposed development") if the office floor space to be created by the proposed development, together with any office floor space created or to be created by any related development, does not exceed the prescribed exemption limit. (2)For the purposes of subsection (1) of this section development shall, in relation to an application for planning permission (in this section referred to as "the relevant application "), be taken to be " related development" if— (a)it related, or is to relate, to the same building as that to which the proposed development is to relate (in this subsection referred to as the " relevant building "); or (b)it related, or is to relate, to a building which is, or is to be, contiguous or adjacent to the relevant building, and it was, or is to be, development comprised in, or for the purposes of, the same scheme or project or for the purposes of the same undertaking as the proposed development,and (in either case) it fulfils one or other of the conditions mentioned in subsection (3) or (4) of this section, as the case may be, and is not excluded by subsection (5) or (6) of this section. (3)The said conditions, in relation to land within the metropolitan region, are— (a)that it is development for which, before the date of the relevant application, planning permission has been granted by a planning decision made on or after 5th November 1964 (whether before or after the passing of this Act); (b)that it is development (not falling within the preceding paragraph) which has (whether before or after the passing of this Act) been initiated on or after 5th November 1964 but before the date of the relevant application and is not development for which planning permission was granted by a planning decision made before 5th November 1964; (c)that it is development in respect of which an application to the local planning authority for planning permission either is pending on the date of the relevant application or is made on that date. (4)The said conditions, in relation to land within an area to which these provisions apply outside the metropolitan region, are— (a)that it is development for which, before the date of the relevant application, planning permission has been granted by a planning decision made on or after the specified date; (b)that it is development (not falling within the preceding paragraph) which has been initiated on or after the specified date but before the date of the relevant application and is not development for which planning permission was (whether before or after the passing of this Act) granted by a planning decision made before the specified date; (c)that it is development in respect of which an application to the local planning authority for planning permission either is pending on the date of the relevant application or is made on that date,and in this subsection " the specified date " in relation to an area, means such date (not being earlier than the date on which the order comes into operation) as may be specified in the order designating that area as an area to which these provisions apply. (5)Where, before the date of the relevant application, an office development permit has been issued in respect of development which, apart from this subsection, would be related development for the purposes of subsection (1) of this section— (a)the development in respect of which the permit was issued; and (b)any other development which was carried out before the issue of that permit, or for which planning permission was granted by a planning decision made before the issue of that permit,shall not be taken to be related development for those purposes. (6)Development in respect of which there has been issued by the Secretary of State an industrial development certificate with conditions attached to it by virtue of section 70(3)(b) of this Act shall not be taken to be related development for the purposes of subsection (1) of this section. (7)In this section " the prescribed exemption limit", subject to subsection (8) of this section, means 3,000 square feet; any reference to development relating to a building is a reference to development consisting of or including the erection, extension or alteration of the building or a change of use of the whole or part of the building; and any reference to an application pending on a particular date is a reference to an application made before that date and not withdrawn, where no planning decision on that application has been made before that date. (8)The Secretary of State may by order direct that such number of square feet (whether greater or less than 3,000 but not less than 1,000) as may be specified in the order shall be the prescribed exemption limit for the purposes of this section, either generally or in relation to any particular area to which these provisions apply in accordance with section 74(4) of this Act or in relation to any particular part of such an area. 76Mixed industrial and office development (1)Subject to subsection (2) of this section and to paragraph 3 of Schedule 12 to this Act, these provisions shall have effect without prejudice to the operation of sections 67 and 68 of this Act; and, where these provisions and those sections are applicable to the same application for planning permission, the requirements of both must be complied with. (2)Compliance with section 74(1) of this Act shall not be required in respect of an application for planning permission for the development of land in any manner specified in section 67(1) of this Act if— (a)no office premises will result from the development except such as are comprised within the curtilage of an industrial building and are used or designed for use for providing services or facilities ancillary to the use of other premises in the same building or curtilage; and (b)there has been issued by the Secretary of State and furnished to the local planning authority with the application a copy of an industrial development certificate with conditions attached to it by virtue of section 70(3)(b) of this Act. 77Restrictions or conditions attached to office development permits (1)An office development permit in respect of any development may be issued subject to such restrictions on the making of an application for planning permission for that development (whether as to the period within which, or the persons by whom, such an application may be made, or otherwise) as the Secretary of State considers appropriate in the exercise of his discretion as mentioned in section 74(3) of this Act; and, where an office development permit in respect of any development is issued subject to any such restrictions, and an application for planning permission for that development is made which does not comply with those restrictions, these provisions shall apply in relation to that application as if no such permit had been issued. (2)Without prejudice to subsection (1) of this section, an office development permit may be issued either unconditionally or subject to such conditions as the Secretary of State considers appropriate in the exercise of his discretion as mentioned in section 74(3) of this Act; and any reference in these provisions to conditions attached to an office development permit is a reference to conditions subject to which such a permit is issued. (3)In so far as any of the conditions attached to an office development permit are of such a description that (apart from this section) they could not have been imposed under this Act, this Act shall apply in relation to any application for planning permission for the purposes of which that permit is required, and to any planning permission granted on such an application, as if the powers conferred by this Act included power to impose conditions of that description. (4)Where conditions are attached to an office development permit, and, on an application for planning permission for the purposes of which that permit is required, planning permission is granted, the authority granting the permission shall grant it subject to those conditions, with or without other conditions. (5)Planning permission to which subsection (4) of this section applies shall not be invalid by reason only that the requirements of that subsection are not complied with; but where any such planning permission is granted without complying with the requirements of that subsection the planning permission shall be deemed to have been granted subject to lie conditions attached to the office development permit, or (if any other conditions were imposed by the authority granting the permission) to have been granted subject to the conditions attached to the permit in addition to the other conditions. 78Planning permission for erection of building where no office development permit required (1)The provisions of this section shall, subject to subsection (4) of this section, have effect with respect to any planning permission for the erection of a building on land which is within a controlled area when the planning permission is granted and was also within such an area when the application for planning permission was made. (2)If the case is the following, that is to say— (a)either the proposed erection of the building is not development to which these provisions apply or it is such development but no office development permit is required for it; and (b)the building will have a floor space of twice or more than twice, the prescribed exemption limit,the planning permission for the erection of the building shall be granted subject to the condition specified in subsection (3) of this section (in addition to any other conditions imposed by the authority granting the permission). (3)The said condition is that the use of the building, whether as originally erected or as subsequently extended or altered, shall be restricted so that (whether in consequence of a change of use or otherwise) it does not at any time contain office premises having an aggregate office floor space which exceeds the prescribed exemption limit. (4)In the following two cases this section shall not apply— (a)where the planning permission is in respect of a building which is wholly residential; and (b)where the planning permission is subject to conditions by virtue of section 70(5) or (6) of this Act and those conditions either restrict the office floor space which the building may contain or preclude it from containing any office floor space. 79Planning permission for alteration or extension of building where no office development permit required (1)The provisions of this section shall, subject to subsection (4) of this section, have effect with respect to any planning permission for the alteration or extension of a building on land which is within a controlled area when the planning permission is granted and was also within such an area when the application for planning permission was made, but shall have effect only in the case of a building erected under a planning permission granted on or after 1st April 1969. (2)If the case is the following, that is to say— (a)either the erection of the building was not development to which these provisions (or Part I of the Act of 1965) applied, or it was such development but no office development permit was required for it; and (b)either the proposed alteration or extension is not development to which these provisions apply or it is such development but no office development permit is required for it; and (c)there will result from the proposed alteration or extension a building with an aggregate floor space of twice, or more than twice, the prescribed exemption limit,the planning permission for the alteration or extension shall be granted subject to the condition specified in subsection (3) of this section (in addition to any other conditions imposed by the authority granting the permission). (3)The said condition is that the use of the building as altered or extended, or as subsequently further altered or extended, shall be restricted so that (whether in consequence of a change of use or otherwise) it does not at any time contain office premises having an aggregate office floor space which exceeds the prescribed exemption limit. (4)In the following two cases this section shall not apply— (a)where the planning permission is in respect of a building which, after its alteration or extension, will be wholly residential; and (b)where the planning permission is subject to conditions by virtue of section 70(5) or (6) of this Act and those conditions either restrict the office floor space which the building as extended or altered may contain or preclude it from containing any office floor space. 80Planning permission for erection of two or more buildings where no office development permit required (1)The provisions of this section shall have effect with respect to any planning permission for development involving the erection of two or more buildings on land which is within a controlled area when the planning permission is granted and was also within such an area when the application for planning permission was made, except in a case where all the buildings are exempt from this section. (2)Any one of the said buildings shall be exempt from this section if— (a)it is wholly residential; or (b)the planning permission is subject to conditions by virtue of section 70(5) or (6) of this Act and those conditions either restrict the office floor space which the building may contain or preclude it from containing any office floor space. (3)If the aggregate floor space of the buildings proposed to be erected (leaving out of account any which are exempt from this section) is twice, or more than twice, the prescribed exemption limit, and either the erection of the buildings is not development to which these provisions apply or it is such development but no office development permit is required for it, the planning permission shall be granted subject to the condition specified in subsection (4) of this section (in addition to any other conditions imposed by the authority granting the permission). (4)The said condition is that the use of each one of the buildings (excluding any which are exempt from this section) shall be restricted so that (whether in consequence of "a change of use or otherwise) it does not at any time contain office premises having an aggregate floor space which exceeds the limit for that building specified in the condition, which limit shall (subject to subsection (5) of this section) be a floor space bearing such proportion to the building's total floor space as the prescribed exemption limit bears to the aggregate floor space of all the buildings (excluding any which are exempt from this section) for whose erection the planning permission is granted. (5)The authority granting the planning permission may in doing so specify in the said condition, as it applies to any building, a limit differing from the one provided by subsection (4) of this section, but not so that the total of the limits for all the buildings to which the condition applies exceeds the prescribed exemption limit. (6)If after the grant of the planning permission a further application for planning permission is made in respect of all or any of the buildings to which the condition specified in subsection (4) of this section applies, and the further application involves a departure from the terms of the said condition as applying to any building, the application shall be subject to section 74(1) of this Act notwithstanding anything in these provisions exempting development from the requirements of that section in particular cases. 81Provisions supplementary to ss.78 to 80 (1)Any planning permission with respect to which section 78, 79 or 80 of this Act has effect shall not be invalid by reason only that the requirements of section 78(2), 79(2) or 80(3) of this Act, as the case may be, are not complied with; but in that case the planning permission shall be deemed to have been granted subject to the condition specified in section 78(3), 79(3) or 80(4) of this Act, as the case may be, or (if any other conditions are imposed by the authority granting the permission) to have been granted subject to the condition so specified in addition to the other conditions, and references in those sections to a condition imposed thereunder shall be construed accordingly as including references to a condition deemed to be imposed. (2)In sections 78, 79 and 80 of this Act— " controlled area" means an area to which these provisions apply, or, as respects any time before the commencement of this Act, Part I of the Act of 1965 applied; " the prescribed exemption limit" means that number of square feet which, at the time when the planning permission in question is granted, is for the purposes of section 75 of this Act the prescribed exemption limit in relation to the land to which the planning permission relates, whether— (a)by virtue of subsection (7) of that section, or (b)if an order under subsection (8) of that section is for the time being in force and applies to the area, or part of an area, in which that land is situated, by virtue of that order; "wholly residential" in relation to a building, means for use exclusively as a dwellinghouse or comprising only units of accommodation for such use. 82Provisions as to conditions imposed or implied in pursuance of these provisions (1)This section applies to any condition subject to which planning permission is granted in accordance with these provisions or subject to which planning permission is by virtue of these provisions deemed to have been granted, whether or not it is a condition which could have been imposed apart from these provisions. (2)If the planning permission is or was granted by the local planning authority, the Secretary of State shall not be required to entertain an appeal under section 36 of this Act from the decision of the local planning authority, in so far as that decision relates or related to any condition to which this section applies. (3)Where planning permission is granted subject to a condition to which this section applies, and it appears to the authority granting the permission that the condition could have been imposed apart from these provisions and would have been imposed if these provisions had not been enacted, the decision granting the permission may include a certificate to that effect; and, where such a certificate is included in a decision of the local planning authority— (a)the Secretary of State shall not be required to entertain an appeal from the decision in so far as it includes the certificate; but (b)subject to the preceding paragraph, section 36 of this Act shall have effect in relation to the certificate as it has effect in relation to any other part of the decision. (4)If any condition imposed by an authority granting planning permission is inconsistent with any condition to which this section applies, the last-mentioned condition shall prevail in so far as it is inconsistent with the condition so imposed. (5)Where on an application made as mentioned in section 32(1) of this Act (as modified by section 74(2) of this Act) planning permission is granted (either unconditionally or subject to conditions) for a building to be retained, or a use of a building to be continued, without complying with a condition to which this section applies (that condition being one subject to which a previous planning permission was granted or is deemed to have been granted), nothing in sections 77 to 81 of this Act or in the preceding provisions of this section shall be construed as preventing the subsequent planning permission from operating so as to extinguish or modify that condition, as the case may be. 83Development in metropolitan region: planning permission granted before passing of Act of 1965 Schedule 12 to this Act shall have effect as respects planning permission granted before 5th August 1965 (the date of the passing of the Act of 1965) in the cases mentioned in that Schedule. 84Annual report As soon as may be after the end of March in each year the Secretary of State shall prepare a report on the performance of his functions under these provisions, and shall lay the report before Parliament. 85Interpretation of these provisions (1)In these provisions— "the Act of 1965 " means the Control of Office and Industrial Development Act 1965 ; " building " includes any structure; " building contract" means a contract (other than a lease) which is made in relation to land whereby a person undertakes to erect or extend a building on that land in the course of the carrying on by him of a business consisting wholly or mainly of the execution of building operations, or of building operations and engineering operations; " erection ", in relation to a building, includes re-erection ; " the metropolitan region", subject to subsection (2) of this section, means Greater London together with the areas specified in Schedule 13 to this Act; " premises " means a part of a building; " these provisions" has the meaning assigned to it by section 73(7) of this Act. (2)For the purposes of these provisions— (a)land shall be taken to be, and at all material times to have been, in Greater London if it is in the area which constituted Greater London on 1st April 1965 ; (b)land shall be taken to be, and at all material times to have been, in an area specified by name in Schedule 13 to this Act if it is in the area bearing that name on 1st April 1965 as that area was constituted on that date. (3)In these provisions " office floor space" means gross floor space comprised in office premises; and for the purposes of these provisions the amount of any such space shall be ascertained by external measurement of that space, whether the office premises in question are or are to be bounded (wholly or partly) by external walls of a building or not. (4)In these provisions any reference to the granting of planning permission for the carrying out of any development of land is a reference to the granting of planning permission for that development— (a)either in respect of that land taken by itself or in respect of that land together with other land; and (b)either on an ordinary application or on an outline application (that is to say, an application for planning permission subject to subsequent approval on any matters). (5)In these provisions any reference to a building containing office premises includes a reference to a building of which every part consists or is to consist of office premises; and in these provisions any reference to the addition of office premises includes a reference to the addition of office premises together with other premises. (6)In these provisions any reference to land in Greater London, within the metropolitan region, or within any other area to which these provisions apply or, as respects any time before the commencement of this Act, the Act of 1965 applied, shall be construed as a reference to land of which any part is within the area in question. (7)In these provisions any reference to an application made as mentioned in section 32(1) of this Act includes a reference to an application which by virtue of section 88(7) or 95(6) of this Act is deemed to have been made for such planning permission as is mentioned in the said section 88(7) or, as the case may be, the said section 95(6). 86Temporary operation of these provisions (1)Unless Parliament otherwise determines, these provisions (other than this section) shall cease to have effect at the end of the period of seven years beginning with 5th August 1965. (2)Where immediately before the end of that period any planning permission has effect subject to a condition subject to which the planning permission is by virtue of these provisions deemed to have been granted, the planning permission shall, as from the end of that period, have effect free from that condition. (3)Where immediately before the end of that period any planning permission has effect subject to a condition imposed by the authority granting the permission in circumstances where that authority was required by these provisions to impose that condition, then unless the condition is the subject of a certificate under section 82(3) of this Act, the planning permission shall, as from the end of that period, have effect free from that condition. (4)An enforcement notice to which paragraph 4 of Schedule 12 to this Act applies shall not operate so as to prevent or restrict the doing of anything after the end of that period. (5)Subject to the preceding provisions of this section, at the end of that period section 38(2) of the Interpretation Act 1889 (effect of repeals) shall apply as if these provisions had, as from the end of that period, been repealed by another Act. Part V Enforcement of Control under Parts III and IV Development requiring planning permission 87Power to serve enforcement notice (1)Where it appears to the local planning authority that there has been a breach of planning control after the end of 1963, then, subject to any directions given by the Secretary of State and to the following provisions of this section, the authority, if they consider it expedient to do so having regard to the provisions of the development plan and to any other material considerations, may serve a notice under this section (in this Act referred to as an " enforcement notice ") requiring the breach to be remedied. (2)There is a breach of planning control if development has been carried out, whether before or after the commencement of this Act, without the grant of planning permission required in that behalf in accordance with Part III of the Act of 1962 or Part III of this Act, or if any conditions or limitations subject to which planning permission was granted have not been complied with. (3)Where an enforcement notice relates to a breach of planning control consisting in— (a)the carrying out without planning permission of building, engineering, mining or other operations in, on, over or under land ; or (b)the failure to comply with any condition or limitation which relates to the carrying out of such operations and subject to which planning permission was granted for the development of that land ; or (c)the making without planning permission of a change of use of any building to use as a single dwellinghouse,it may be served only within the period of four years from the date of the breach. (4)An enforcement notice shall be served on the owner and on the occupier of the land to which it relates and on any other person having an interest in that land, being an interest which in the opinion of the authority is materially affected by the notice. (5)Where planning permission has effect subject to a condition to which section 82 of this Act applies, and by reason of anything done in a particular part of a building that condition is contravened, any enforcement notice relating to the contravention shall be taken to be served on the owner and on the occupier of the land to which it relates if it is served on the owner and on the occupier of that part of the building, whether it is also served on any other person or not. (6)An enforcement notice shall specify— (a)the matters alleged to constitute a breach of planning control; (b)the steps required by the authority to be taken in order to remedy the breach, that is to say steps for the purpose of restoring the land to its condition before the development took place or (according to the particular circumstances of the breach) of securing compliance with the conditions or limitations subject to which planning permission was granted; and (c)the period for compliance with the notice, that is to say the period (beginning with the date when the notice takes effect) within which those steps are required to be taken. (7)The steps which may be required by an enforcement notice to be taken include the demolition or alteration of any buildings or works, the discontinuance of any use of land, or the carrying out on land of any building or other operations. (8)Subject to section 88 of this Act, an enforcement notice shall take effect at the end of such period, not being less than twenty-eight days after the service of the notice, as may be specified in the notice. (9)The local planning authority may withdraw an enforcement notice (without prejudice to their power to serve another) at any time before it takes effect; and, if they do so, they shall forthwith give notice of the withdrawal to every person who was served with the notice. 88Appeal against enforcement notice (1)A person on whom an enforcement notice is served, or any other person having an interest in the land may, at any time within the period specified in the notice as the period at the end of which it is to take effect, appeal to the Secretary of State against the notice on any of the following grounds— (a)that planning permission ought to be granted for the development to which the notice relates or, as the case may be, that a condition or limitation alleged in the enforcement notice not to have been complied with ought to be discharged ; (b)that the matters alleged in the notice do not constitute a breach of planning control; (c)in the case of a notice which, by virtue of section 87(3) of this Act, may be served only within the period of four years from the date of the breach of planning control to which the notice relates, that that period has elapsed at the date of service ; (d)in the case of a notice not falling within paragraph (c) of this subsection, that the breach of planning control alleged by the notice occurred before the beginning of 1964; (e)that the enforcement notice was not served as required by section 87(4) of this Act; (f)that the steps required by the notice to be taken exceed what is necessary to remedy any breach of planning control; (g)that the specified period for compliance with the notice falls short of what should reasonably be allowed. (2)An appeal under this section shall be made by notice in writing to the Secretary of State, which shall indicate the grounds of the appeal and state the facts on which it is based; and on any such appeal the Secretary of State shall, if either the appellant or the local planning authority so desire, afford to each of them an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose. (3)Where an appeal is brought under this section, the enforcement notice shall be of no effect pending the final determination or the withdrawal of the appeal. (4)On an appeal under this section— (a)the Secretary of State may correct any informality, defect or error in the enforcement notice if he is satisfied that the informality, defect or error is not material; (b)in a case where it would otherwise be a ground for determining the appeal in favour of the appellant that a person required by section 87(4) of this Act to be served with the notice was not served, the Secretary of State may disregard that fact if neither the appellant nor that person has been substantially prejudiced by the failure to serve him. (5)On the determination of an appeal under this section, the Secretary of State shall give directions for giving effect to his determination, including, where appropriate, directions for quashing the enforcement notice or for varying the terms of the notice in favour of the appellant; and the Secretary of State may— (a)grant planning permission for the development to which the enforcement notice relates or, as the case may be, discharge any condition or limitation subject to which planning permission for that development was granted; (b)determine any purpose for which the land may, in the circumstances obtaining at the time of the determination, be lawfully used having regard to any past use thereof and to any planning permission relating to the land. (6)In considering whether to grant planning permission under subsection (5) of this section, the Secretary of State shall have regard to the provisions of the development plan, so far as material to the subject-matter of the enforcement notice, and to any other material considerations; and any planning permission granted by him under that subsection may— (a)include permission to retain or complete any buildings or works on the land, or to do so without complying with some condition attached to a previous planning permission; (b)be granted subject to such conditions as the Secretary of State thinks fit;and where under that subsection he discharges a condition or limitation, he may substitute another condition or limitation for it, whether more or less onerous. (7)Where an appeal against an enforcement notice is brought under this section, the appellant shall be deemed to have made an application for planning permission for the development to which the notice relates and, in relation to any exercise by the Secretary of State of his powers under subsection (5) of this section, the following provisions shall have effect— (a)any planning permission granted thereunder shall be treated as granted on the said application ; (b)in relation to a grant of planning permission or a determination under that subsection, the Secretary of State's decision shall be final; and (c)for the purposes of section 34 of this Act, the decision shall be treated as having been given by the Secretary of State in dealing with an application for planning permission made to the local planning authority. (8)On an appeal under this section against an enforcement notice relating to anything done in contravention of a condition to which section 71 or 82 of this Act applies, the Secretary of State shall not be required to entertain the appeal in so far as the appellant claims that planning permission free from that condition ought to be granted. (9)Schedule 9 to this Act applies to appeals under this section, including appeals under this section as applied by regulations under any other provision of this Act. 89Penalties for non-compliance with enforcement notice (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, where an enforcement notice has been served on the person who, at the time when the notice was served on him, was the owner of the land to which it relates, then, if any steps required by the notice to be taken (other than the discontinuance of a use of land) have not been taken within the period allowed for compliance with the notice, that person shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400 or on conviction on indictment to a fine. (2)If a person against whom proceedings are brought under subsection (1) of this section has, at some time before the end of the period allowed for compliance with the notice, ceased to be the owner of the land, he shall, upon information duly laid by him, and on giving to the prosecution not less than three clear days' notice of his intention, be entitled to have the person who then became the owner of the land (in this section referred to as "the subsequent owner") brought before the court in the proceedings. (3)If, after it has been proved that any steps required by the enforcement notice have not been taken within the period allowed for compliance with the notice, the original defendant proves that the failure to take those steps were attributable, in whole or in part, to the default of the subsequent owner— (a)the subsequent owner may be convicted of the offence; and (b)the original defendant, if he further proves that he took all reasonable steps to secure compliance with the enforcement notice, shall be acquitted of the offence. (4)If, after a person has been convicted under the preceding provisions of this section, he does not as soon as practicable do everything in his power to secure compliance with the enforcement notice, he shall be guilty of a further offence and liable— (a)on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50 for each day following his first conviction on which any of the requirements of the enforcement notice (other than the discontinuance of the use of land) remain unfulfilled; or (b)on conviction on indictment to a fine. (5)Where, by virtue of an enforcement notice, a use of land is required to be discontinued, or any conditions or limitations are required to be complied with in respect of a use of land or in respect of the carrying out of operations thereon, then if any person uses the land or causes or permits it to be used, or carries out those operations or causes or permits them to be carried out, in contravention of the notice, he shall be guilty of an offence, and shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400, or on conviction on indictment to a fine; and if the use is continued after the conviction he shall be guilty of a further offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50 for each day on which the use is so continued, or on conviction on indictment to a fine. (6)Any reference in this section to the period allowed for compliance with an enforcement notice is a reference to the period specified in the notice for compliance therewith or such extended period as the local planning authority may allow for compliance with the notice. 90Power to stop further development pending proceedings on enforcement notice (1)Where in respect of any land the local planning authority have served an enforcement notice, they may at any time before the notice takes effect serve a further notice (in this Act referred to as a " stop notice ") referring to, and having annexed to it a copy of, the enforcement notice and prohibiting any person on whom the stop notice is served from carrying out or continuing any specified operations on the land, being operations either alleged in the enforcement notice to constitute a breach of planning control or so closely associated therewith as to constitute substantially the same operations. (2)The operations which may be the subject of a stop notice shall include the deposit of refuse or waste materials on land where that is a breach of planning control alleged in the enforcement notice. (3)A stop notice may be served by the local planning authority on any person who appears to them to have an interest in the land or to be concerned with the carrying out or continuance of any operations thereon. (4)A stop notice— (a)shall specify the date (not being earlier than three nor later than fourteen days from the day on which the notice is first served on any person) when it is to take effect; (b)in relation to any person served with it, shall have effect as from that date or the third day after the date of service on him, whichever is the later; and (c)shall, without prejudice to subsection (7) of this section, cease to have effect when the enforcement notice takes effect or is withdrawn or quashed. (5)If while a stop notice has effect in relation to him a person carries out, or causes or permits to be carried out, any operations prohibited by the notice, he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400, or on conviction on indictment to a fine; and if the offence is continued after conviction he shall be guilty of a further offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50 for each day on which the offence is continued, or on conviction on indictment to a fine. (6)A stop notice shall not be invalid by reason that the enforcement notice to which it relates was not served as required by section 87(4) of this Act if it is shown that the local planning authority took all such steps as were reasonably practicable to effect proper service. (7)The local planning authority may at any time withdraw a stop notice (without prejudice to their power to serve another) by serving notice to that effect on persons who were served with the stop notice; and the stop notice shall cease to have effect as from the date of service of the notice under this subsection. (8)Where a person (in this subsection called " the contractor ") is under contract to another person (in this subsection called " the developer ") to carry out any operations on land and— (a)a stop notice takes effect (whether in relation to the developer or the contractor, or both) prohibiting the carrying out or continuance of those operations; and (b)the operations are countermanded, or discontinued by the contractor accordingly,then, unless and in so far as the contract makes, provision explicitly to the contrary of this subsection, the developer shall be under the same liability in contract as if the operations had been countermanded or discontinued on instructions given by him in breach of the contract. This subsection applies only to contracts entered into before the end of 1969. 91Execution and cost of works required by enforcement notice (1)If, within the period specified in an enforcement notice for compliance therewith, or within such extended period as the local planning authority may allow, any steps required by the notice to be taken (other than the discontinuance of a use of land) have not been taken, the local planning authority may enter the land and take those steps, and may recover from the person who is then the owner of the land any expenses reasonably incurred by them in doing so. (2)Any expenses incurred by the owner or occupier of any land for the purpose of complying with an enforcement notice served in respect of any breach of planning control (as defined in section 87(2) of this Act) and any sums paid by the owner of any land under subsection (1) of this section in respect of expenses incurred by the local planning authority in taking steps required by such a notice to be taken, shall be deemed to be incurred or paid for the use and at the request of the person by whom the breach of planning control was committed. (3)Regulations made under this Act may provide that, in relation to any steps required to be taken by an enforcement notice, all or any of the enactments specified in subsection (4) of this section shall apply, subject to such adaptations and modifications as may be specified in the regulations, including, in the case of the enactment specified in paragraph (b) of that subsection, adaptations and modifications for the purpose of affording to the owner of land to which an enforcement notice relates the right, as against all other persons interested in the land, to comply with the requirements of the enforcement notice. (4)The said enactments are the following provisions of the Public Health Act 1936, that is to say— (a)section 276 (power of local authorities to sell materials removed in executing works under that Act subject to accounting for the proceeds of sale); (b)section 289 (power to require the occupier of any premises to permit works to be executed by the owner of the premises); (c)section 292 (power of local authorities to include a sum in respect of establishment charges in their expenses in executing works); and (d)section 294 (limit on liability of persons holding premises as agents or trustees in respect of the expenses recoverable under that Act). (5)Any regulations made in accordance with subsection (3) of this section may provide for the charging on the land of any expenses recoverable by a local authority under subsection (1) of this section. 92Effect of planning permission on enforcement notice (1)If, after the service of an enforcement notice, planning permission is granted for the retention on land of buildings or works, or for the continuance of a use of land, to which the enforcement notice relates, the enforcement notice shall cease to have effect in so far as it requires steps to be taken for the demolition or alteration of those buildings or works, or the discontinuance of that use, as the case may be. (2)If the planning permission granted as mentioned in sub section (1) of this section is granted so as to permit the retention of buildings or works, or the continuance of a use of land, without complying with some condition subject to which a previous planning permission was granted, the enforcement notice shall cease to have effect in so far as it requires steps to be taken for complying with that condition. (3)The preceding provisions of this section shall be without prejudice to the liability of any person for an offence in respect of a failure to comply with the enforcement notice before the relevant provision of the enforcement notice ceased to have effect. 93Enforcement notice to have effect against subsequent development (1)Compliance with an enforcement notice, whether in respect of— (a)the demolition or alteration of any buildings or works; or (b)the discontinuance of any use of land,or in respect of any other requirements contained in the enforcement notice, shall not discharge the enforcement notice. (2)Without prejudice to subsection (1) of this section, any provision of an enforcement notice requiring a use of land to be discontinued shall operate as a requirement that it shall be discontinued permanently, to the extent that it is in contravention of Part III of this Act; and accordingly the resumption of that use at any time after it has been discontinued in compliance with the enforcement notice shall to that extent be in contravention of the enforcement notice. (3)Without prejudice to subsection (1) of this section, if any development is carried out on land by way of reinstating or restoring buildings or works which have been demolished or altered in compliance with an enforcement notice, the notice shall, notwithstanding that its terms are not apt for the purpose, be deemed to apply in relation to the buildings or works as reinstated or restored as it applied in relation to the buildings or works before they were demolished or altered; and, subject to subsection (4) of this section, the provisions of section 91(1) and (2) of this Act, shall apply accordingly. (4)Where, at any time after an enforcement notice takes effect— (a)any development is carried out on land by way of reinstating or restoring buildings or works which have been demolished or altered in compliance with the notice; and (b)the local planning authority propose, under section 91(1) of this Act, to take any steps required by the enforcement notice for the demolition or alteration of the buildings or works in consequence of the reinstatement or restoration,the local planning authority shall, not less than twenty-eight days before taking any such steps, serve on the owner and occupier of the land a notice of their intention to do so. (5)A person who, without the grant of planning permission in that' behalf, carries out any development on land by way of reinstating or restoring buildings or works which have been demolished or altered in compliance with an enforcement notice shall be guilty of an offence, and shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400; and no person shall be liable under any of the provisions of section 89(1) to (4) of this Act for failure to take any steps required to be taken by an enforcement notice by way of demolition or alteration of what has been so reinstated or restored. 94Certification of established use (1)For the purposes of this Part of this Act, a use of land is established if— (a)it was begun before the beginning of 1964 without planning permission in that behalf and has continued since the end of 1963 ; or (b)it was begun before the beginning of 1964 under a planning permission in that behalf granted subject to conditions or limitations, which either have never been complied with or have not been complied with since the end of 1963 ; or (c)it was begun after the end of 1963 as the result of a change of use not requiring planning permission and there has been, since the end of 1963, no change of use requiring planning permission. (2)Where a person having an interest in land claims that a particular use of it has become established, he may apply to the local planning authority for a certificate (in this Act referred to as an " established use certificate ") to that effect:Provided that no such application may be made in respect of the use of land as a single dwellinghouse, or of any use not subsisting at the time of the application. (3)An established use certificate may be granted (either by the local planning authority or, under section 95 of this Act, by the Secretary of State)— (a)either for the whole of the land specified in the application, or for a part of it; (b)in the case of an application specifying two or more uses, either for all those uses or for some one or more of them. (4)On an application to them under this section, the local planning authority shall, if and so far as they are satisfied that the applicant's claim is made out, grant to him an established use certificate accordingly; and if and so far as they are not so satisfied, they shall refuse the application. (5)Where an application is made to a local planning authority for an established use certificate, then unless within such period as may be prescribed by a development order, or within such extended period as may at any time be agreed upon in writing between the applicant and the local planning authority, the authority give notice to the applicant of their decision on the application, then, for the purposes of section 95(2) of this Act, the application shall be deemed to be refused. (6)Schedule 14 to this Act shall have effect with respect to established use certificates and applications therefor and to appeals under section 95 of this Act. (7)An established use certificate shall, as respects any matters stated therein, be conclusive for the purposes of an appeal to the Secretary of State against an enforcement notice served in respect of any land to which the certificate relates, but only where the notice is served after the date of the application on which the certificate was granted. (8)If any person, for the purpose of procuring a particular decision on an application (whether by himself or another) for an established use certificate or on an appeal arising out of such an. application— (a)knowingly or recklessly makes a statement which is false in a material particular; or (b)with intent to deceive, produces, furnishes, sends or otherwise makes use of any document which is false in a material particular; or (c)with intent to deceive, withholds any material information,he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400 or, on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or a fine, or both. 95Grant of certificate by Secretary of State on referred application or appeal against refusal (1)The Secretary of State may give directions requiring applications for established use certificates to be referred to him instead of being dealt with by local planning authorities; and, on any such application being referred to him in accordance with such directions, section 94(4) of this Act shall apply in relation to the Secretary of State as it applies in relation to the local planning authority in the case of an application determined by them. (2)Where an application is made to a local planning authority for an established use certificate and is refused, or is refused in part, the applicant may by notice under this subsection appeal to the Secretary of State; and on any such appeal the Secretary of State shall— (a)if and so far as he is satisfied that the authority's refusal is not well-founded, grant to the appellant an established use certificate accordingly or, as the case may be, modify the certificate granted by the authority on the application; and (b)if and so far as he is satisfied that the authority's refusal is well-founded, dismiss the appeal. (3)On an application referred to him under subsection (1) of this section or on an appeal to him under subsection (2) of this section, the Secretary of State may, in respect of any use of land for which an established use certificate is not granted (either by him or by the local planning authority), grant planning permission for that use or, as the case may be, for the continuance of that use without complying with some condition subject to which a previous planning permission was granted. (4)Before determining an application or appeal under this section the Secretary of State shall, if either the applicant or appellant (as the case may be) or the local planning authority so desire, afford to each of them an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose. (5)The decision of the Secretary of State on an application referred to him, or on an appeal, under this section shall be final. (6)In the case of any use of land for which the Secretary of State Has power to grant planning permission under this section, the applicant or appellant shall be deemed to have made an application for such planning permission; and any planning permission so granted shall be treated as granted on the said application. (7)Schedule 9 to this Act applies to appeals under this section. Listed buildings 96Power to serve listed building enforcement notice (1)Where it appears to the local planning authority that any works have been, or are being, executed to a listed building in .their area and are such as to involve a contravention of section 55(1) or (4) of this Act, then, subject to any directions given by the Secretary of State, they may, if they consider it expedient to do so having regard to the effect of the works on the character of the building as one of special architectural or historic interest, serve a notice— (a)specifying the alleged contravention ; and (b)requiring such steps as may be specified in the notice for restoring that building to its former state or, as the case may be, for bringing it to the state it would have been in if the terms and conditions of any fisted building consent for the works had been complied with, to be taken within such period as may be so specified. (2)A notice under this section is in this Act referred to as a " listed building enforcement notice (3)A listed building enforcement notice shall be served on the owner and on the occupier of the building to which it relates and on any other person having an interest in the building, being an interest which in the opinion of the authority is materially affected by the notice. (4)Subject to section 97 of this Act, a listed building enforcement notice shall take effect at the end of such period, not being less than twenty-eight days after the service of the notice, as may be specified in the notice. (5)The local planning authority may withdraw a listed building enforcement notice (without prejudice to their power to serve another) at any time before it takes effect; and if they do so, they shall forthwith give notice of the withdrawal to every person who was served with the notice. 97Appeal against listed building enforcement notice (1)A person on whom a listed building enforcement notice is served, or any other person having an interest in the building to which it relates, may, at any time within the period specified in the notice as the period at the end of which it is to take effect, appeal to the Secretary of State against the notice on any of the following grounds— (a)that the building is not of special architectural or historic interest; (b)that the matters alleged to constitute a contravention of section 55 of this Act do not involve such a contravention ; (c)that the works were urgently necessary in the interests of safety or health, or for the preservation of the building; (d)that listed building consent ought to be granted for the works, or that any relevant condition of such consent which has been granted ought to be discharged, or different conditions substituted ; (e)that the notice was not served as required by section 96(3) of this Act; (f)that the requirements of the notice exceed what is necessary for restoring the building to its condition before the works were carried out; (g)that the period specified in the notice as the period within which any steps required thereby are to be taken falls short of what should reasonably be allowed; (h)that the steps required by the notice to be taken would not serve the purpose of restoring the character of the building to its former state. (2)An appeal under this section shall be made by notice in writing to the Secretary of State, which shall indicate the grounds of appeal and state the facts on which it is based; and on any such appeal the Secretary of State shall, if either the appellant or the local planning authority so desire, afford to each of them an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose. (3)Where an appeal is brought under this section the notice shall be of no effect pending the final determination or withdrawal of the appeal. (4)On an appeal under this section,— (a)the Secretary of State may correct any informality, defect or error in the notice if he is satisfied that the informality, defect or error is not material; (b)in a case where it would otherwise be a ground for determining the appeal in favour of the appellant that a person required by section 96(3) of this Act to be served with the notice was not served, the Secretary of State may disregard that fact if he is satisfied that the person has not been substantially prejudiced by the failure to serve him. (5)On the determination of an appeal under this section the Secretary of State shall give directions for giving effect to his determination, including, where appropriate, directions for quashing the listed building enforcement notice or for varying the terms of the notice in favour of the appellant, and the Secretary of State may— (a)grant listed building consent for the works to which the notice relates or, as the case may be, discharge any condition subject to which such consent was granted and substitute any other condition, whether more or less onerous; (b)in so far as any works already executed constitute development for which planning permission is required, grant such permission in respect of the works; (c)if he thinks fit, exercise his power under section 54 of this Act to amend any list compiled or approved thereunder by removing from it the building to which the appeal relates or his power under subsection (10) of that section to direct that that subsection shall no longer apply to the building. (6)Any planning permission granted by the Secretary of State under subsection (5) of this section shall be treated as granted on an; application for the like permission under Part III of this Act, and any listed building consent granted by him thereunder shall be treated as granted on an application for the like consent under Part I of Schedule 11 to this Act; and— (a)in relation to the grant thereunder either of planning permission or of listed building consent., the Secretary of State's decision shall be final; (b)for the purposes of section 34 of this Act a decision of the Secretary of State to grant planning permission shall be treated as having been given by him in dealing with an application for planning permission made to the local planning authority. (7)Schedule 9 to this Act applies to appeals under this section. 98Penalties for non-compliance with listed building enforcement notice (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, where a listed building enforcement notice has been served on the person who, at the time when the notice was served on him, was the owner of the building to which it relates, then, if any steps required by the notice to be taken have not been taken within the period allowed for compliance with the notice, that person shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400, or on conviction on indictment to a fine. (2)If a person against whom proceedings have been brought under subsection (1) of this section has, at some time before the end of the period allowed for compliance with the notice, ceased to be the owner of the building, he shall, upon information duly laid by him, and on giving to the prosecution not less than three clear days' notice of his intention, be entitled to have the person who then became the owner of the building (in this section referred to as " the subsequent owner ") brought before the court in the proceedings. (3)If, after it has been proved that any steps required by the notice have not been taken within the period allowed for compliance with the notice, the original defendant proves that the failure to take those steps was attributable, in whole or in part, to the default of the subsequent owner— (a)the subsequent owner may be convicted of the offence; and (b)the original defendant, if he further proves that he took all reasonable steps to secure compliance with the notice, shall be acquitted of the offence. (4)If, after a person has been convicted under the preceding provisions of this section, he does not as soon as practicable do everything in his power to secure compliance with the notice, he shall be guilty of a further offence and be liable— (a)on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50 for each day following his first conviction on which any of the requirements of the notice remain unfulfilled ; or (b)on conviction on indictment to a fine. (5)Any reference in this section to the period allowed for compliance with a listed building enforcement notice is a reference to the period specified in the notice as that within which the steps specified in the notice are required thereby to be taken, or such extended period as the local planning authority may allow for taking them. 99Execution and cost of works required by listed building enforcement notice (1)If, within the period specified in a listed building enforcement notice as that within which the steps specified in the notice are required thereby to be taken, or within such extended period as the local planning authority may allow, any steps required by the notice to be taken have not been taken, the authority may enter the land and take those steps, and may recover from the person who is then the owner of the land any expenses reasonably incurred by them in doing so. (2)Any expenses incurred by the owner or occupier of a building for the purpose of complying with a listed building enforcement notice, and any sums paid by the owner of a building under subsection (1) of this section in respect of expenses incurred by the local planning authority in taking steps required by such a notice to be taken, shall be deemed to be incurred or paid for the use and at the request of the person who carried out the works to which the notice relates. (3)The provisions of section 91(3) and (4) of this Act shall apply in relation to a listed building enforcement notice as they apply in relation to an enforcement notice; and any regulations made by virtue of this subsection may provide for the charging on the land on which the building stands of any expenses recoverable by a local planning authority under subsection (1) of this section. 100Enforcement by, or by direction of, the Secretary of State (1)If it appears to the Secretary of State, after consultation with the local planning authority (and, in Greater London, also with the Greater London Council), to be expedient that a listed building enforcement notice should be served in respect of any land, he may give directions to the local planning authority requiring them to serve such a notice, or may himself serve such a notice; and any notice so served by the Secretary of State shall have the like effect as a notice served by the local planning authority. (2)In relation to a listed building enforcement notice served by the Secretary of State, the provisions of section 99 of this Act shall apply as if for any reference therein to the local planning authority there were substituted a reference to the Secretary of State. 101Works for preservation of unoccupied listed building in cases of urgency If it appears to a local authority that any works are urgently necessary for the preservation of any unoccupied building situated in their area which— (a)is included in a list compiled or approved under section 54 of this Act; and (b)is not an excepted building as defined in section 58(2) of this Act,they may, after giving to the owner of the building not less than seven days' notice in writing of the proposed execution of the works, take such steps as they consider appropriate for executing the works. Trees 102Penalties for non-compliance with tree preservation order (1)If any person, in contravention of a tree preservation order, cuts down or wilfully destroys a tree, or tops or lops a tree in such a manner as to be likely to destroy it, he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £250 or twice the sum which appears to the court to be the value of the tree, whichever is the greater. (2)If any person contravenes the provisions of a tree preservation order otherwise than as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50. (3)If, in the case of a continuing offence under this section, the contravention is continued after the conviction, the offender shall be guilty of a further offence and liable on summary conviction to an additional fine not exceeding £2 for each day on which the contravention is so continued. 103Enforcement of duties as to replacement of trees (1)If it appears to the local planning authority that the provisions of section 62 of this Act, or any conditions of a consent given under a tree preservation order which require the replacement of trees, are not complied with in the case of any tree or trees, that authority may, at any time within four years from the date of the alleged failure to comply with the said provisions or conditions, serve on the owner of the land a notice requiring him, within such period as may be specified in the notice, to plant a tree or trees of such size and species as may be so specified. (2)Subject to the following provisions of this section, a notice under this section shall take effect at the end of such period, not being less than twenty-eight days after the service of the notice, as may be specified in the notice. (3)A person on whom a notice under this section is served may, at any time within the period specified in the notice as the period at the end of which it is to take effect, appeal to the Secretary of State against the notice on any of the following grounds— (a)that the provisions of the said section 62 or the conditions aforesaid are not applicable or have been complied with; (b)that the requirements of the notice are unreasonable in respect of the period or the size or species of trees specified therein ; (c)that the planting of a tree or trees in accordance with the notice is not required in the interests of amenity or would be contrary to the practice of good forestry; (d)that the place on which the tree is or trees are required to be planted is unsuitable for that purpose;and the provisions of section 88(2), (3) and (4)(a) of this Act, and of so much of section 88(5) of this Act as enables the Secretary of State to give directions, shall apply in relation to any such appeal as they apply in relation to an appeal against an enforcement notice. (4)Schedule 9 to this Act applies to appeals under subsection (3) of this section. (5)In section 91 of this Act, and in regulations in force under that section, references to an enforcement notice and an enforcement notice served in respect of any breach of planning control shall include references to a notice under this section; and in relation to such a notice the reference in subsection (2) of that section to the person by whom the breach of planning control was committed shall be construed as a reference to any person, other than the owner, responsible for the cutting down, destruction or removal of the original tree or trees. Waste land 104Penalty for non-compliance with notice as to waste land (1)The provisions of this section shall have effect where a notice has been served under section 65 of this Act, and the period within which the steps required by the notice are to be taken has expired. (2)If at any time after the end of that period any of those steps have not been taken, and any person does anything which has the effect of continuing or aggravating the injury caused by the condition of the land to which the notice relates, he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50. 105Appeal to magistrates' court against notice as to waste land (1)A person on whom a notice under section 65 of this Act is served, or any other person having an interest in the land to which the notice relates, may, at any time within the period specified in the notice as the period at the end of which it is to take effect, appeal against the notice on any of the following grounds— (a)that the condition of the land to which the notice relates does not seriously injure the amenity of any part of the area of the local planning authority who served the notice, or of any adjoining area ; (b)that the condition of the land to which the notice relates is attributable to, and such as results in the ordinary course of events from, the carrying on of operations or a use of land which is not in contravention of Part III of this Act; (c)that the land to which the notice relates does not constitute a garden, vacant site or other open land in the area of the local planning authority who served the notice; (d)that the requirements of the notice exceed what is necessary for preventing the condition of the land from seriously injuring the amenity of any part of the area of the local planning authority who served the notice, or of any adjoining area ; (e)that the period specified in the notice as the period within which any steps required by the notice are to be taken falls short of what should reasonably be allowed. (2)Any appeal under this section shall be made to a magistrates' court acting for the petty sessions area in which the land in question is situated. (3)Where an appeal is brought under this section, the notice to which it relates shall be of no effect pending the final determination or withdrawal of the appeal. (4)On an appeal under this section the magistrates' court may correct any informality, defect or error in the notice if satisfied that the informality, defect or error is not material. (5)On the determination of an appeal under this section the magistrates' court shall give directions for giving effect to their determination, including, where appropriate, directions for quashing the notice or for varying the terms of the notice in favour of the appellant. 106Further appeal to the Crown Court Where an appeal has been brought under section 105 of this Act, an appeal against the decision of the magistrates' court thereon may be brought to the Crown Court by the appellant or by the local planning authority. 107Execution and cost of works required by notice as to waste land (1)If, within the period specified in a notice under section 65 of this Act in accordance with subsection (1) of that section, or within such extended period as the local planning authority may allow, any steps required by the notice to be taken have not been taken, the local planning authority may enter the land and take those steps, and may recover from the person who is then the owner of the land any expenses reasonably incurred by them in doing so. (2)Any expenses incurred by the owner or occupier of any land for the purpose of complying with a notice under section 65 of this Act, and any sums paid by the owner of any land under subsection (1) of this section in respect of expenses incurred by the local planning authority in taking steps required by such a notice to be taken, shall be deemed to be incurred or paid for the use and at the request of the person who caused or permitted the land to come to be in the condition in which it was when the notice was served. (3)The provisions of section 91(3) and (4) of this Act shall apply in relation to a notice under section 65 of this Act as they apply in relation to an enforcement notice; and regulations made by virtue of this subsection may provide for the charging on the land of any expenses recoverable by a local authority under subsection (1) of this section. Other controls 108Enforcement of orders under s.51 (1)Where, by virtue of an order under section 51 of this Act, the use of land for any purpose is required to be discontinued, or any conditions are imposed on the continuance thereof, then if any person, without the grant of planning permission in that behalf, uses the land for that purpose or, as the case may be, uses the land for that purpose in contravention of those conditions, or causes or permits the land to be so used, he shall be guilty of an offence, and shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400 or on conviction on indictment to a fine; and if the use is continued after the conviction, he shall be guilty of a further offence and liable— (a)on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50 for each day on which the use is so continued; or (b)on conviction on indictment to a fine. (2)If, within the period specified in that behalf in an order under section 51 of this Act, any steps required by that order to be taken for the alteration or removal of any buildings or works have not been taken, the local planning authority may, and shall if so required by directions of the Secretary of State, enter the land and take those steps; and section 276 of the Public Health Act 1936 shall apply in relation to any works executed by a local planning authority under this subsection as it applies in relation to works executed by a local authority under that Act. 109Enforcement of control as to advertisements (1)The matters for which provision may be made by regulations under section 63 of this Act shall include provision for enabling the local planning authority to require the removal of any advertisement which is being displayed in contravention of the regulations, or the discontinuance of the use for the display of advertisements of any site which is being so used in contravention of the regulations, and for that purpose for applying any of the provisions of this Part of this Act with respect to enforcement notices or the provisions of section 177 of this Act, subject to such adaptations and modifications as may be specified in the regulations. (2)Without prejudice to any provisions included in regulations made under section 63 of this Act by virtue of subsection (1) of this section, if any person displays an advertisement in contravention of the provisions of the regulations he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine of such amount as may be prescribed by the regulations, not exceeding £100 and, in the case of a continuing offence, £5 for each day during which the offence continues after conviction. (3)For the purposes of subsection (2) of this section, and without prejudice to the generality thereof, a person shall be deemed to display an advertisement if— (a)the advertisement is displayed on land of which he is the owner or occupier; or (b)the advertisement gives publicity to his goods, trade, business or other concerns:Provided that a person shall not be guilty of an offence under that subsection by reason only that an advertisement is displayed on land of which he is the owner or occupier, or that his goods, trade, business or other concerns are given publicity by the advertisement, if he proves that it was displayed without his knowledge or consent. Supplementary provisions 110Supplementary provisions as to appeals to Secretary of State under Part V (1)Subsection (5) of section 290 of the Local Government Act 1933 (which authorises a government department holding an inquiry under that section to make orders with respect to the costs of the parties) shall apply in relation to any proceedings before the Secretary of State on an appeal under this Part of this Act as if those proceedings were an inquiry held by the Secretary of State under the said section 290. (2)Where under this Part of this Act any person has appealed to the Secretary of State or (in accordance with section 105 of this Act) to a magistrates' court against a notice, neither that person nor any other shall be entitled, in any other proceedings instituted after the making of the appeal, to claim that the notice was not duly served on the person who appealed. 111Recovery of expenses of local planning authorities under Part V Where by virtue of any of the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act any expenses are recoverable by a local planning authority, those expenses shall be recoverable as a simple contract debt in any court of competent jurisdiction. Part VI Acquisition and Appropriation of Land and Related Provisions Acquisition and appropriation of land 112Compulsory acquisition of land in connection with development and for other planning purposes (1)The Secretary of State may authorise a local authority to whom this section applies to acquire compulsorily any land within their area if he is satisfied— (a)that the land is required in order to secure the treatment as a whole, by development, redevelopment or improvement, or partly by one and partly by another method, of the land or of any area in which the land is situated; or (b)that it is expedient in the public interest that the land should be held together with land so required; or (c)that the land is required for development or redevelopment, or both, as a whole for the purpose of providing for the relocation of population or industry or the replacement of open space in the course of the redevelopment or improvement, or both, of another area as a whole ; or (d)that it is expedient to acquire the land immediately for a purpose which it is necessary to achieve in the interests of the proper planning of an area in which the land is situated. (2)Where under subsection (1) of this section the Secretary of State has power to authorise a local authority to whom this section applies to acquire any land compulsorily he may, after the requisite consultation, authorise the land to be so acquired by another authority, being a local authority within the meaning of this Act. (3)Before giving an authorisation under subsection (2) of this section, the Secretary of State shall— (a)where the land is in a county borough, consult with the council of the borough; (b)where the land is in a county district, consult with the councils of the county and the county district; (c)where the land is in a London borough, consult with the council of the borough and with the Greater London Council. (4)The Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 shall apply to the compulsory acquisition of land under this section and accordingly shall have effect as if this section had been in force immediately before the commencement of that Act. (5)The local authorities to whom this section applies are the councils of counties, county boroughs, and county districts, the Greater London Council and the councils of London boroughs. 113Compulsory acquisition of land by Secretary of State for the Environment (1)The Secretary of State for the Environment may acquire compulsorily any land necessary for the public service. (2)The power of acquiring land compulsorily under this section shall include power to acquire an easement or other right over land by the grant of a new right:Provided that this subsection shall not apply to an easement or other right over any land which would for the purposes of the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 form part of a common, open space or fuel or field garden allotment. (3)The said Act of 1946 shall apply to any compulsory acquisition by the Secretary of State for the Environment under this section as it applies to a compulsory acquisition by another Minister in a case falling within section 1(1) of that Act. 114Compulsory acquisition of listed building in need of repair (1)Where it appears to the Secretary of State, in the case of a building to which this section applies, that reasonable steps are not being taken for properly preserving it, the Secretary of State may authorise the council of the county, county borough or county district in which the building is situated or, in the case of a building situated in Greater London, the Greater London Council or the London borough council, to acquire compulsorily under this section the building and any land comprising or contiguous or adjacent to it which appears to the Secretary of State to be required for preserving the building or its amenities, or for affording access to it, or for its proper control or management. (2)Where it appears to the Secretary of State, in the case of a building to which this section applies, that reasonable steps are not being taken for properly preserving it, he may be authorised under this section to acquire compulsorily the building and any land comprising or contiguous or adjacent to it which appears to him to be required for the purpose mentioned in subsection (1) of this section. (3)This section applies to any listed building, not being an excepted building as defined in section 58(2) of this Act. (4)The Secretary of State shall not make or confirm a compulsory purchase order for the acquisition of any building by virtue of this section unless he is satisfied that it is expedient to make provision for the preservation of the building and to authorise its compulsory acquisition for that purpose. (5)The Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 shall apply to the compulsory acquisition of land under this section and accordingly shall have effect— (a)as if this section had been in force immediately before the commencement of that Act; and (b)as if references therein to the enactments specified in section 1(1)(b) of that Act included references to the provisions of this section. (6)Any person having an interest in a building which it is proposed to acquire compulsorily under this section may, within twenty-eight days after the service of the notice required by paragraph 3(1)(b) of Schedule 1 to the said Act of 1946, apply to a magistrates' court acting for the petty sessions area within which the building is situated for an order staying further proceedings on the compulsory purchase order; and, if the court is satisfied that reasonable steps have been taken for properly preserving the building, the court shall make an order accordingly. (7)Any person aggrieved by the decision of a magistrates' court on an application under subsection (6) of this section may appeal against the decision to the Crown Court. 115Repairs notice as preliminary to compulsory acquisition under s.114 (1)Neither a council nor the Secretary of State shall start the compulsory purchase of a building under section 114 of this Act unless at least two months previously they have served on the owner of the building, and not withdrawn, a notice under this section (in this section referred to as a "repairs notice ")— (a)specifying the works which they consider reasonably necessary for the proper preservation of the building; and (b)explaining the effect of sections 114 to 117 of this Act. (2)Where a council or the Secretary of State have served a repairs notice, the demolition of the building thereafter shall not prevent them from being authorised under section 114 of this Act to acquire compulsorily the site of the building, if the Secretary of State is satisfied that he would have confirmed or, as the case may be, would have made a compulsory purchase order in respect of the building had it not been demolished. (3)A council or the Secretary of State may at any time withdraw a repairs notice served by them; and if they do so, they shall forthwith give notice of the withdrawal to the person who was served with the notice. (4)For the purposes of this section a compulsory acquisition is started when the council or the Secretary of State, as the case may be, serve the notice required by paragraph 3(1)(b) of Schedule 1 to the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946. 116Compensation on compulsory acquisition of listed building Subject to section 117 of this Act, for the purpose of assessing compensation in respect of any compulsory acquisition of land including a building which, immediately before the date of the compulsorily purchase order, was listed, it shall be assumed that fisted building consent would be granted for any works for the alteration or extension of the building, or for its demolition, other than works in respect of which such consent has been applied for before the date of the order and refused by the Secretary of State, or granted by him subject to conditions, the circumstances having been such that compensation thereupon became payable under section 171 of this Act. 117Minimum compensation in case of listed building deliberately left derelict (1)A council proposing to acquire a building compulsorily under section 114 of this Act, if they are satisfied that the building has been deliberately allowed to fall into disrepair for the purpose of justifying its demolition and the development or re-development of the site or any adjoining site, may include in the compulsory purchase order as submitted to the Secretary of State for confirmation, an application for a direction for minimum compensation ; and the Secretary of State, if he is so satisfied, may include such a direction in the order as confirmed by him (2)Subject to the provisions of this section, where the Secretary of State acquires a building compulsorily under section 114 of this Act, he may, if he is satisfied as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, include a direction for minimum compensation in the compulsory purchase order. (3)The notice required to be served in accordance with paragraph 3(1)(b) of Schedule 1 to the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 (notices stating effect of compulsory purchase order or, as the case may be, draft order) shall, without prejudice to so much of that paragraph as requires the notice to state the effect of the order, include a statement that the authority have made application for a direction for minimum compensation or, as the case may be, that the Secretary of State has included such a direction in the draft order prepared by him in accordance with paragraph 7 of that Schedule and shall in either case explain the meaning of the expression " direction for minimum compensation ". (4)A direction for minimum compensation, in relation to a building compulsorily acquired, is a direction that for the purpose of assessing compensation it is to be assumed, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Land Compensation Act 1961 or this Act, that planning permission would not be granted for any development or re-development of the site of the building and that listed building consent would not be granted for any works for the demolition, alteration or extension of the building other than development or works necessary for restoring it to, and maintaining it in, a proper state of repair; and if a compulsory purchase order is confirmed or made with the inclusion of such a direction, the compensation in respect of the compulsory acquisition shall be assessed in accordance with the direction. (5)Where the local authority include in a compulsory purchase order made by them an application for a direction for minimum compensation, or the Secretary of State includes such a direction in a draft compulsory purchase order prepared by him, any person having an interest in the building may, within twenty-eight days after the service of the notice required by paragraph 3(1)(b) of Schedule 1 to the said Act of 1946, apply to a magistrates' court acting for the petty sessions area in which the building is situated for an order that the local authority's application for a direction for minimum compensation be refused or, as the case may be, that such a direction be not included in the compulsory purchase order as made by the Secretary of State; and if the court is satisfied that the building has not been deliberately allowed to fall into disrepair for the purpose mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, the court shall make the order applied for. (6)A person aggrieved by the decision of a magistrates' court on an application under subsection (5) of this section may appeal against the decision to the Crown Court. (7)The rights conferred by subsections (5) and (6) of this section shall not prejudice those conferred by section 114(6) and (7) of this Act. 118Extinguishment of rights over land compulsorily acquired (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, upon the completion by the acquiring authority of a compulsory acquisition of land under this Part of this Act, all private rights of way and rights of laying down, erecting, continuing or maintaining any apparatus on, under or over the land shall be extinguished, and any such apparatus shall vest in the acquiring authority. (2)Subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to any right vested in, or apparatus belonging to, statutory undertakers for the purpose of the carrying on of their undertaking. (3)In respect of any right or apparatus not falling within subsection (2) of this section, subsection (1) of this section shall have effect subject— (a)to any direction given by the acquiring authority before the completion of the acquisition that subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to any right or apparatus specified in the direction ; and (b)to any agreement which may be made (whether before or after the completion of the acquisition) between the acquiring authority and the person in or to whom the right or apparatus in question is vested or belongs. (4)Any person who suffers loss by the extinguishment of a right or the vesting of any apparatus under this section shall be entitled to compensation from the acquiring authority. (5)Any compensation payable under this section shall be determined in accordance with the Land Compensation Act 1961. 119Acquisition of land by agreement (1)The council of any county, county borough, London borough or county district may acquire by agreement— (a)any land which they require for any purpose for which a local authority may be authorised to acquire land under section 112 of this Act; (b)any building appearing to them to be of special architectural or historic interest; and (c)any land comprising or contiguous or adjacent to such a building which appears to the Secretary of State to be required for preserving the building or its amenities, or for affording access to it, or for its proper control or management. (2)The powers conferred by subsection (1) of this section shall not be exerciseable by a council except with the consent of the Secretary of State, unless the land which is to be acquired either— (a)is immediately required by the council for the purpose for which it is to be acquired ; or (b)if it is not so required, is land within the area of the council. (3)The provisions of Part I of the Compulsory Purchase Act 1965 (so far as applicable), other than sections 4 to 8, section 10 and section 31, shall apply in relation to the acquisition of land under this section. (4)The powers conferred by this section on the councils of London boroughs shall be exerciseable also by the Greater London Council— (a)in a London borough, with the consent of the council of the borough; or (b)in the Inner Temple or the Middle Temple with the consent of the Sub-Treasurer or, as the case may be, Under-Treasurer thereof; or (c)in any of the areas aforesaid if the appropriate consent aforesaid is withheld, with the consent of the Secretary of State; or (d)in relation to land in any of the areas aforesaid, without any such consent as aforesaid, if the land is used for the purposes of an industrial or commercial undertaking and is to be acquired incidentally to the removal of that undertaking from Greater London. 120Acquisition of land for purposes of exchange Without prejudice to the generality of the powers conferred by the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act, any power of a local authority to acquire land thereunder, whether compulsorily or by agreement, shall include power to acquire land required for giving in exchange— (a)for land appropriated under section 121 of this Act; or (b)for Green Belt land, within the meaning of the Green Belt (London and Home Counties) Act 1938, appropriated in accordance with that Act for any purpose specified in a development plan. 121Appropriation of land forming part of common etc. (1)Any local authority may be authorised, by an order made by that authority and confirmed by the Secretary of State, to appropriate for any purpose for which that authority can be authorised to acquire land under any enactment any land for the time being held by them for other purposes, being land which is or forms part of a common, open space or fuel or field garden allotment (including any such land which is specially regulated by any enactment, whether public general or local or private), other than land which is Green Belt land within the meaning of the Green Belt (London and Home Counties) Act 1938. (2)Paragraph 11 of Schedule 1 to the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 (special provision with respect to compulsory purchase orders under that Act relating to land forming part of a common, open space or fuel or field garden allotment) shall apply to an order under this section authorising the appropriation of land as it applies to a compulsory purchase order under that Act. (3)Section 163 of the Local Government Act 1933 (general provisions as to the appropriation of land by local authorities) shall not apply to land which a local authority have power to appropriate under subsection (1) of this section. (4)Where land appropriated under this section was acquired under an enactment incorporating the Lands Clauses Acts, any works executed on the land after the appropriation has been effected shall, for the purposes of section 68 of the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act 1845 and section 10 of the Compulsory Purchase Act 1965 be deemed to have been authorised by the enactment under which the land was acquired. (5)On an appropriation of land by a local authority under this section, where— (a)the authority is not an authority to whom Part II of the Act of 1959 applies ; or (b)the land was immediately before the appropriation held by the authority for the purposes of a grant-aided function within the meaning of the Act of 1959, or is appropriated by the authority for the purposes of such a function,there shall be made in the accounts of the local authority such adjustments as the Secretary of State may direct. (6)On an appropriation under this section which does not fall within subsection (5) of this section, there shall be made such adjustment of accounts as is required by section 24(1) of the Act of 1959. Powers exercisable in relation to land held for planning purposes, and other related powers 122Appropriation of land held for planning purposes (1)Where any land has been acquired or appropriated by a local authority for planning purposes and is for the time being held by the authority for the purposes for which it was so acquired or appropriated, the authority (subject to the following provisions of this section) may appropriate the land for any purpose for which they are or may be authorised in any capacity to acquire land by virtue of or under any enactment not contained in this Part of this Act. (2)The consent of the Secretary of State shall be requisite to any appropriation under this section— (a)by an authority which is not an authority to whom Part II of the Act of 1959 applies; or (b)of land which, immediately before the appropriation, is land which consists or forms part of a common, or formerly consisted or formed part of a common, and is held or managed by a local authority in accordance with a local Act,and any such consent may be given either in respect of a particular appropriation or in respect of appropriations of any class, and may be given either subject to or free from any conditions or limitations. (3)For the purposes of subsection (2) of section 23 of the Act of 1959 (consent of Ministers to appropriations in certain cases) the power of appropriation conferred by subsection (1) of this section shall (except in respect of any exercise thereof in circumstances falling within subsection (2) of this section) be deemed to be a power in relation to which subsection (1) of that section has effect. (4)In relation to any appropriation under this section— (a)subsection (2) of section 163 of the Local Government Act 1933 (which relates to the operation of section 68 of the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act 1845 and section 10 of the Compulsory Purchase Act 1965); and (b)subsections (5) and (6) of section 121 of this Act,shall have effect as they have effect in relation to appropriations under those sections respectively. (5)In relation to any such land as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, this section shall have effect to the exclusion of the provisions of section 163(1) of the Local Government Act 1933. 123Disposal of land held for planning purposes (1)Where any land has been acquired or appropriated by a local authority for planning purposes, and is for the time being held by the authority for the purposes for which it was so acquired or appropriated, the authority may dispose of the land to such person, in such manner and subject to such conditions as may appear to them to be expedient in order to secure the best use of that or other land and any buildings or works which have been, or are to be, erected, constructed or carried out thereon, whether by themselves or by any other person, or to secure the erection, construction or carrying out thereon of any buildings or works appearing to them to be needed for the proper planning of the area of the authority. (2)The consent of the Secretary of State shall be requisite to any disposal under this section— (a)by an authority which is not an authority to whom Part II of the Act of 1959 applies; or (b)of land acquired or appropriated for planning purposes for a reason mentioned in section 112(1)(a) to (c) of this Act; or (c)of land which, immediately before the disposal, is land which consists or forms part of a common, or formerly consisted or formed part of a common, and is held or managed by a local authority in accordance with a local Act,and any such consent may be given either in respect of a particular disposal or in respect of disposals of any class, and may be given either subject to or free from any conditions or limitations. (3)For the purposes of subsections (2) and (3) of section 26 of the Act of 1959 (consent of Ministers to disposals in certain cases), any disposal of land under this section shall be deemed to be a disposal which, apart from that section, could not be effected except with the, consent of a Minister; and for the purposes of subsection (4) of that section (disposals for a price, consideration or rent less than the best reasonably obtainable) the power, of disposal conferred by subsection (1) of this section shall (except in respect of any exercise thereof in circumstances falling within subsection (2) of this section) be deemed to be a power in relation to which subsection (1) of that section has effect. (4)Subject to subsection (5) of this section, if it appears to the Secretary of State that it is expedient as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section that a local authority should dispose of land under this section to any person, and the authority have refused to dispose of it to him or are unable to reach agreement with him as to the manner in which, or the terms or conditions on or subject to which, it is to be disposed of to him, the Secretary of State may, after consultation with the authority and that person, require the authority to offer to dispose of it to him, and give directions as to the manner of the disposal and as to all or any of the terms or conditions on or subject to which it is to be offered to him. (5)A local authority shall not be required by any directions given under subsection (4) of this section (except to such extent as may appear to the Secretary of State to be requisite in any particular case for giving effect to subsection (7) of this section) to offer to dispose of land for a money consideration less than the best that can reasonably be obtained, having regard to the other terms and conditions on and subject to which the offer is to be made; and any difference as to what is the best consideration shall be referred to and determined by an arbitrator agreed between the Secretary of State and the authority, or, in default of such agreement, shall be referred to and determined by the Lands Tribunal. (6)In estimating the best consideration for the purposes of subsection (5) of this section, any amount which only a particular purchaser might be prepared to offer by reason of special needs of his shall be disregarded. (7)In relation to land acquired or appropriated for planning purposes for a reason mentioned in section 112(1)(a) to (c) of this Act the powers conferred by this section on a local authority, and on the Secretary of State in respect of the giving of consent to disposals under this section, shall be so exercised as to secure, so far as may be practicable, to persons who were living or carrying on business or other activities on any such land which the authority have acquired as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, who desire to obtain accommodation on such land, and who are willing to comply with any requirements of the authority as to the development and use of such land, an opportunity to obtain thereon accommodation suitable to their reasonable requirements, on terms settled with due regard to the price at which any such land has been acquired from them. In this subsection "development" includes redevelopment. (8)Subject to the provisions of section 27 of the Act of 1959 (which enables capital money in certain cases to be applied without the consent or approval of a Minister which would otherwise be required), section 166 of the Local Government Act 1933 (which relates to the application of capital money received from the disposal of land) shall have effect in relation to capital money received in respect of transactions under this section as it has effect in relation to capital money received in respect of such transactions as are mentioned in that section. (9)In relation to any such land as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, this section shall have effect to the exclusion of sections 164 and 165 of the Local Government Act 1933. 124Development of land held for planning purposes (1)The functions of a local authority shall include power for the authority, notwithstanding any limitation imposed by law on the capacity of the authority by virtue of its constitution, to erect, construct or carry out any building or work on any land to which this section applies, not being a building or work for the erection, construction or carrying out of which, whether by that local authority or by any other person, statutory power exists by virtue of, or could be conferred under, an alternative enactment. (2)This section applies to any land which has been acquired or appropriated by a local authority for planning purposes and is for the time being held by the authority for the purposes for which it was so acquired or appropriated. (3)The consent of the Secretary of State shall be requisite to any exercise by a local authority of the power conferred on them by subsection (1) of this section; and any such consent may be given either in respect of a particular operation or in respect of operations of any class, and either subject to or free from any conditions or limitations. (4)Where a local authority propose to carry out any operation which they would have power to carry out by virtue only of subsection (1) of this section, they shall notify the Secretary of State of their proposal, and the Secretary of State may direct such advertisement by the authority as appears to him to be requisite for the purposes of subsection (3) of this section. (5)The functions of a local authority shall include power for the authority, notwithstanding any such limitation as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, to repair, maintain and insure any buildings or works on land to which this section applies, and generally to deal therewith in a proper course of management. (6)A local authority may, with the consent of the Secretary of State, enter into arrangements with an authorised association for the carrying out by the association of any operation which, apart from the arrangements, the local authority would have power under this section to carry out, on such terms (including terms as to the making of payments or loans by the authority to the association) as may be specified in the arrangements:Provided that nothing in this section shall be construed as authorising such an association to carry out any operation which they would not have power to carry out apart from this subsection. (7)Nothing in this section shall be construed as authorising any act or omission on the part of a local authority which is actionable at the suit of any person on any grounds other than such a limitation as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section. (8)In this section " alternative enactment" means any enactment which is not contained in this Part of this Act, in section 2 or 14 of the Local Employment Act 1960, in section 2, 5 or 6 of the Local Authorities (Land) Act 1963, or in section 20 or 21(4) of the Industrial Development Act 1966; and " authorised association " means any society, company or body of persons approved by the Secretary of State whose objects include the promotion, formation or management of garden cities, garden suburbs or garden villages, and the erection, improvement or management of buildings for the working classes and others, and which does not trade for profit or whose constitution forbids the issue of any share or loan capital with interest or dividend exceeding the rate for the time being fixed by the Treasury. 125Special provisions as to features and buildings of architectural and historic interest (1)In the exercise of the powers of appropriation, disposal and development conferred by the provisions of sections 122, 123 and 124(1) of this Act, a local authority shall have regard to the desirability of preserving features of special architectural or historic interest, and in particular, listed buildings; and the Secretary of State shall not give his consent to the appropriation or disposal thereunder of any land comprising a listed building, or to the erection, construction or carrying out of any building or work on any such land, unless either— (a)the consent is given subject to such conditions or limitations as in the opinion of the Secretary of State will secure the preservation of the listed building; or (b)the Secretary of State, after giving the requisite notice of the application for his consent, is satisfied that the purpose which the local authority seek to achieve by the proposed exercise of their powers is one which ought in the public interest to be carried out, and that the carrying out of that purpose, whether by the use of the land in question or otherwise, either— (i)would be prevented by the preservation of the listed building; or (ii)would be so affected by the preservation thereof that, notwithstanding the desirability of preserving the building, it is inexpedient to do so. (2)For the purposes of subsection (1)(b) of this section the requisite notice of an application for the consent of the Secretary of State is a notice which— (a)contains such particulars of the appropriation, disposal or operation for which his consent is sought as appear to ham to be requisite; and (b)not less than twenty-eight days before he gives his decision on the application, is published in the London Gazette and, in each of two successive weeks, in one or more newspapers circulating in the locality in which the land is situated. (3)In this section " preservation ", in relation to a building, means the preservation thereof either in its existing state or subject only to such alterations or extensions as can be carried out without serious detriment to its character, and "development" includes redevelopment. (4)This section is without prejudice to the provisions of section 277(5) of this Act. 126Management etc. of listed buildings acquired by local authority or Secretary of State (1)Where a local authority acquire any building or other land under section 114(1) or 119(1)(b) of this Act, they may make such arrangements as to its management, use or disposal as they consider appropriate for the purpose of its preservation. (2)Where the Secretary of State acquires any building or other land under section 114(2) of this Act, subsection (3) of section 5 of the Historic Buildings and Ancient Monuments Act 1953 (management, custody and disposal), except so much of it as refers to subsection (4) of that section, shall apply in relation thereto as it applies in relation to property acquired under that section. 127Power to override easements and other rights (1)The erection, construction or carrying out, or maintenance, of any building or work on land which has been acquired or appropriated by a local authority for planning purposes, whether done by the local authority or by a person deriving title under them, is authorised by virtue of this section if it is done in accordance with planning permission, notwithstanding that it involves interference with an interest or right to which this section applies, or involves a breach of a restriction as to the user of land arising by virtue of a contract:Provided that nothing in this subsection shall authorise interference with any right of way or right of laying down, erecting, continuing or maintaining apparatus on, under or over land, being a right vested in or belonging to statutory undertakers for the purpose of the carrying on of their undertaking. (2)This section applies to the following interests and rights, that is to say, any easement, liberty, privilege, right or advantage annexed to land and adversely affecting other land, including any natural right to support. (3)In respect of any interference or breach in pursuance of subsection (1) of this section, compensation shall be payable under section 63 or 68 of the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act 1845 or under section 7 or 10 of the Compulsory Purchase Act 1965 to be assessed in the same manner and subject to the same rules as in the case of other compensation under those sections in respect of injurious affection where the compensation is to be estimated in connection with a purchase under those Acts or the injury arises from the execution of works on land acquired under those Acts. (4)Where a person deriving title under the local authority by whom the land in question was acquired or appropriated is liable to pay compensation by virtue of subsection (3) of this section, and fails to discharge that liability, the liability shall be enforceable against the local authority:Provided that nothing in this subsection shall be construed as affecting any agreement between the. local authority and any other person for indemnifying the local authority against any liability under this subsection. (5)Nothing in this section shall be construed as authorising any act or omission on the part of any person which is actionable at the suit of any person on any grounds other than such an interference or breach as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, 128Use and development of consecrated land and burial grounds (1)Any consecrated land, whether or not including a buildings which has been acquired by a Minister, a local authority or statutory undertakers under this Part of this Act or compulsorily under any other enactment, or which has been appropriated by a local authority for planning purpose, may, subject to the following provisions of this section— (a)in the case of land acquired by a Minister, be used in any manner by him or on his behalf for any purpose for which he acquired the land ; and " (b)in any other case, be used by any person in any manner in accordance with planning permission,notwithstanding any obligation or restriction imposed under ecclesiastical law or otherwise in respect of consecrated land : Provided that this subsection does not apply to land which consists or forms part of a burial ground. (2)Any use of consecrated land authorised by subsection (1) of this section, and the use of any land, not being consecrated land, acquired or appropriated as therein mentioned which at the time of acquisition or appropriation included a church or other building used or formerly used for religious worship or the site thereof, shall be subject to compliance with the prescribed requirements with respect to the removal and reinterment of any human remains, and the disposal of monuments and fixtures and furnishings; and, in the case of consecrated land, shall be subject to such provisions as may be prescribed for prohibiting or restricting the use of the land, either absolutely or until the prescribed consent has been obtained, so long as any church or other building used or formerly used for religious worship, or any part thereof, remains on the land. (3)Any regulations made for the purposes of subsection (2) of this section— (a)shall contain such provisions as appear to the Secretary of State to be requisite for securing that any use of land which is subject to compliance with the regulations shall, as nearly as may be, be subject to the like control as is imposed by law in the case of a similar use authorised by an enactment not contained in this Act or by a Measure, or as it would be proper to impose on a disposal of the land in question otherwise than in pursuance of an enactment or Measure; (b)shall contain requirements relating to the disposal of any such land as is mentioned in subsection (2) of this section such as appear to the Secretary of State requisite for securing that the provisions of that subsection shall be complied with in relation to the use of the land; and (c)may contain such incidental and consequential provisions (including provision as to the closing of registers) as appear to the Secretary of State to be expedient for the purposes of the regulations. (4)Any land consisting of a burial ground or part of a burial ground, which has been acquired or appropriated as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, may— (a)in the case of land acquired by a Minister, be used in any manner by him or on his behalf for any purpose for which he acquired the land; and (b)in any other case, be used by any person in any manner in accordance with planning permission,notwithstanding anything in any enactment relating to burial grounds or any obligation or restriction imposed under ecclesiastical law or otherwise in respect of burial grounds : Provided that this subsection shall not have effect in respect , of any land which has been used for the burial of the dead until the prescribed requirements with respect to the removal and reinterment of human remains, and the disposal of monuments, in or upon the land have been complied with. (5)Provision shall be made by any regulations made for the purposes of subsection (2) of this section and the proviso to subsection (4) of this section— (a)for requiring the persons in whom the land is vested to publish notice of their intention to carry out the removal and reinterment of any human remains or the disposal of any monuments; (b)for enabling the personal representatives or relatives of any deceased person themselves to undertake the removal and reinterment of the remains of the deceased, and the disposal of any monument commemorating the deceased, and for requiring the persons in whom the land is vested to defray the expenses of such removal, reinterment and disposal, not exceeding such amount as may be prescribed; (c)for requiring compliance with such reasonable conditions (if any) as may be imposed, in the case of consecrated land, by the bishop of the diocese, with respect to the manner of removal, and the place and manner of reinterment of any human remains, and the disposal of any monuments, and with any directions given in any case by the Secretary of State with respect to the removal and reinterment of any human remains. (6)Subject to the provisions of any such regulations, no faculty shall be required for the removal and reinterment in accordance with the regulations of any human remains, or for the removal or disposal of any monuments, and the provisions of section 25 of the Burial Act 1857 (prohibition of removal of human remains without the licence of the Secretary of State except in certain cases) shall not apply to a removal carried out in accordance with the regulations. (7)Nothing in this section shall be construed as authorising any act or omission on the part of any person which is actionable at the suit of any person on any grounds other than contravention of any such obligation, restriction or enactment as is mentioned in subsection (1) or subsection (4) of this section. (8)In this section " burial ground " includes any churchyard, cemetery or other ground, whether consecrated or not, which has at any time been set apart for the purposes of interment, and "monument" includes a tombstone or other memorial. Annotations: Modifications etc. (not altering text) C1 S. 128 applied (1.3.2007 coming into force in accordance with s.0208(4)) by National Health Service (Wales) Act 2006 (c. 42), s. 208(1), Sch. 3 para. 32 (with s. 19(3)) C2 S. 128 applied (1.3.2007) by National Health Service Act 2006 (c. 41), s. 277(1), Sch. 4 para. 32 129Use and development of land for open spaces (1)Any land being, or forming part of, a common, open space or fuel or field garden allotment, which has been acquired ' by a Minister, a local authority or statutory undertakers under this Part of this Act or compulsorily under any other enactment, or which has been appropriated by a local authority for planning purposes, may— (a)in the case of land acquired by a Minister, be used in any manner by him or on his behalf for any purpose for which he acquired the land; and (b)in any other case, be used by any person in any manner in accordance with planning permission,notwithstanding anything in any enactment relating to land of that kind, or in any enactment by which the land is specially regulated. (2)Nothing in this section shall be construed as authorising any act or omission on the part of any person which is actionable at the suit of any person on any grounds other than contravention of any such enactment as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section. 130Displacement of persons from land acquired or appropriated (1)Where any land has been acquired or appropriated for planning purposes and is for the time being held by a local authority for the purposes for which it was acquired or appropriated, and the carrying out of redevelopment on the land will involve the displacement of persons residing in premises thereon, it shall be the duty of the authority, in so far as there is no other residential accommodation suitable to the reasonable requirements of those persons available on reasonable terms, to secure the provision of such accommodation in advance of the displacements from time to time becoming necessary as the redevelopment proceeds. (2)Section 144 of the Housing Act 1957 (obligations as to the provision of housing accommodation where land is acquired under statutory powers) shall not have effect in relation to an acquisition by a local authority under section 112 of this Act. (3)If the Secretary of State certifies that possession of a house which has been acquired or appropriated by a local authority for planning purposes, and is for the time being held by the authority for the purposes for which it was acquired or appropriated, is immediately required for those purposes, nothing in the Rent Act 1968 shall prevent the acquiring or appropriating authority from obtaining possession of the house. (4)Where any land has been acquired by a Minister or a local authority under this Part of this Act, or has been appropriated by a local authority for planning purposes, that Minister or the local authority in question, as the case may be— (a)may pay to any person who is displaced in the carrying out of redevelopment on the land such reasonable allowance as he or they think fit towards his expenses in removing; and (b)may pay to a person carrying on any business in a building from which he is so displaced such reasonable allowance as he or they think fit towards the loss which, in his or their opinion, that person will sustain by reason of the disturbance to his business consequent on his having to quit the building. (5)In estimating loss for the purposes of paragraph (b) of subsection (4) of this section, the Minister or local authority in question shall have regard to the period for which the premises occupied by the person referred to in that paragraph might reasonably have been expected to be available for the purpose of that person's business, and to the availability of other premises suitable for that purpose. 131Constitution of joint body to hold land acquired for planning purposes (1)If it appears to the Secretary of State, after consultation with the local authorities concerned, to be expedient that any land acquired by a local authority for planning purposes should be held by a joint body, consisting of representatives of that authority and of any other local authority, he may by order provide for the establishment of such a joint body and for the transfer to that body of the land so acquired. (2)Any order under this section providing for the establishment of a joint body may make such provision as the Secretary of State considers expedient with respect to the constitution and functions of that body, including provisions— (a)for incorporating the joint body ; (b)for conferring on them, in relation to land transferred to them as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, any of the powers conferred on local authorities by this Part of this Act in relation to land acquired and held by such authorities for the purposes of this Part of this Act; (c)for determining the manner in which their expenses are to be defrayed. (3)Regulations under this Act may make such provision consequential upon or supplementary to the provisions of this section as appears to the Secretary of State to be necessary or expedient. Supplementary provisions 132Modification of incorporated enactments for purposes of Part VI (1)Where it is proposed that land should be acquired compulsorily under section 112 or 113 of this Act, and a compulsory purchase order relating to that land is submitted to the confirming authority in accordance with Part I of Schedule 1 to the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946, or, as the case may be, is made in draft by the Secretary of State for the Environment in accordance with Part II of that Schedule, the confirming authority or that Secretary of State, as the case may be, may disregard for the purposes of that Schedule any objection to the order or draft which, in the opinion of that authority or Secretary of State, amounts in substance to an objection to the provisions of the development plan defining the proposed use of that or any other land. (2)Where a compulsory purchase order authorising the acquisition of any land under section 112 of this Act is submitted to the Secretary of State in accordance with Part I of Schedule 1 to the said Act of 1946, then if the Secretary of State— (a)is satisfied that the order ought to be confirmed so far as it relates to part of the land comprised therein; but (b)has not for the time being determined whether it ought to be confirmed so far as it relates to any other such land,he may confirm the order so far as it relates to the land mentioned in paragraph (a) of this subsection, and give directions postponing consideration of the order, so far as it relates to any other land specified in the directions, until such time as may be so specified. (3)Where the Secretary of State gives directions under subsection (2) of this section, the notices required by paragraph 6 of Schedule 1 to the said Act of 1946 to be published and served shall include a statement of the effect of the directions. (4)In construing the Compulsory Purchase Act 1965 in relation to any of the provisions of this Part of this Act— (a)references to the execution of the works shall be construed as including references to any erection, construction or carrying out of buildings or works authorised by section 127 of this Act; (b)in relation to the erection, construction or carrying out of any buildings or works so authorised, references in section 10 of the said Act of 1965 to the acquiring authority shall be construed as references to the person by whom the buildings or works in question are erected, constructed or carried out; and (c)references to the execution of the works shall be construed as including also references to any erection, construction or carrying out of buildings or works on behalf of a Minister or statutory undertakers on land acquired by that Minister or those undertakers, where the buildings or works are erected, constructed or carried out for the purposes for which the land was acquired. 133Interpretation of Part VI (1)In this Part of this Act any reference to the acquisition of land for planning purposes is a reference to the acquisition thereof under section 112 or 119 of this Act or section 68 or 71 of the Act of 1962 and any reference to the appropriation of land for planning purposes is a reference to the appropriation thereof for purposes for which land can be or could have been acquired under those sections. (2)In relation to a local authority or body corporate, nothing in sections 127 to 129 of this Act shall be construed as authorising any act or omission on their part in contravention of any limitation imposed by law on their capacity by virtue of the constitution of the authority or body. (3)Any power conferred by section 128 or 129 of this Act to use land in a manner therein mentioned shall be construed as a power so to use the land, whether it involves the erection, construction or carrying out of any building or work, or the maintenance of any building or work, or not. Part VII Compensation for Planning Decisions Restricting New Development Unexpended balance of established development value 134Scope of Part VII (1)The provisions of this Part of this Act shall have effect for enabling compensation to be claimed in respect of planning decisions whereby permission for the carrying out of new development of land to which this section applies is refused or is granted subject to conditions. (2)This section applies to any land in respect of which planning permission is refused or is granted subject to conditions, by a planning decision if, at the time of the planning decision, that land, or part of that land, has an unexpended balance of established development value. (3)In accordance with the proviso to subsection (2) of section 32 of this Act, that subsection does not apply for the purposes of this Part of this Act. (4)In this Part of this Act " interest" (where the reference is to an interest in land) means the fee simple or a tenancy of the land, and does not include any other interest therein; and any reference to the local planning authority, in relation to a planning decision made on behalf of that authority by another authority, by virtue of the delegation of any functions of the local planning authority to that other authority, shall be construed as a reference to that other authority. 135Derivation of unexpended balance from claims under Part VI of Act of 1947 (1)In determining, for the purposes of this Part of this Act, whether land has an unexpended balance of established development value, regard shall be had to claims made, in pursuance of Part VI of the Act of 1947, for payments under the scheme provided for by section 58 of that Act (that is to say, the scheme which, but for the provisions - of section 2 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1953, would have fallen to be made under the said section 58, providing for payments in respect of interests in land depreciated in value by virtue of the provisions of the Act of 1947). (2)Where such a claim was made in respect of an interest in land, that claim shall for the purposes of this Part of this Act be taken to have been established in respect of that land under Part VI of the Act of 1947 if an amount was determined under the said Part VI as being the development value of the interest to which the claim related, and payment in respect of that interest would not have been excluded— (a)by section 63 of the Act of 1947 (which excluded claims where the development value was small in proportion to the area, or to the restricted value, of the land); or (b)by any of sections 82 to 85 of that Act (which related to certain land belonging to local authorities, development corporations and statutory undertakers, and to land held on charitable trusts); or (c)by section 84 of that Act as applied by regulations tinder section 90 of that Act (which related to the National Coal Board). (3)In this Part of this Act " established claim " means a claim which by virtue of subsection (2) of this section is to be taken to have been established as therein mentioned, and references to the establishment of a claim shall be construed accordingly; and " the claim area ", in relation to an established claim, means the land in respect of which the claim is by virtue of that subsection to be taken to have been established. (4)References in this Part of this Act to the benefit of an established claim— (a)in relation to any time before the passing of the Town and Country Planning Act 1953, whether before or after the making of the claim, or before or after the establishment thereof, shall be construed as references to the prospective right, under and subject to the provisions of the scheme referred to in subsection (1) of this section, to receive a payment in respect of the interest in land to which the claim related; and (b)in relation to any time after the passing of the said Act of 1953, shall be construed as references to such prospective right to the satisfaction of the claim as subsisted by virtue of section 2 of that Act immediately before 1st January 1955 (being the date of the commencement of the Act of 1954);and references to part of the benefit of an established claim shall be construed accordingly. (5)References in this Part of this Act to the amount of an established claim are references to the amount determined under Part VI of the Act of 1947 as being the development value of the interest in land to which the claim related. (6)In this section any reference to Part VI of the Act of 1947 includes a reference to the provisions of the said Part VI as modified by Schedule 1 to the Act of 1954. 136Original unexpended balance of established development value (1)In this Part of this Act "original unexpended balance of established development value in relation to any land, means the unexpended balance of established development value which that land had immediately after the time when, in accordance with section 138 of this Act, the adjustment of claim holdings is deemed to have been completed. (2)For the purposes of this Part of this Act land shall be taken to have had such a balance if, immediately after the time referred to in subsection (1) of this section— (a)there were subsisting one or more claim holdings whose area consisted of that land, or included that land together with other land; and (b)there was not subsisting any claim holding whose area consisted of part only of that land, whether with or without other land. (3)Where subsection (2) of this section applies, there shall be attributed to the land referred to in that subsection— (a)the value of any claim holding having an area consisting of that land ; and (b)such fraction of the value of any claim holding whose area included that land as attached to that land,and the original unexpended balance of established development value of that land shall be taken to have been an amount equal to eight-sevenths of the amount or aggregate amount so attributed. 137Claim holdings, their areas and values (1)Subject to the provisions of this section and of section 138 of this Act, in this Part of this Act— (a)"claim holding" means the benefit of an established claim, references to the area of a claim holding are references to the land which, in relation to the established claim constituting that holding, is the claim area, and references to the value of a claim holding are references to the amount of the established claim constituting that holding; and (b)references to the fraction of the value of a claim holding which attached to a part of the area of the holding are references to so much of the amount of the established claim of which that holding represents the benefit or part of the benefit (in this section referred to as " the relevant established claim ") as was properly attributable to that part of the area of the holding. (2)In the case of a claim holding where— (a)the area of the holding is the same as the claim area of the relevant established claim ; but (b)the value of the claim holding is, by virtue of the adjustment of claim holdings, less than the amount of the relevant established claim,the amount of any such fraction as is referred to in subsection (1)(b) of this section shall be treated as reduced proportionately. (3)In the case of a claim holding where— (a)the area of the holding consists of part only of the claim area of the relevant established claim ; and (b)the value of the holding is, by virtue of the adjustment of claim holdings, less or greater than so much of the amount of the relevant established claim as was properly attributable to the area of the holding,the amount of any such fraction as is referred to in subsection (1)(b) of this section shall be treated as reduced, or (as the case may be) increased, proportionately. (4)For the purposes of this section, the part of the amount of the relevant established claim which was properly attributable to any land forming part of the claim area shall be taken to have been so much of the amount of that claim as might reasonably be expected to have been attributed to that land if the authority determining that amount had been required to apportion it, in accordance with the same principles as applied to its determination, between that land and the residue of the claim area. 138Adjustment of claim holdings (1)The provisions of Schedule 15 to this Act shall have effect for the purposes of this Part of this Act; and any reference in this Part of this Act to the adjustment of claim holdings is a reference to the operation of those provisions. (2)For the purposes of this Part of this Act the adjustment of claim holdings shall be deemed to have been completed on 1st January 1955. 139General provision for continuance of original unexpended balance Where in accordance with section 136 of this Act land had an original unexpended balance of established development value, then, subject to the following provisions of this Part of this Act, that land shall be taken— (a)to have continued to have that balance until the commencement of this Act; and (b)to continue to have that balance at all times thereafter. 140Reduction or extinguishment of balance in consequence of compensation (1)Where at any time compensation becomes payable under this Part of this Act, or became payable under Part II of the Act of 1954 or Part VI of the Act of 1962, in respect of depreciation of the value of an interest in land by a planning decision, then, for the purpose of determining whether that land or any part thereof has or had an unexpended balance of established development value at any subsequent time, the amount of the compensation shall be deducted from the original unexpended balance of established development value of that land, and the original unexpended balance of that land or that part thereof shall be treated as having been reduced or extinguished accordingly immediately before that subsequent time. (2)Subsection (1) of this section shall have effect subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act relating to the recovery of compensation on subsequent development. 141Reduction or extinguishment of balance on initiation of new development (1)Where in accordance with section 136 of this Act land had an original unexpended balance of established development value, and at any time on or after the appointed day (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) any new development of that land is or was initiated, then (subject to the following provisions of this section) for the purpose of determining whether that land or any part thereof has or had an unexpended balance of established development value at any subsequent time— (a)if the development relates or related only to that land, the value of that development (ascertained, with reference to that subsequent time, in accordance with the provisions of Schedule 16 to this Act); or (b)if the development relates or related to that land together with other land, so much of the value of that development (so ascertained) as is or was attributable to that land,shall be deducted from the original unexpended balance of established development value of that land, and the original unexpended balance of that land or that part thereof shall be treated as having been reduced or extinguished accordingly immediately before that subsequent time. (2)Subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to any land if, in respect of any interest therein, a payment has become or becomes payable under section 59 of the Act of 1947 (which provided for payments in respect of certain war-damaged land). (3)For the purposes of subsection (1) of this section no account shall be taken of any development initiated before 1st January 1955, if— (a)a development charge under Part VII of the Act of 1947 was determined to be payable in respect thereof, or would have fallen to be so determined but for any exemption conferred by regulations under that Part of that Act, or by any provisions of Part VIII of that Act; or (b)in a certificate issued under section 58 of the Act of 1954 (which related to monopoly value of licensed premises) it was certified that a development charge could have been determined to be payable in respect of that development if the circumstances referred to in subsection (1)(a) or (b) of that section had not existed. 142Reduction or extinguishment of balance on acquisition of land under compulsory powers (1)Where in the case of— (a)a compulsory acquisition to which this section applies; or (b)a sale of an interest in land by agreement in circumstances corresponding to such an acquisition,any of the land in which the interest acquired or sold subsists or subsisted has or had an unexpended balance of established development value immediately before the relevant date (in this section referred to as " the relevant balance ") the following provisions of this section shall have effect for the purpose of determining whether that land or any part thereof has or had an unexpended balance of established development value at any subsequent time. (2)This section applies— (a)to every compulsory acquisition of an interest in land in pursuance of a notice to treat served on or after 30th October 1958, whether before or after the commencement of this Act; and (b)to every compulsory acquisition of an interest in land, in pursuance of a notice to treat served on or after 1st January 1955 but before the said 30th October, by an authority possessing compulsory purchase powers, being at that time a government department or local or public authority within the meaning of the Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act 1919, or a person or body of persons to whom that Act applied as it applied to such a department or authority. (3)Unless, immediately after the acquisition or sale, there is or was outstanding some interest (other than an excepted interest) in the land to which some person other than the acquiring authority is or was entitled, the original unexpended balance of established development value of that land shall be treated as having been extinguished immediately before the subsequent time referred to in subsection (1) of this section. (4)If, immediately after the acquisition or sale, there is or was such an outstanding interest (other than an excepted interest) as is mentioned in subsection (3) of this section, there shall be deducted from the said original balance an amount equal to any part of the relevant balance which is or was not attributable to any such outstanding interest, and the original unexpended balance of established development value of the land or the part thereof in question shall be treated as having been reduced or extinguished accordingly immediately before that subsequent time. (5)For the purposes of this section any question as to the portion of the relevant balance which is or was attributable to an interest in land— (a)in relation to a compulsory acquisition to which this section applies, shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Schedule 17 to this Act; and (b)in relation to a sale of an interest in land by agreement in circumstances corresponding to such an acquisition, shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of that Schedule as those provisions would apply if the sale had been a compulsory acquisition in pursuance of a notice to treat served on the relevant date. (6)Any reference in this section or in section 143 of this Act to a sale of an interest in land by agreement in circumstances corresponding to a compulsory acquisition to which this section applies is a reference to a sale thereof— (a)to an authority possessing compulsory purchase powers, in pursuance of a contract made on or after 30th October 1958, whether before or after the commencement of this Act; or (b)to such an authority possessing compulsory purchase powers as is mentioned in subsection (2) (b) of this section, in pursuance of a contract made on or after 1st January 1955 but before the said 30th October. (7)In this section " the relevant date" means the date of service of the notice to treat or the date of the contract in pursuance of which the interest was sold, as the case may be, and " excepted interest" means the interest of any such person as is mentioned in section 20(1) of the Compulsory Purchase Act 1965 (which relates to persons having no greater interest than as tenant for a year or from year to year). 143Reduction or extinguishment of balance in consequence of severance or injurious affection (1)Where in connection with— (a)a compulsory acquisition to which section 142 of this Act applies; or (b)a sale of an interest in land by agreement in circumstances corresponding to such an acquisition,compensation is or was payable, or an amount is or was included in the purchase price, in respect of an interest in land other than the relevant land (in this section referred to as " the interest affected "), for damage sustained by reason that the relevant land is or was severed from other land held therewith, or that any other land (whether held with the relevant land or not) is or was injuriously affected, then (subject to the following provisions of this section) for the purpose of determining whether that other land or any part thereof has or had an unexpended balance of established development value at any subsequent time, there shall be deducted from the original unexpended balance of established development value of that other land an amount calculated in accordance with the following provisions of this section, and the original unexpended balance of that land, or of the part thereof in question, as the case may be, shall be treated as having been reduced or extinguished accordingly immediately before that subsequent time. (2)In the case of an acquisition or sale in pursuance of a notice to treat served, or contract made, on or after 30th October 1958, the amount to be deducted, as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, shall be the amount (if any) by which the compensation payable, or amount included in the purchase price, as therein mentioned exceeds or exceeded the compensation which would have been so payable, or the amount which would have been so included, if the extent of the damage sustained in respect of the other land in question had fallen to be ascertained on the assumption that planning permission would not be granted for any new development of that land, but would be granted for any development thereof other than new development. (3)The following provisions of this section shall have effect with respect to any such acquisition or sale as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, being an acquisition or sale in pursuance of a notice to treat served, or contract made, before 30th October 1958 ; and any such acquisition or sale is hereinafter referred to as an acquisition or sale to which this subsection applies. (4)No such deduction as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section shall be made in the case of an acquisition or sale to which subsection (3) of this section applies unless— (a)where it was a compulsory acquisition, an amount was paid by way of compensation as mentioned in the said subsection (1); (b)the amount which was so paid, or, in the case of a sale by agreement, was included in the purchase price as mentioned in the said subsection (1) (hereafter in this section referred to as " the sum paid for severance or injurious affection") exceeded the loss of immediate value of the interest affected; and (c)where it was a sale by agreement, the other land in question was held with the relevant land. (5)Subject to subsection (4) of this section, the amount to be deducted as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, in the case of an acquisition or sale to which subsection (3) of this section applies, shall be the amount by which the sum paid for severance or injurious affection exceeded the loss of immediate value of the interest affected. (6)The following provisions of this subsection shall have effect, in the case of an acquisition or sale to which subsection (3) of this section applies, where so much (if any) of the sum paid for severance or injurious affection as was attributable to the loss of immediate value of the interest affected was less than the depreciation in restricted value of that interest, that is to say— (a)the amount of the difference shall be ascertained; and (b)for the purpose of determining whether, at any time after the acquisition or sale, the land in which the interest affected subsisted or any part thereof had or has an unexpended balance of established development value (whether or not that land or any part thereof would apart from this subsection have had an original unexpended balance of established development value a claim holding with an area consisting of that land and a value equal to seven-eighths of the amount of the difference shall be deemed to have subsisted immediately after the time when the adjustment of claim holdings was completed. (7)In this section— " the loss of immediate value " means the amount (if any) by which the difference in the value of the interest affected, immediately before and immediately after the acquisition or sale, exceeded the loss of development value; " the loss of development value " means the amount (if any) by which the value of the interest affected immediately before the acquisition or sale, if calculated on the assumption that, until such time as the land in which that interest subsisted might reasonably be expected to become ripe for new development, no use whatever could be made of that land, would have exceeded the value of that interest immediately after the acquisition or sale if calculated on the like assumption; " the depreciation in restricted value" means the amount (if any) by which the value of the interest affected, immediately after the acquisition or sale, would have been less than the value of that interest immediately before the acquisition or sale, if both values were calculated on the assumption that planning permission would not be granted for any new development of that land, but would be granted for any development thereof other than new development; " the relevant land ", in relation to an acquisition or sale, means the land in which the interest acquired or sold subsisted. 144Supplementary provisions as to deductions from original balance (1)Where, immediately after the time when the adjustment of claim holdings was completed, any land taken as a whole had an original unexpended balance of established development value, and at any time thereafter (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) an act or event occurs or has occurred in relation to part of that land such that, in accordance with any of the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act, an amount is required to be deducted from the original unexpended balance of that part of that land for the purpose of determining whether it has or had an unexpended balance of established development value at any subsequent time, then (without prejudice to the operation of any of the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act with respect to any part of the land taken separately) the land taken as a whole shall be treated as not having (or as not having had) any such balance at that subsequent time. (2)Where in accordance with any of the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act an amount is required to be deducted from the original unexpended balance of established development value of any land, there shall be attributed to the various parts of that land so much of that amount as might reasonably be expected to have been attributed thereto if the authority determining the amount had been required to apportion it between those parts in accordance with the same principles as applied to its determination. (3)Where two or more acts or events occur or have occurred in relation to the same land (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) such that, in accordance with any of the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act, an amount is required to be deducted from the original unexpended balance of established development value of that land or any part thereof, those provisions shall apply cumulatively, and the requisite deduction from the original unexpended balance of established development value of that land shall be made by reference to each of those acts or events. 145Provision of information relating to unexpended balance (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, the Secretary of State shall, on application being made to him by any person, and may if he thinks fit without any such application, issue a certificate in the prescribed form with respect to any land stating whether any of that land had an original unexpended balance of established development value, and, if so— (a)giving a general statement of what was taken by the Central Land Board, for the purposes of Part VI of the Act of 1947, to be the state of that land on the appointed day; and (b)specifying (subject to any outstanding claims under Part I or Part V of the Act of 1954) the amount of that original balance. (2)Any such certificate issued with respect to any land may, if the Secretary of State thinks fit, contain additional information with respect to acts or events in consequence of which, in accordance with any of the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act, an amount is required to be deducted from the original unexpended balance of established development value of any of that land (3)Where, at any time on or after 1st January 1955 (whether before or after the commencement of this Act), a notice to treat has been served with a view to the compulsory acquisition of an interest in land by an authority possessing compulsory purchase powers, that authority may apply to the Secretary of State for, and shall be entitled to the issue of, a certificate showing the unexpended balance of established development value (if any) of any of that land immediately before the service of that notice. (4)Where the issue of a certificate under this section with respect to any land involves a new apportionment, or, in the case of a certificate under subsection (3) of this section, involves the calculation of a deduction from the original unexpended balance of established development value by virtue of section 141 of this Act, then— (a)except in the case of a certificate under subsection (3) of this section, or of a certificate which the Secretary of State proposes to issue without any application being made for it, the certificate shall not be issued otherwise than on the application of a person who is for the time being entitled to an interest in that land; (b)before issuing the certificate, the Secretary of State shall give notice in writing to any person entitled to an interest in land appearing to him to be an interest which will be substantially affected by the apportionment or calculation, giving particulars of the proposed apportionment or calculation, and stating that objections or other representations with respect thereto may be made to the Secretary of State within the period of thirty days from the date of the notice; and (c)the certificate shall not be issued before the end of that period, and if within that period an objection to the proposed apportionment or calculation has been made by any person to whom notice has been given under paragraph (b) of this subsection, or by any other person who establishes that he is entitled to an interest in land which is substantially affected by the apportionment or calculation, and that objection has not been withdrawn, subsection (5) of this section shall have effect. (5)Where by virtue of subsection (4)(c) or this section this subsection is to have effect, then— (a)if within a further period of thirty days the person by whom any such objection was made requires the dispute to be referred to the Lands Tribunal, the dispute shall be so referred, and the certificate shall not be issued until either the Tribunal has decided the matter or the reference to the Tribunal has been withdrawn ; (b)the certificate may be issued before the end of the said further period if every such objection has been withdrawn; (c)the certificate shall be issued at the end of that further period, notwithstanding that every such objection has not been withdrawn, if no requirement has within that period been made under paragraph (a) of this subsection. (6)Where, on a reference to the Lands Tribunal under this section, it is shown that a new apportionment relates partly to the same matters as a previous apportionment, and is consistent with that previous apportionment in so far as it relates to those matters, the Tribunal shall not vary the new apportionment in such a way as to be inconsistent with the previous apportionment in so far as it relates to those matters. (7)A certificate under subsection (3) of this section shall be conclusive evidence of the unexpended balance shown therein ; and a certificate under subsection (1) of this section shall be sufficient proof of any facts stated therein unless the contrary is shown. (8)An application for a certificate under this section shall be made in such form and manner as may be prescribed, and shall be accompanied by sufficient particulars, including a map if necessary, to enable the land to be identified, and, where a new apportionment will be involved, particulars of the nature of the applicant's interest, and such information as to the nature of any other interest in the land, and as to the name and address of the person entitled to that other interest, as may be known to the applicant. (9)On any application under subsection (1) of this section the applicant shall pay in the prescribed manner a fee of twenty-five new pence, and, if the application involves a new apportionment, the certificate shall not be issued until the applicant has paid in the prescribed manner a further fee of seventy-five new pence. (10)In this section "new apportionment "means an apportionment which relates wholly or partly to any matter to which no previous apportionment related. Right to compensation 146General provision as to right to compensation Subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act, a person shall be entitled to compensation under this Part of this Act in respect of a planning decision whereby planning permission for the carrying out of new development of land is refused, or is granted subject to conditions, if— (a)at the time of the decision he is entitled to an interest in any land to which the decision relates which has an unexpended balance of established development value; and (b)the value of that interest, or, in the case of an interest extending to other land, the value of that interest in so far as it subsists in such land as is referred to in the preceding paragraph, is depreciated by the decision. 147Planning decisions not ranking for compensation (1)Compensation under this Part of this Act shall not be payable— (a)in respect of the refusal of planning permission for any development which consists of or includes the making of any material change in the use of any buildings or other land; or (b)in respect of any decision made on an application in pursuance of regulations under section 63 of this Act for consent to the display of advertisements. (2)Compensation under this Part of this Act shall not be payable in respect of the imposition, on the granting of planning permission to develop land, of any condition relating to— (a)the number or disposition of buildings on any land; (b)the dimensions, design, structure or external appearance of any building, or the materials to be used in its construction; (c)the manner in which any land is to be laid out for the purposes of the development, including the provision of facilities for the parking, loading, unloading or fuelling of vehicles on the land; (d)the use of any buildings or other land; or (e)the location or design of any means of access to a high way, or the materials to be used in the construction of any such means of access,or in respect of any condition subject to which permission is granted for the winning and working of minerals. In this subsection " means of access to a highway " does not include a service road. (3)Compensation under this Part of this Act shall not be payable in respect of the application to any planning permission of any of the conditions referred to in sections 41 and 42 of this Act or in respect of the imposition of any condition to which section 71 or 82 of this Act applies. (4)Compensation under this Part of this Act shall not be payable in respect of the application to any planning permission if the reason or one of the reasons stated for the refusal is that development of the kind proposed would be premature by reference to either or both of the following matters, that is to say— (a)the order of priority (if any) indicated in the development plan for the area in which the land is situated for development in that area ; (b)any existing deficiency in the provision of water supplies or sewerage services, and the period within which any such deficiency may reasonably be expected to be made good:Provided that this subsection shall not apply if the planning decision refusing the permission is made on an application made more than seven years after the date of a previous planning decision whereby permission to develop the same land was refused for the same reason, or for reasons which included the same reason. (5)Compensation under this Part of this Act shall not be payable in respect of the refusal of permission to develop land, if the reason or one of the reasons stated for the refusal is that the land is unsuitable for the proposed development on account of its liability to flooding or to subsidence. (6)For the purposes of this section, a planning decision whereby permission to develop land is granted subject to a condition prohibiting development on a specified part of that land shall be treated as a decision refusing the permission with respect to that part of the land. 148No compensation if certain other development permitted (1)Compensation under this Part of this Act shall not be payable in respect of a planning decision whereby permission is refused for the development of land if, notwithstanding that refusal, there is available with respect to that land planning permission for development to which this section applies:Provided that, where such permission is available with respect to part only of the land, this section shall have effect only in so far as the interest subsists in that part. (2)Where a claim for compensation under this Part of this Act is made in respect of an interest in any land, planning permission for development to which this section applies shall be taken for the purposes of this section to be available with respect to that land or a part thereof if, immediately before the Secretary of State gives notice of his findings in respect of that claim, there is in force with respect to that land, or that part thereof, a grant of, or an undertaking by the Secretary of State to grant, planning permission for some such development, subject to no conditions other than such as are mentioned in section 147(2) of this Act. (3)This section applies to any development of a residential, commercial or industrial character, being development which consists wholly or mainly of the construction of houses, flats, shop or office premises, or industrial buildings (including warehouses), or any combination thereof. 149Further exclusions from compensation (1)Where an interest in any land has (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) been compulsorily acquired by, or sold to, an authority possessing compulsory purchase powers (not being statutory undertakers or the National Coal Board), that authority, and any person deriving title from that authority under a disposition made by that authority on or at any time after the appointed day, shall not be entitled to compensation under this Part of this Act in respect of a planning decision made after the service of the notice to treat, or after the making of the contract of sale, as the case may be, by reason that the value of that interest, or of any interest created (whether immediately or derivatively) out of that interest, is depreciated by the decision. (2)Subsection (1) of this section shall apply to land which has at any time on or after the appointed day (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) been appropriated by a local authority for a purpose for which the authority could have been authorised to acquire the land compulsorily, as it applies to land in which an interest has been acquired as mentioned in that subsection, with the substitution, for the reference to the service of the notice to treat, of a reference to the appropriation. (3)Where at the relevant date any land was or is operational land of statutory undertakers, or land of the National Coal Board of a class specified in regulations made under section 90 of the Act of 1947'or under section 273 of this Act, the statutory undertakers or the National Coal Board, as the case may be, and any person deriving title from those undertakers or that Board, shall not be entitled to compensation under this Part of this Act, in respect of a planning decision made after the relevant date, by reason that the value of any interest in that land is depreciated by that decision. In this subsection " the relevant date ", in relation to land which was such operational land or land of the National Coal Board as is mentioned in this subsection on 1st January 1955, means that day, and, in relation to land which (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) became or becomes such operational land or land of the National Coal Board on a date subsequent to the said 1st January, means that subsequent date. (4)A person shall not be entitled to compensation under this Part of this Act in respect of depreciation of the value of an interest in land by a planning decision if he is entitled to compensation by virtue of section 165 of this Act in respect of depreciation of the value of that interest by that decision. 150Grant of planning permission treated as subject to notional condition (1)The provisions of this section shall have effect where— (a)on an application for planning permission for the carrying out of new development of land, a planning decision is made whereby the permission is granted, whether unconditionally or subject to conditions ; and (b)the Secretary of State certifies that he is satisfied that particular buildings or works to which the application related were only included therein because the applicant had reason to believe that permission for the other development to which the application related (in this section referred to as " the principal development") would not have been granted except subject to a condition requiring the erection or construction of those buildings or works. (2)Where subsection (1) of this section applies, then for the purposes of this Part of this Act— (a)the application shall be deemed to have included, in place of those buildings or works, such other development of title land on which the buildings or works were to be erected or constructed as might reasonably have been expected to have been included having regard to the principal development; and (b)the permission shall be deemed to have been granted for the principal development subject to a condition requiring the erection or construction of those buildings or works. 151Notice under s.72 treated as planning decision Where a notice under section 72(1) of this Act is served in respect of the whole or part of any land, the provisions of this Part of this Act shall have effect as if the application, in consequence of which the notice is served, had been an effective application for planning permission, and as if the notice had been a planning decision of the local planning authority refusing that permission in respect of that land or that part thereof, as the case may be. Measure of compensation 152General provisions as to amount of compensation (1)Where a person is entitled to compensation under this Part of this Act in respect of depreciation by a planning decision of the value of an interest in land, the amount of the compensation, subject to the following provisions of this section, shall be whichever is the lesser of the following amounts, that is to say— (a)the amount by which the value of that interest (if it is an interest subsisting only in land to which this section applies), or (if it is an interest extending to other land) the amount by which the value of the interest in so far as it subsists in land to which this section applies, is depreciated by the decision ; and (b)the amount of the unexpended balance of established development value, immediately before the decision, of so much of the land in which the interest subsists as is land to which this section applies. (2)Land to which this section applies, in relation to a planning decision, is land which— (a)constitutes or forms part of the decision area; and (b)at the time of the decision has an unexpended balance of established development value. (3)If, in the case of any land to which this section applies, compensation is payable under this Part of this Act in respect of two or more interests in that land by reason of the same planning decision, and the aggregate amount of compensation payable apart from this subsection in respect of those interests would exceed the amount mentioned in paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of this section, the amount mentioned in that paragraph shall be allocated between those interests in proportion to the depreciation of the value of each of them respectively, and the amount of the compensation payable in respect of any of those interests shall be the sum so allocated to that interest. (4)Where the land constituting the decision area, taken as a whole, does not satisfy both of the following conditions, that is to say— (a)that at the time of the decision it has an unexpended balance of established development value; and (b)that every interest subsisting therein, the value of which is depreciated by the decision, subsists in the whole of that land,the provisions of subsection (5) of this section shall have effect for the purpose of assessing the compensation payable under this Part of this Act in respect of any interest subsisting in that land or any part thereof. (5)Where this subsection applies in relation to an interest in land— (a)the depreciation of the value of the interest by the planning decision shall first be ascertained with reference to the whole of the land which constitutes or forms part of the decision area and is land in which that interest subsists; (b)the land referred to in paragraph (a) of this subsection shall then be treated as divided into as many parts as may be requisite to ensure that each such part consists of land which either satisfies both of the conditions mentioned in subsection (4) of this section or is not land which, at the time of the decision, has an unexpended balance of established development value; and (c)the depreciation of the value of the interest, ascertained in accordance with paragraph (a) of this subsection, shall then be apportioned between those parts, according to the nature of those parts and the effect of the planning decision in relation to each of them,and the amount of the compensation shall be the aggregate of the amounts which would be payable by virtue of the preceding provisions of this section if the planning decision had been made separately with respect to each of those parts. (6)In this section " the decision area " in relation to a planning decision means the aggregate of the land to which the decision relates. 153Assessment of depreciation (1)For the purposes of this Part of this Act, the value of an interest in land, or of an interest in so far as it subsists in particular land, shall be taken to be depreciated by a planning decision (in this section referred to as "the relevant decision") if, and to the extent to which, that value, calculated in accordance with the following provisions of this section, falls short of what that value, so calculated, would have been if the relevant decision had been a decision to the contrary effect. (2)Subject to the following provisions of this section, any such value shall for the purposes of this section be calculated— (a)as at the time of the relevant decision; but (b)as affected by that decision, by any grant of planning permission made after that decision and in force immediately before the Secretary of State gives notice of his findings on the claim for compensation in respect of that decision, and by any undertaking to grant planning permission so in force; and (c)on the assumption that, after the relevant decision, and apart from any such permission or undertaking as is mentioned in paragraph (b) of this subsection, planning permission would not be granted for any new development of the land in question, but would be granted for any development thereof other than new development. (3)If in consequence of another planning decision or of an order, being a decision or order made— (a)before the relevant decision; and (b)either in respect of the whole or part of the land to which the relevant decision relates, or in respect of land which includes the whole or part of that land,compensation to which this subsection applies has become or becomes payable in respect of that other planning decision or that order, the calculation to be made under this section shall be made as if that other planning decision had been a decision to the contrary effect, or that order had not been made, as the case may be. (4)Subsection (3) of this section applies— (a)to any compensation payable under this Part of this Act, or under Part II or Part V of the Act of 1954 or Part VI of the Act of 1962 ; and (b)to so much of any compensation payable under section 164 of this Act or section 118 of the Act of 1962, or under the provisions of those sections as applied by section 165 of this Act or section 119 of the Act of 1962 respectively, and so much of any compensation to which Part IV of the Act of 1954 applied, as is or was payable in respect of loss or damage consisting of depreciation of the value of an interest in land. (5)In this section " a decision to the contrary effect "— (a)in relation to a decision refusing permission, means a decision granting the permission subject to such condition (if any) of a description falling within subsection (2) of section 147 of this Act as the authority making the decision might reasonably have been expected to impose if the permission had not been refused; and (b)in relation to a decision granting the permission subject to conditions, means a decision granting the permission applied for subject only to such of those conditions (if any) as fell within subsection (2) of that section. Claims for, and payment of, compensation 154General provisions as to claims for compensation (1)Compensation under this Part of this Act shall not be payable unless a claim for it is duly made in accordance with the provisions of this section. (2)A claim for compensation under this Part of this Act shall not have effect unless it is made before the end of the period of six months beginning with the date of the planning decision to which it relates:Provided that the Secretary of State may in any particular case (either before, on or after the date on which the time for claiming would otherwise have expired) allow an extended, or further extended, period for making such a claim. (3)Regulations made under this section may— (a)require claims for compensation under this Part of this Act to be made in a form prescribed by the regulations; (b)require a claimant to provide such evidence in support of the claim, and such information as to the interest of the claimant in the land to which the claim relates, and as to the interests of other persons therein which are known to the claimant, as may be so prescribed. (4)Any claim for such compensation in respect of a planning decision shall be sent to the local planning authority; and it shall be the duty of that authority, as soon as may be after receipt of a claim, to transmit the claim to the Secretary of State, and to furnish the Secretary of State with— (a)any evidence or other information provided by the claimant in accordance with regulations made under this section; and (b)such other information (if any) as may be required by or under regulations made under this section, being information appearing to the Secretary of State to be relevant to the exercise of his powers under the provisions of Part III of this Act relating to the review of planning decisions where compensation is claimed. (5)Where a claim is transmitted to the Secretary of State under subsection (4) of this section— (a)if it appears to the Secretary of State that the development to which the planning decision related was not new development, or that at the time of the planning decision no part of the land to which the claim relates had an unexpended balance of established development value, or that compensation is excluded by section 147 or 148 of this Act, the Secretary of State shall notify the claimant accordingly, stating on which of those grounds it appears to him that compensation is not payable, and inviting the claimant to withdraw the claim; (b)unless the claim is withdrawn, the Secretary of State shall give notice of the claim to every other person (if any) appearing to him to have an interest in the land to which the planning decision related. 155Effect on claims of direction under s.38 (1)Where, in accordance with section 39(3) of this Act, the Secretary of State gives notice of a direction under section 38 of this Act to a person who has made a claim for compensation in respect of the planning decision to which that direction relates, that person, if he does not withdraw the claim, may, at any time within thirty days after the service on him of the Secretary of State's notice, give notice to the Secretary of State modifying the claim. (2)Subject to any modification by virtue of a notice given by a claimant under subsection (1) of this section, where the Secretary of State gives a direction under section 38 of this Act in respect of a decision of a local planning authority, any claim made in respect of that decision shall have effect as if it had been made in respect of the decision which, by virtue of the direction, is substituted for the decision of the authority, or, as the case may be, as if it had been made in respect of the decision of the authority as modified by the direction. 156Determination of claims (1)Provision shall be made by regulations under this section— (a)for requiring claims for compensation under this Part of this Act to be determined by the Secretary of State in such manner as may be prescribed by the regulations; (b)for regulating the practice and procedure to be followed in connection with the determination of such claims; (c)for requiring the Secretary of State, on determining any such claim, to give notice of his findings to the claimant, and to every other person (if any) who has made a claim for compensation under this Part of this Act in respect of the same planning decision, and, if his findings include an apportionment, to give particulars of the apportionment to any other person entitled to an interest in land appearing to the Secretary of State to be an interest substantially affected by the apportionment. (2)Subject to subsection (3) of this section, provision shall be made by regulations under this section— (a)for enabling the claimant or any other person to whom notice of the Secretary of State's findings has been given in accordance with subsection (1) of this section, if he wishes to dispute the findings, and any other person to whom particulars of an apportionment included in those findings have been so given, or who establishes that he is entitled to an interest in land which is substantially affected by such an apportionment, if he wishes to dispute the apportionment, to require the findings, or, as the case may be, the apportionment, to be referred to the Lands Tribunal; (b)for enabling the claimant and every other person to whom notice of any findings or apportionment has been given as mentioned in paragraph (a) of this subsection to be heard by the Tribunal on any reference under this section of those findings or of that apportionment, as the case may be; and (c)for requiring the Tribunal, on any such reference, either to confirm or to vary the Secretary of State's findings or the apportionment, as the case may be, and to notify the parties of the decision of the Tribunal. (3)Where on a reference to the Lands Tribunal under this section it is shown that an apportionment relates wholly or partly to the same matters as a previous apportionment, and is consistent with that previous apportionment in so far as it relates to those matters, the Tribunal shall not vary the apportionment in such a way as to be inconsistent with the previous apportionment in so far as it relates to those matters. 157Payment of compensation Where compensation is determined under section 156 of this Act to be payable, the Secretary of State shall pay the compensation to the person entitled thereto in accordance with the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act. Subsequent recovery of compensation 158Apportionment and registration of compensation (1)Where, on a claim for compensation under this Part o£ this Act in respect of a planning decision, the Secretary of State determines that compensation is payable and that the amount of the compensation exceeds £20, the Secretary of State shall (if it appears to him to be practicable to do so) apportion the amount of the compensation between different parts of the land to which the claim for compensation relates, and shall include particulars of the apportionment in the notice of his findings under section 156 of this Act. (2)In carrying out an apportionment under subsection (1) of this section the Secretary of State shall divide the land into parts, and shall distribute the compensation between those parts, according to the way in which the different parts of the land appear to him to be differently affected by the planning decision, (3)On a reference to the Lands Tribunal under section 156 of this Act, unless the decision of the Tribunal will not affect the amount of the compensation or any apportionment thereof by the Secretary of State, the preceding provisions of this section shall apply with the substitution, for references to the Secretary of State, of references to the Lands Tribunal. (4)Where, on a claim for compensation under this Part of this Act in respect of a planning decision, compensation has become payable of an amount exceeding £20, the Secretary of State shall cause notice of that fact, specifying the planning decision and the land to which the claim for compensation relates, and the amount of the compensation and any apportionment thereof under this section, to be deposited with the council of the county borough, London borough or county district in which the land is situated, and, if that council is not the local planning authority, with the local planning authority. (5)Notices deposited under this section shall be registered in the register of local land charges in such manner as may be prescribed by rules made for the purposes of this section under section 15(6) of the Land Charges Act 1925 by the proper officer of the council of the county borough, London borough or county district. (6)In relation to compensation specified in a notice registered under this section, references in this Part of this Act to so much of the compensation as is attributable to a part of the land to which the notice relates shall be construed in accordance with the following provisions, that is to say— (a)if the notice does not include an apportionment under the preceding provisions of this section, the amount of the compensation shall be treated as distributed rateably according to area over the land to which the notice relates; (b)if the notice includes such an apportionment, the compensation shall be treated as distributed in accordance with that apportionment as between the different parts of the land by reference to which the apportionment is made; and so much of the compensation as, in accordance with the apportionment, is attributed to a part of the land shall be treated as distributed rateably according to area over that part of the land. 159Recovery of compensation on subsequent development (1)No person shall carry out any new development to which this section applies, on land in respect of which a notice (hereafter in this Part of this Act referred to as a " compensation notice") is registered under section 158 of this Act, until such amount (if any) as is recoverable under this section in respect of the compensation specified in the notice has been paid or secured to the satisfaction of the Secretary of State. (2)Subject to the following provisions of this section, this section applies to any new development— (a)which is development of a residential, commercial or industrial character and consists wholly or mainly of the construction of houses, flats, shop or office premises, or industrial buildings (including warehouses), or any combination thereof; or (b)which consists in the winning and working of minerals ; or (c)to which, having regard to the probable value of the development, it is in the opinion of the Secretary of State reasonable that this section should apply. (3)This section shall not apply to any development by virtue of subsection (2)(c) of this section if, on an application made to him for the purpose, the Secretary of State has certified that, having regard to the probable value of the development, it is not in his opinion reasonable that this section should apply thereto. (4)Where the compensation specified in the compensation notice became payable in respect of the imposition of conditions on the granting of permission to develop land, this section shall not apply to the development for which that permission was granted. 160Amount recoverable, and provisions for payment or remission thereof (1)Subject to the following provisions of this section, the amount recoverable under section 159 of this Act in respect of the compensation specified in a compensation notice— (a)if the land on which the development is to be carried out (in this subsection referred to as " the development area ") is identical with, or includes (with other land) the whole of, the land comprised in the compensation notice, shall be the amount of compensation specified in that notice; (b)if the development area forms part of the land comprised in the compensation notice, or includes part of that land together with other land not comprised in that notice, shall be so much of the amount of the compensation specified in that notice as is attributable to land comprised in that notice and falling within the development area. (2)Where, in the case of any land in respect of which a compensation notice has been registered, the Secretary of State is satisfied, having regard to the probable value of any proper development of that land, that no such development is likely to be carried out unless he exercises his powers under this subsection, he may, in the case of any particular development, remit the whole or part of any amount otherwise recoverable under section 159 of this Act; and where part only of any such amount has been remitted, he shall cause the compensation notice to be amended by substituting therein, for the statement of the amount of the compensation, in so far as it is attributable to that land, a statement of the amount which has been remitted under this subsection. (3)Where, in connection with the development of any land, an amount becomes recoverable under section 159 of this Act in respect of the compensation specified in a compensation notice, then, except where, and to the extent that, payment of that amount has been remitted under subsection (2) of this section, no amount shall be recoverable under section 159 of this Act in respect of that compensation, in so far as it is attributable to that land, in connection with any subsequent development thereof. (4)No amount shall be recoverable under section 159 of this Act in respect of any compensation by reference to which a sum has become recoverable by the Secretary of State under section 257 of this Act. (5)An amount recoverable under section 159 of this Act in respect of any compensation shall be payable to the Secretary of State, and— (a)shall be so payable either as a single capital payment or as a series of instalments of capital and interest combined, or as a series of other annual or periodical payments, of such amounts, and payable at such times, as the Secretary of State may direct, after taking into account any representations made by the person by whom the development is to be carried out; and (b)except where the amount is payable as a single capital payment, shall be secured by that person in such manner (whether by mortgage, convenant or otherwise) as the Secretary of State may direct. (6)If any person initiates any new development to which section 159 of this Act applies in contravention of subsection (1) of that section, the Secretary of State may serve a notice on him specifying the amount appearing to the Secretary of State to be the amount recoverable under that section in respect of the compensation in question, and requiring him to pay that amount to the Secretary of State within such period, not being less than three months after the service of the notice, as may be specified in the notice. 161Amount recovered not to be deducted from unexpended balance (1)Where an amount has become recoverable under section 159 of this Act in respect of the compensation specified in a compensation notice, the following provisions of this section shall have effect for the purpose of determining any question as to the unexpended balance of established development value of any land at any subsequent time. (2)Except where, and to the extent that, payment of that amount has been remitted under section 160 of this Act, so much (if any) of that compensation as is attributable to that land shall, for the purpose mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, be treated as not having become payable, and accordingly (notwithstanding anything in section 140 of this Act) shall not be deducted from that balance. Supplementary provisions 162Mortgages, rentcharges and settlements (1)Regulations made under this section may make provision as to the exercise of the right to claim compensation under this Part of this Act, and as to the person to whom such compensation or any part thereof is to be paid, and as to the application of any such compensation or any part thereof, in cases where, apart from this section, the right to claim the compensation is exercisable by reference to an interest in land which is subject to a mortgage, or to a rentcharge, or to the trusts of a settlement, or which was so subject at a time specified in the regulations. (2)In relation to any case where, by virtue of any such regulations, compensation or a part thereof is to be paid to the owner of a rentcharge, the regulations may apply all or any of the provisions of section 25 of the War Damage Act 1943 (rights of owners of rentcharges as to payments for war damage) subject to such adaptations and modifications as may be prescribed by the regulations, and may provide for disputes arising under the regulations, so far as they relate to rentcharges, to be referred to the Lands Tribunal for determination by that tribunal. 163Calculation of value (1)In calculating value for any of the purposes of this Part of this Act— (a)rules (2) to (4) of the rules set out in section 5 of the Land Compensation Act 1961 shall apply with the necessary modifications; and (b)if the interest to be valued is subject to a mortgage, it shall be treated as if it were not subject to the mortgage:Provided that rule (3) of those rules shall not apply for the purposes of Schedule 16 to this Act. (2)Where, for the purposes of any of the provisions of this Part of this Act, value falls to be calculated by reference to the duration of a tenancy, and, by reason of any option or other contractual right with respect to the determination, renewal or continuance of the tenancy, the date of expiry of the tenancy is not ascertainable with certainty, that date shall be taken to be such as appears reasonable and probable having regard to the interests of the party by whom the option is exercisable, or in whose favour the right operates, and to any other material considerations subsisting at the time when the calculation of value falls to be made. Part VIII Compensation for Other Planning Restrictions Revocation or modification of planning permission 164Compensation where planning permission revoked or modified (1)Where planning permission is revoked or modified by an order under section 45 of this Act, (other than an order which takes effect by virtue of section 46 of this Act and without being confirmed by the Secretary of State), then if, on a claim made to the local planning authority within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act, it is shown that a person interested in the land— (a)has incurred expenditure in carrying out work which is rendered abortive by the revocation or modification ; or (b)has otherwise sustained loss or damage which is directly attributable to the revocation or modification,the local planning authority shall pay to that person compensation in respect of that expenditure, loss or damage. (2)For the purposes of this section, any expenditure incurred in the preparation of plans for the purposes of any work, or upon other similar matters preparatory thereto, shall be taken to be included in the expenditure incurred in carrying out that work. (3)Subject to subsection (2) of this section, no compensation shall be paid under this section in respect of any work carried out before the grant of the permission which is revoked or modified, or in respect of any other loss or damage (not being loss or damage consisting of depreciation of the value of an interest in land) arising out of anything done or omitted to be done before the grant of that permission. (4)In calculating, for the purposes of this section, the amount of any loss or damage consisting of depreciation of the value of an interest in land, it shall be assumed that planning permission would be granted for development of the land of any class specified in Schedule 8 to this Act. (5)In this Part of this Act any reference to an order under section 45 of this Act includes a reference to an order under the provisions of that section as applied by section 51(2) of this Act. 165Application of s.164 to special cases of refusal or conditional grant of planning permission (1)The provisions of this section shall have effect where— (a)planning permission for the development of land has been granted by a development order; and (b)that permission is withdrawn, whether by the revocation or amendment of the order or by the issue of directions under powers in that behalf conferred by the order; and (c)on an application made in that behalf under Part III of this Act, planning permission for that development is refused, or is granted subject to conditions other than those previously imposed by the development order. (2)In any case falling within subsection (1) of this section, the provisions of section 164 of this Act shall apply as if the planning permission granted by the development order— (a)had been granted by the local planning authority under Part III of this Act; and (b)had been revoked or modified by an order under section 45 of this Act,and the provisions of section 166 (except subsection (5)(b) thereof) and of sections 167 and 168 of this Act shall apply as if references therein to an order under section 45 of this Act were references to the planning decision whereby the planning permission in question is refused, or is granted subject to conditions other than those previously imposed by the development order. (3)This section shall not apply in relation to planning permission for the development of operational land of statutory undertakers. (4)No compensation shall be payable under this section in respect of the imposition of any condition to which section 71 or 82 of this Act applies. 166Registration and apportionment of compensation for depreciation (1)Where compensation becomes payable under the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act, and includes compensation for depreciation of an amount exceeding £20, the local planning authority shall (if it appears to them to be practicable to do so) apportion the amount of the compensation for depreciation between different parts of the land to which the claim for that compensation relates, and give particulars of any such apportionment to the claimant and to every other person (if any) entitled to an interest in land which appears to the authority to be substantially affected by the apportionment. (2)In carrying out an apportionment under subsection (1) of this section, the local planning authority shall divide the land into parts, and shall distribute the compensation for depreciation between those parts, according to the way in which different parts of the land appear to the authority to be differently affected by the order in consequence of which the compensation is payable. (3)Section 156(2) of this Act, and any regulations made by virtue thereof, shall have effect with respect to any such apportionment (subject to any necessary modifications) as they have effect with respect to an apportionment under section 158(1) of this Act. (4)On a reference to the Lands Tribunal by virtue of subsection (3) of this section, subsections (1) and (2) of this section, so far as they relate to the making of an apportionment, shall apply with the substitution, for references to the local planning authority, of references to the Lands Tribunal. (5)Where compensation becomes payable under the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act, and includes compensation for depreciation exceeding £20, the local planning authority shall give notice thereof to the Secretary of State, specifying the amount of the compensation for depreciation and any apportionment thereof under this section; arid subsections (4) to (6) of section 158 of this Act shall have effect with respect thereto as they have effect with respect to compensation under Part VII of this Act, subject, however, to any necessary modifications, and, in particular, with the substitution— (a)for references to the compensation mentioned in that section, of references to the compensation for depreciation specified in the notice; and (b)for references to the planning decision, of references to the order under section 45 of this Act in consequence of which the compensation is payable. (6)In this section and in section 167 of this Act "compensation for depreciation " means so much of any compensation payable under the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act as is payable in respect of loss or damage consisting of depreciation of the value of an interest in land, and "interest" (where the reference is to an interest in land) means the fee simple or a tenancy of the land and does not include any other interest therein. 167Contribution by Secretary of State towards compensation in certain cases (1)Where a notice under section 166 of this Act is given to the Secretary of State in consequence of the making of an order under section 45 of this Act, and the circumstances are such that, if the permission revoked or modified by the order had been refused, or, as the case may be, had been granted as so modified, at the time when it was granted, compensation under Part VII of this Act could have been claimed and would have been payable by the Secretary of State, the Secretary of State may, subject to the provisions of this section, pay to the local planning authority a contribution of the amount appearing to him to be the amount of compensation which would have been so payable by him under Part VII of this Act. (2)The amount of any such contribution shall not exceed— (a)the amount of the compensation for depreciation paid by the local planning authority ; or (b)the unexpended balance of established development value, at the date of the making of the order, of the land in respect of which that compensation was paid. (3)Regulations made under this section shall make provision, in relation to cases where the Secretary of State proposes to pay a contribution under this section— (a)for requiring the Secretary of State to give notice of his proposal to persons entitled to such interests as may be prescribed in the land to which the proposal relates, and to such other persons (if any) as may be determined in accordance with the regulations to be affected by the proposal; (b)for enabling persons to whom notice of the proposal is given to object to the proposal, on the grounds that compensation would not have been payable as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, or that the amount of the compensation so payable would have been less than the amount of the proposed contribution ; (c)for enabling any person making such an objection to require the matter in dispute to be referred to the Lands Tribunal for determination ; and (d)where a contribution under this section is paid, for applying (with any necessary modifications) the provisions of Part VII of this Act as to the reduction or extinguishment of the unexpended balance of established development value of land, as if the contribution had been a payment of compensation under that Part of this Act. 168Recovery, on subsequent development, of compensation under s.164 (1)In relation to notices registered under the provisions of section 158 of this Act, as applied by the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act, sections 159 and 160 of this Act shall have effect as they have effect in relation to compensation notices registered as therein mentioned:Provided that, in a case where the compensation under section 164 of this Act specified in such a notice became payable in respect of an order modifying planning permission, the said sections shall not apply to development in accordance with that permission as modified by the order. (2)Subject to subsection (3) of this section, any sum recovered by the Secretary of State under section 159 of this Act, as applied by subsection (1) of this section, shall be paid to the local planning authority who paid the compensation to which that sum relates. (3)In paying any such sum to the local planning authority, the Secretary of State shall deduct therefrom— (a)the amount of any contribution paid by him under section 167 of this Act in respect of the compensation to which the sum relates; (b)the amount of any grant paid by him under Part XIII of this Act in respect of that compensation:Provided that, if the sum recovered by the Secretary of State is an instalment of the total sum recoverable, or is recovered by reference to development of part of the land in respect of which the compensation was payable, any deduction to be made under paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of this subsection shall be a deduction of such amount as the Secretary of State may determine to be the proper proportion of the amount referred to in that paragraph. (4)For the purposes of sections 159 and 160 of this Act, in their application by virtue of this section to compensation calculated under section 164 of this Act, the expression "new development" shall include— (a)any development of a class specified in paragraph 1 or 3 of Schedule 8 to this Act which is carried out otherwise than subject to the condition set out in Schedule 18 to this Act; and (b)any development excluded by subsection (2) of section 278 of this Act from that Schedule in its application to any determination to which subsection (1) of the said section 278 applies. Other restrictions 169Compensation for planning decisions restricting development other than new development (1)The provisions of this section shall have effect where, on an application for planning permission to carry out development of any class specified in Part II of Schedule 8 to this Act, the Secretary of State, either on appeal or on the reference of the application to him for determination, refuses the permission or grants it subject to conditions. (2)If, on a claim made to the local planning authority within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act, it is shown that the value o£ the interest of any person in the land is less than it would have been if the permission had been granted, or had been granted unconditionally, as the case may be, the local planning authority shall pay to that person compensation of an amount equal to the difference. (3)In determining, for the purposes of subsection (2)"of this section, whether or to what extent the value of an interest in land is less than it would have been if the permission had been granted, or had been granted unconditionally— (a)it shall be assumed that any subsequent application for the like planning permission would be determined in the same way; but (b)if, in the case of a refusal of planning permission, the Secretary of State, on refusing that permission, undertook to grant planning permission for some other development of the land in the event of an application being made in that behalf, regard shall be had to that undertaking; and (c)no account shall be taken of any prospective use which would contravene the condition set out in Schedule 18 to this Act. (4)Where, on such an application as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, planning permission is granted by the Secretary of State subject to conditions for regulating the design or external appearance of buildings, or the size or height of buildings, the Secretary of State, if it appears to him to be reasonable to do so having regard to the local circumstances, may direct that those conditions shall be disregarded, either altogether or to such extent as may be specified in the direction, in assessing the compensation (if any) payable under this section. (5)Where, in the case of an application for planning permission to carry out any such development as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, a notice under section 72(1) of this Act is served in respect of the whole or part of the land to which the application relates, the preceding provisions of this section shall have effect as if the application had been an effective application for planning permission, and as if that permission had been refused, as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, in respect of that land or that part thereof, as the case may be. (6)For the purposes of subsection (1) of this section— (a)paragraph 3 of Schedule 8 to this Act shall be construed as not extending to works involving any increase in the cubic content of a building erected after the appointed day (including any building resulting from the carrying out of such works as are described in paragraph 1 of that Schedule); and (b)paragraph 7 of that Schedule shall not apply to any such building. (7)For the purposes of this section the conditions referred to in sections 41 and 42 of this Act shall be disregarded and no compensation shall be payable under this section in respect of the imposition of any condition to which section 71 or 82 of this Act applies. (8)No compensation shall be payable under this section in respect of an interest in land in respect of which a purchase notice is served. 170Compensation in respect of orders under s.51 (1)The provisions of this section shall have effect where an order is made under section 51 of this Act, requiring a use of land to be discontinued, or imposing conditions on the continuance thereof, or requiring any buildings or works on land to be altered or removed. (2)If, on a claim made to the local planning authority within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act, it is shown that any person has suffered damage in consequence of the order by depreciation of the value of an interest in the land to which he is entitled, or by being disturbed in his enjoyment of the land, that authority shall pay to that person compensation in respect of that damage. (3)Without prejudice to subsection (2) of this section, any person who carries out any works in compliance with the order shall be entitled, on a claim made as mentioned in that subsection, to recover from the local planning authority compensation in respect of any expenses reasonably incurred by him in that behalf. (4)Any compensation payable to a person under this section by virtue of such an order as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section shall be reduced by the value to him of any timber, apparatus or other materials removed for the purpose of complying with the order. 171Compensation for refusal of consent to alteration, etc. of listed building (1)The provisions of this section shall have effect where an application is made for listed building consent for the alteration .or extension of a listed building and— (a)either the works do not constitute development or they do so but the development is such that planning permission therefor is granted by a development order, and (b)the Secretary of State, either on appeal or on the reference of the application to him, refuses such consent or grants it subject to conditions. (2)If, on a claim made to the local planning authority within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act, it is shown that the value of the interest of any person in the land is less than it would have been if listed building consent had been granted, or had been granted unconditionally, as the case may be, the local planning authority shall pay to that person compensation of an amount equal to the difference. (3)In determining, for the purposes of subsection (2) of this section, whether or to what extent the value of an interest in land is less than it would have been if the permission had been granted, or had been granted unconditionally— (a)it shall be assumed that any subsequent application for the like consent would be determined in the same way ; but (b)if, in the case of a refusal of listed building consent, the Secretary of State, on refusing that consent, undertook to grant such consent for some other works to the building in the event of an application being made in that behalf, regard shall be had to that undertaking. (4)No compensation shall be payable under this section in respect of an interest in land in respect of which a purchase notice is served, whether under section 180, 188 or 190 of this Act, being a purchase notice which takes effect. 172Compensation where listed building consent revoked or modified (1)Where listed building consent is revoked or modified by an order under paragraph 10 of Schedule, 11 to this Act (other than an order which takes effect by virtue of paragraph 12 of that Schedule and without being confirmed by the Secretary of State), then if on a claim made to the local planning authority within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act, it is shown that a person interested in the building— (a)has incurred expenditure in carrying out works which are rendered abortive by the revocation or modification ; or (b)has otherwise sustained loss or damage which is directly attributable to the revocation or modification,the authority shall pay to that person compensation in respect of that expenditure, loss or damage. (2)For the purposes of this section, any expenditure incurred in the preparation of plans for the purposes of any works, or upon other similar matters preparatory thereto, shall be taken to be included in the expenditure incurred in carrying out those works. (3)Subject to subsection (2) of this section, no compensation shall be paid under this section in respect of any works carried out before the grant of the listed building consent which is revoked or modified, or in respect of any other loss or damage (not being loss or damage consisting of depreciation of the value of an interest in land) arising out of anything done or omitted to be done before the grant of that consent. 173Compensation for loss or damage caused by service of building preservation notice (1)The provisions of this section shall have effect as respects compensation where a building preservation notice is served. (2)The local planning authority shall not be under any obligation to pay compensation under section 171 of this Act, in respect of any refusal of listed building consent or its grant subject to conditions, unless and until the building is included in a list compiled or approved by the Secretary of State under section 54 of this Act; but this subsection shall not prevent a claim for such compensation being made before the building is so included. (3)If the building preservation notice ceases to have effect without the building having been included in a list so compiled or approved, then, subject to a claim in that behalf being made to the local planning authority within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act, any person who at the time when the notice was served had an interest in the building shall be entitled to be paid compensation by the authority in respect of any loss or damage directly attributable to the effect of the notice. (4)The loss or damage in respect of which compensation is payable under subsection (3) of this section shall include a sum payable in respect of a breach of contract caused by the necessity of discontinuing or countermanding any works to the building on account of the building preservation notice being in force with respect thereto. 174Compensation in respect of tree preservation orders The matters for which provision may under section 60 of this Act be made by a tree preservation order include the payment by the local planning authority, subject to such exceptions and conditions as may be specified in the order, of compensation in respect of loss or damage caused or incurred in consequence of the refusal of any consent required under the order, or of the grant of any such consent subject to conditions. 175Compensation in respect of requirement as to replanting of trees (1)The provisions of this section shall have effect where, in pursuance of provision made by a tree preservation order, a direction is given, by the local planning authority or the Secretary of State, for securing the replanting of all or any part of a woodland area which is felled in the course of forestry operations permitted by or under the order. (2)If the Forestry Commissioners decide not to make any advance under section 4 of the Forestry Act 1967 in respect of the replanting and come to that decision on the ground that the direction frustrates the use of the woodland area for the growing of timber or other forest products for commercial purposes and in accordance with the rules or practice of good forestry, the local planning authority exercising functions under the tree preservation order shall be liable, on the making of a claim in accordance with this section, to pay compensation in respect of such loss or damage, if any, as is caused or incurred in consequence of compliance with the direction. (3)The Forestry Commissioners shall, at the request of the person under a duty to comply with the direction, give a certificate stating whether they have decided not to make any such advance and, if so, the grounds of their decision. (4)A claim for compensation under this section must be served on the local planning authority within twelve months from the date on which the direction was given, or where an appeal has been made to the Secretary of State against the decision of the local planning authority, from the date of the decision of the Secretary of State on the appeal, but subject in either case to such extension of that period as the local planning authority may allow. 176Compensation for restrictions on advertising Where, for the purpose of complying with any regulations made under section 63 of this Act, works are carried out by any person— (a)for removing an advertisement which was being displayed on 1st August 1948; or (b)for discontinuing the use for the display of advertisements of a site used for that purpose on that date,that person shall, on a claim made to the local planning authority within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act, be entitled to recover from that authority compensation in respect of any expenses reasonably incurred by him in that behalf. 177Compensation for loss due to stop notice (1)Where a stop notice under section 90 of this Act ceases to have effect, a person who, at the time when it was first served, had an interest in the land to which it relates shall, in any of the circumstances mentioned in subsection (2) of this section, be entitled to be compensated by in the local planning authority in respect of any loss or damage directly attributable to the prohibition contained in the notice. (2)A person shall be entitled to compensation under subsection (1) of this section in respect of a prohibition contained in a stop notice in any of the following circumstances:— (a)the enforcement notice is quashed on any of the grounds mentioned in section 88(1)(b), (c), (d) or (e) of this Act; (b)the allegation in the enforcement notice on which the prohibition in the stop notice is dependent is not upheld by reason that the enforcement notice is varied on one of those grounds; (c)the enforcement notice is withdrawn by the local planning authority otherwise than in consequence of the grant by them of planning permission for the development to which the notice relates or for its retention or continuance without compliance with a condition or limitation subject to which a previous planning permission was granted; (d)the stop notice is withdrawn. (3)A prohibition in a stop notice shall be treated for the purposes of subsection (2) of this section as dependent on an allegation in an enforcement notice if and to the extent that the operations to which the prohibition in the stop notice relates are the same as those alleged in the enforcement notice to constitute a breach of planning control or are so closely associated therewith as to constitute substantially the same operations. (4)A claim for compensation under this section shall be made to the local planning authority within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act. (5)The loss or damage in respect of which compensation is payable under this section in respect of a prohibition shall include a sum payable in respect of a breach of contract caused by the taking of action necessary to comply with the prohibition or of any liability arising by virtue of section 90(8) of this Act. Supplementary provisions 178General provisions as to compensation for depreciation under Part VIII (1)For the purpose of assessing any compensation to which this section applies, the rules set out in section 5 of the Land Compensation Act 1961 shall, so far as applicable and subject to any necessary modifications, have effect as they have effect for the purpose of assessing compensation for the compulsory acquisition of an interest in land. (2)This section applies to any compensation which, under the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act other than section 174, 175 or 177 is payable in respect of depreciation of the value of an interest in land. (3)Where an interest in land is subject to a mortgage— (a)any compensation to which this section applies, which is payable in respect of depreciation of the value of that interest, shall be assessed as if the interest were not subject to the mortgage; (b)a claim for any such compensation may be made by any mortgagee of the interest, but without prejudice to the making of a claim by the person entitled to the interest; (c)no compensation to which this section applies shall be payable in respect of the interest of the mortgagee (as distinct from the interest which is subject to the mortgage); and (d)any compensation to which this section applies which is payable in respect of the interest which is subject to the mortgage shall be paid to the mortgagee, or, if there is more than one mortgagee, to the first mortgagee, and shall in either case be applied by him as if it were proceeds of sale. 179Determination of claims for compensation (1)Except in so far as may be otherwise provided by any tree preservation order or by any regulations made under this Act, any question of disputed compensation under this Part of this Act shall be referred to and determined by the Lands Tribunal. (2)In relation to the determination of any such question, the provisions of sections 2 and 4 of the Land Compensation Act 1961 shall apply, subject to any necessary modifications and to the provisions of any regulations made under this Act. Part IX Provisions Enabling Owner to Require Purchase of his Interest Interests affected by planning decisions or orders 180Purchase notice on refusal or conditional grant of planning permission (1)Where, on an application for planning permission to develop any land, permission is refused or is granted subject to conditions, then if any owner of the land claims— (a)that the land has become incapable of reasonably beneficial use in its existing state; and (b)in a case where planning permission was granted subject to conditions, that the land cannot be rendered capable of reasonably beneficial ,use by the carrying out of the permitted development in accordance with those conditions; and (c)in any case, that the land cannot be rendered capable of reasonably beneficial use by the carrying out of any other development for which planning permission has been granted or for which the local planning authority or the Secretary of State has undertaken to grant planning permission,he may, within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act, serve on the council of the county borough, London borough or county district in which the land is situated a notice requiring that council to purchase his interest in the land in accordance with the following provisions of this Part of this Act. (2)Where, for the purpose of determining whether the conditions specified in subsection (1) (a) to (c) of this section are fulfilled in relation to any. land, any question arises as to what is or would in any particular circumstances be a reasonably beneficial use of that land, then, in determining that question for that purpose, no account shall be taken of any prospective use of that land which would involve the carrying out of new development or which would contravene the condition set out in Schedule 18 to this Act. (3)In the application of Schedule 8 to this Act for the purposes of any determination under subsection (2) of this section-(a) paragraph 3 of that Schedule shall be construed as not extending to works involving any increase in the cubic content of a building erected after the appointed day (including any building resulting from the carrying out of such works as are described in paragraph 1 of that Schedule); and (b)paragraph 7 of that Schedule shall not apply to any such building. (4)For the purposes of this section the conditions referred to in sections 41 and 42 of this Act shall be disregarded, and no account shall be taken of any condition to which section 71 or 82 of this Act applies. (5)A person on whom there has been served a repairs notice under section 115 of this Act shall not in any case be entitled to serve a purchase notice under this section in respect of the building in question until the expiration of three months beginning with the date of the service of the repairs notice; and if during that period the council or the Secretary of State start the compulsory acquisition of the building in the exercise of their powers under section 114 of this Act, that person shall not be so entitled unless and until the compulsory acquisition is discontinued. (6)For the purposes of subsection (5) of this section a compulsory acquisition— (a)is started when the council or the Secretary of Stale, as the case may be, serve the notice required by paragraph 3(1)(b) of Schedule 1 to the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 ; and (b)is discontinued, in the case of acquisition by a council, when they withdraw the compulsory purchase order or the Secretary of State decides not to confirm it and, in the case of acquisition by the Secretary of State, when he decides not to make the compulsory purchase order. (7)A notice under this section, or under any other provision of this Part of this Act to which this subsection is applied, is in this Act referred to as a " purchase notice ". 181Action by council on whom purchase notice is served (1)The council on whom a purchase notice is served under section 180 of this Act shall, before the end of the period of three months beginning with the date of service of that notice, serve on the owner by whom the purchase notice was served a notice stating either— (a)that the council are willing to comply with the purchase notice; or (b)that another local authority or statutory undertakers specified in the notice under this subsection have agreed to comply with it in their place; or (c)that, for reasons specified in the notice under this subsection, the council are not willing to comply with the purchase notice and have not found any other local authority or statutory undertakers who will agree to comply with it in their place, and that they have transmitted a copy of the purchase notice to the Secretary of State, on a date specified in the notice under this subsection, together with a statement of the reasons so specified. (2)Where the council on whom a purchase notice is served by an owner have served on him a notice in accordance with subsection (1)(a) or (b) of this section, the council, or the other local authority or statutory undertakers specified in the notice, as the case may be, shall be deemed to be authorised to acquire the interest of the owner compulsorily in accordance with the relevant provisions, and to have served a notice to treat in respect thereof on the date of service of the notice under that subsection. (3)Where the council on whom a purchase notice is served by an owner propose to serve on him a notice in accordance with subsection (1)(c) of this section, they shall transmit a copy of the purchase notice to the Secretary of State, together with a statement of their reasons. (4)In this section "the relevant provisions" means the provisions of Part VI of this Act or, in the case of statutory undertakers, any statutory provision (however expressed) under which they have power, or may be authorised, to purchase land compulsorily for the purposes of their undertaking. 182Procedure on reference of purchase notice to Secretary of State (1)Where a copy of a purchase notice is transmitted to the Secretary of State under section 181(3) of this Act, the Secretary of State shall consider whether to confirm the notice or to take other action under section 183 of this Act in respect thereof. (2)Before confirming a purchase notice or taking any other action under section 183 of this Act in respect thereof, the Secretary of State shall give notice of his proposed action— (a)to the person by whom the purchase notice was served; (b)to the council on whom the purchase notice was served ; (c)to the local planning authority for the area in which the land is situated ; and (d)if the Secretary of State proposes to substitute any other local authority or statutory undertakers for the council on whom the purchase notice was served, to that other local authority or those statutory undertakers. (3)If, within such period as may be specified in a notice under subsection (2) of this section, being a period of not less than twenty-eight days from the service of that notice, any of the persons, authorities or statutory undertakers on whom that notice is served so requires, the Secretary of State, before confirming the purchase notice or taking any other action under section 183 of this Act in respect thereof, shall afford to those persons, authorities and undertakers an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose. (4)Where the Secretary of State has given notice under sub section (2) of this section of his proposed action, and any of the persons, authorities and statutory undertakers concerned have appeared before and been heard by a person appointed by the Secretary of State for the purpose, and it then appears to the Secretary of State to be expedient to take action under section 183 of this Act otherwise than in accordance with the notice given by him, the Secretary of State may take that action accordingly 183Action by Secretary of State in relation to purchase notice (1)Subject to the following provisions of this section and to section 184 of this Act, if the Secretary of State is satisfied that the conditions specified in section 180(1)(a) to (c) of this Act are fulfilled in relation to a purchase notice, he shall confirm the notice. (2)If it appears to the Secretary of State to be expedient to do so, he may, in lieu of confirming the purchase notice, grant planning permission for the development in respect of which the application was made, or, where planning permission for that development was granted subject to conditions, revoke or amend those conditions so far as appears to him to be required in order to enable the land to be rendered capable of reasonably beneficial use by the carrying out of that development. (3)If it appears to the Secretary of State that the land, or any part of the land, could be rendered capable of reasonably beneficial use within a reasonable time by the carrying out of any other development for which planning permission ought to be granted, he may, in lieu of confirming the purchase notice, or in lieu of confirming it so far as it relates to that part of the land, as the case may be, direct that planning permission for that development shall be granted in the event of an application being made in that behalf. (4)If it appears to the Secretary of State, having regard to the probable ultimate use of the land, that it is expedient to do so, he may, if he confirms the notice, modify it, either in relation to the whole or in relation to any part of the land to which it relates, by substituting another local authority or statutory undertakers for the council on whom the notice was served. (5)In section 182 of this Act, any reference to the taking of action by the Secretary of State under this section is a reference to the taking by him of any such action as is mentioned in subsections (1) to (4) of this section, or to the taking by him of a decision not to confirm the purchase notice either on the grounds that any of the conditions referred to in subsection (1) of this section are not fulfilled or by virtue of section 184 of this Act. 184Power to refuse to confirm purchase notice where land has restricted use by virtue of previous planning permission (1)This section shall have effect where, on an application for planning permission to develop any land which has a restricted use by virtue of a previous planning permission, permission is refused or granted subject to conditions and an owner of the land serves a purchase notice under section 180 of this Act. (2)For the purposes of this section, land is to be treated as having a restricted use by virtue of a previous planning permission if it is part of a larger area in respect of which planning permission was previously granted (and has not been revoked) and either— (a)it remains a condition of the planning permission (however expressed) that that part shall remain undeveloped or be preserved or laid out in a particular way as amenity land in relation to the remainder; or (b)the planning permission was granted on an application which contemplated (expressly or by necessary implication) that the part should not be comprised in the development for which planning permission was sought, or should be preserved or laid out as aforesaid. (3)If a copy of the purchase notice is transmitted to the Secretary of State under section 181(3) of this Act the Secretary of State, although satisfied that the land has become incapable of reasonably beneficial use in its existing state, shall nevertheless not be required under section 183(1) of this Act to confirm the notice if it appears to him that the land ought, in accordance with the previous planning permission, to remain undeveloped or, as the case may be, remain or be preserved or laid out as amenity land in relation to the remainder of the large area for which that planning permission was granted. 185Power to refuse to confirm purchase notice in respect of office premises (1)This section applies to any purchase notice served on or after 5th November 1964 (whether before or after the passing of this Act) in respect of land within the metropolitan region, or served on or after 5th August 1965 (whether before or after the passing of this Act) in respect of land which, at the date of service of the notice, is within a controlled area as defined in section 81(2) of this Act outside the metropolitan region, where either— (a)planning permission for the carrying out on that land, or part of it, of development to which section 74 of this Act applies was granted before 5th August 1965. but by virtue of paragraph 1(4) of Schedule 12 to this Act that planning permission is for the time being deemed not to have effect; or (b)the purpose for which that land, or part of it, is or was used at the date of service of the notice, or was last used before that date, is or was that of a building containing office premises. (2)In relation to a purchase notice to which this section applies, the provisions of this Act shall have effect as if, after subsection (4) of section 183 of this Act, there were inserted the following subsection— “(4A)Where the purchase notice is one to which section 185 of this Act applies, the Secretary of State may, if he thinks fit, determine not to confirm the notice without taking any such action as is mentioned in subsections (2) to (4) of this section ", and as if, in subsection (5) of that section, after the words " by virtue of " there were inserted the words " subsection (4A) of this section or” (3)Where in pursuance of subsection (4A) of the said section 183 (as modified by subsection (2) of this section) the Secretary of State has determined not to confirm a purchase notice to which this section applies, and on a subsequent date the land to which that notice related ceases to be within an area to which section 74 of this Act applies— (a)a further purchase notice may be served on or after that date in respect of the planning decision to which the previous notice related ; and (b)for the purposes of any regulations made under this Act as to the time within which a purchase notice may be served, the service of such a further purchase notice shall not be treated as out of time if it is served within the period which would be applicable in accordance with those regulations if the planning decision referred to in the preceding paragraph had been made on that subsequent date. (4)In determining, for the purposes of subsection (1)(b) of this section, for what purpose any land is used, or was last used, as the case may be, no account shall be taken— (a)of any use in accordance with planning permission granted for a limited period ; or (b)of any use in respect of which, before the date of service of the purchase notice, an enforcement notice had been served and had become effective; or (c)of any use of land at a time when it is or was not covered by a building. (5)For the purposes of this section " office premises " has the meaning assigned by section 73(4) of this Act and this section shall have effect as if it were included in sections 73 to 86 of this Act. (6)Notwithstanding subsection (5) of this section, subsection (3) of this section shall not cease to have effect at the end of the period mentioned in section 86 of this Act; and in relation to any land which, immediately before the end of that period, is land within an area to which section 74 of this Act applies, any reference in that subsection to the date on which the land ceases to be within such an area shall be construed as a reference to the end of that period. 186Effect of Secretary of State's action in relation to purchase notice (1)Where the Secretary of State confirms a purchase notice, the council on whom the purchase notice was served (or, if under section 183(4) of this Act the Secretary of State modified the purchase notice by substituting another local authority or statutory undertakers for that council, that other local authority or those statutory undertakers) shall be deemed to be authorised to acquire the interest of the owner compulsorily in accordance with the relevant provisions and to have served a notice to treat in respect thereof on such date as the Secretary of State may direct. (2)If, before the end of the relevant period, the Secretary of State has neither confirmed the purchase notice nor taken any such action in respect thereof as is mentioned in section 183(2) or (3) of this Act, and has not notified the owner by whom the notice was served that he does not propose to confirm the notice, the notice shall be deemed to be confirmed at the end of that period, and the council on whom the notice was served shall be deemed to be authorised to acquire the interest of the owner compulsorily in accordance with the relevant provisions and to have served a notice to treat in respect thereof at the end of that period. (3)For the purposes of subsection (2) of this section the relevant period is whichever of the following periods first expires, that is to say— (a)the period of nine months beginning with the date of service of the purchase notice; and (b)the period of six months beginning with the date on which a copy of the purchase notice was transmitted to the Secretary of State. (4)Where the Secretary of State has notified the owner by whom a purchase notice has been served of a decision on his part to confirm, or not to confirm, the notice (including any decision not to confirm the notice in respect of part of the land to which it relates, and including any decision to grant any permission, or give any direction, in lieu of confirming the notice, either wholly or in part) .and that decision of the Secretary of State is quashed under the provisions of Part XII of this Act, the purchase notice shall be treated as cancelled, but the owner may serve a further purchase notice in its place. (5)For the purposes of any regulations made under this Act as to the time within which a purchase notice may be served, the service of a purchase notice under subsection (4) of this section shall not be treated as out of time if the notice is served within the period which would be applicable in accordance with those regulations if the planning decision, in consequence of which the notice is served, had been made on the date on which the decision of the Secretary of State was quashed as mentioned in subsection (4) of this section. (6)In this section " the relevant provisions " has the same meaning as in section 181 of this Act. 187Special provisions as to compensation where purchase notice served (1)Where by virtue of section 164 of this Act compensation is payable in respect of expenditure incurred in carrying out any work on land, then, if a purchase notice is served in respect of an interest in that land, any compensation payable in respect of the acquisition of that interest in pursuance of the purchase notice shall be reduced by an amount equal to the value of the works in respect of which compensation is payable by virtue of that section. (2)Where a purchase notice served in respect of an interest in land does not take effect, or does not take effect in relation to a part of the land, by reason that the Secretary of State gives a direction under section 183(3) of this Act, then if, on a claim made to the local planning authority within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act it is shown that the permitted development value of that interest (or, as the case may be, of that interest so far as it relates to that part of the land) is less than its existing use value, the local planning authority shall pay to the person entitled to that interest compensation of an amount which (subject to the following provisions of this section) shall be equal to the difference. (3)If the planning permission which, by the direction referred to in subsection (2) of this section, is required to be granted would be granted subject to conditions for regulating the design or external appearance of buildings, or the size or height of buildings, or for regulating the number of buildings to be erected on the land, the Secretary of State, if it appears to him to be reasonable to do so having regard to the local circumstances, may direct that those conditions shall be disregarded, either altogether or to such extent as may be specified in the direction, in assessing any compensation payable under subsection (2) of this section. (4)Sections 178 and 179 of this Act shall have effect in relation to compensation under subsection (2) of this section as they have effect in relation to compensation to which those sections apply. (5)In this section " permitted development value ", in relation to an interest in land in respect of which a direction is given under section 183(3) of this Act, means the value of that interest calculated with regard to that direction, but on the assumption that no planning permission would be granted otherwise than in accordance with that direction, and " existing use value ''; in relation to such an interest, means the value of that interest as (for the purpose of ascertaining the compensation payable on an acquisition thereof in pursuance of the purchase notice) that value would have been assessed in accordance with the provisions of the Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act 1919, as modified by the provisions of sections 51 to 54 of the Act of 1947, if no enactment repealing, modifying or superseding any of those provisions had been passed after the passing of the Act of 1947. 188Purchase notice in respect of order revoking or modifying planning permission (1)Where by an order under section 45 of this Act planning permission in respect of any land is revoked, or is modified by the imposition of conditions, then if any owner of the land claims— (a)that the land has become incapable of reasonably beneficial use in its existing state; and (b)in a case where the planning permission was modified by the imposition of conditions, that the land cannot be rendered capable of reasonably beneficial use by the carrying out of the permitted development in accordance with those conditions; and (c)in any case, that the land cannot be rendered capable of reasonably beneficial use by the carrying out of any other development for which planning permission has been granted or for which the local planning authority or the Secretary of State has undertaken to grant planning permission,he may, within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act, serve on the council of the county borough, London borough or county district in which the land is situated a notice requiring that council to purchase his interest in the land in accordance with the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act. (2)Section 180(7) of this Act shall apply to this section; and, subject to subsection (3) of this section, sections 180(2), 181 to 184, 186 and 187 of this Act shall apply to a notice served by virtue of subsection (1) of this section as they apply to a notice served by virtue of section 180(1) of this Act. (3)In the application of subsection (2) of section 180 of this Act to a purchase notice served by virtue of subsection (1) of this section, that subsection shall apply as if the words " or which would contravene the condition set out in Schedule 18 to this Act" were omitted; and in the application of section 183 of this Act to a purchase notice served as aforesaid, that section shall apply as if the following subsection were substituted for subsection (2) thereof— (2)If it appears to the Secretary of State to be expedient to do so, he may, in lieu of confirming the purchase notice, cancel the order revoking the planning permission, or, where the order modified the permission by the imposition of conditions, revoke or amend those conditions so far as appears to him to be required in order to enable the land to be rendered capable of reasonably beneficial use by the carrying out of the development in respect of which the permission was granted 189Purchase notice in respect of order requiring discontinuance of use or alteration or removal of buildings or works (1)If any person entitled to an interest in land in respect of which an order is made under section 51 of this Act claims— (a)that by reason of the order the land is incapable of reasonably beneficial use in its existing state ; and (b)that it cannot be rendered capable of reasonably beneficial use by the carrying out of any development for which planning permission has been granted, whether by that order or otherwise,he may, within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act, serve on the council of the county borough, London borough or county district in which the land is situated a notice requiring that council to purchase his interest in the land in accordance with the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act. (2)Section 180(7) of this Act shall apply to this section; and, subject to subsection (3) of this section, sections 180(2), 181 to 184, 186 and 187 of this Act shall apply to a notice served by virtue of subsection (1) of this section as they apply to a notice served by virtue of section 180(1) of this Act. (3)In the application of subsection (2) of section 180 of this Act to a purchase notice served by virtue of subsection (1) of this section, that subsection shall apply as if the words "or which would contravene the condition set out in Schedule 18 to this Act" were omitted; and in the application of section 183 of this Act to a purchase notice served as aforesaid, that section shall have effect subject to the following modifications, that is to say— (a)in subsection (1), for the reference to the conditions therein mentioned, there shall be substituted a reference to the conditions specified in subsection (1)(a) and (b) of this section ; and (b)the following subsection shall be substituted for subsection (2)— “(2)If it appears to the Secretary of State to be expedient to do so, he may, in lieu of confirming the purchase notice, revoke the order under section 51 of this Act, or, as the case may be, amend that order so far as appears to him to be required in order to prevent the land from being rendered incapable of reasonably beneficial use by the order”. (4)Where a purchase notice in respect of an interest in land is served in consequence of such an order as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, then if— (a)that interest is acquired in accordance with the preceding provisions of this Part of this Act; or (b)compensation is payable in respect of that interest under section 187(2) of this Act,no compensation shall be payable in respect of that order under section 170 of this Act. (5)Except as provided by this section, no purchase notice shall be served in respect of an interest in land while the land is incapable of reasonably beneficial use by reason only of such an order as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section. 190Purchase notice on refusal or conditional grant of listed building consent (1)Where, on an application for listed building consent in respect of a building, consent is refused or is granted subject to conditions or, by an order under Part II of Schedule 11 to this Act, listed building consent is revoked or modified, then if any owner of the land claims— (a)that the land has become incapable of reasonably beneficial use in its existing state ; and (b)in a case where consent was granted subject to conditions with respect to the execution of the works or, as the case may be, was modified by the imposition of such conditions, that the land cannot be rendered capable of reasonably beneficial use by the carrying out of the works in accordance with those conditions; and (c)in any case that the land cannot be rendered capable of reasonably beneficial use by the carrying out of any other works for which listed building consent has been granted or for which the local planning authority or the Secretary of State has undertaken to grant such consent,he may, within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act, serve on the council of the county borough, London borough or county district in which the land is situated a notice requiring that council to purchase his interest in the land in accordance with Schedule 19 to this Act. (2)Where, for the purpose of determining whether the conditions specified in subsection (1)(a) to (c) of this section are satisfied in relation to the land, any question arises as to what is or would in any particular circumstances be a reasonably beneficial use of that land, then in determining that question for that purpose, no account shall be taken of any prospective use of that land which would involve the carrying out of new development or of any works requiring listed building consent which might be executed to the building, other than works for which the local planning authority or the Secretary of State have undertaken to grant such consent. (3)In this section and in Schedule 19 to this Act, " the land " means the building in respect of which listed building consent has been refused, or granted subject to conditions, or modified by the imposition of conditions, and in respect of which its owner serves a notice under this section, together with any land comprising the building, or contiguous or adjacent to it, and owned with it, being land as to which the owner claims that its use is substantially inseparable from that of the building and that it ought to be treated, together with the building, as a single holding. (4)Subsections (5) and (6) of section 180 of this Act shall apply to a listed building purchase notice as they apply to a purchase notice under that section. (5)A notice under this section is in this Act referred to as a " listed building purchase notice " 191Purchase notices in other cases (1)Sections 180 to 183, 186 and 187 of this Act are provisions falling within subsection (2) of section 60 of this Act; and subsection (1) of the said section 60 and subsection (2) of section 63 of this Act, shall have effect accordingly. (2)Where, in the case of an application for planning permission, a notice under section 72(1) of this Act is served in respect of the whole or part of the land to which the application relates, the provisions of sections 180 to 183, 186 and 187 of this Act shall have effect as if the application had been an effective application for planning permission, and as if that permission had been refused in respect of that land or that part thereof, as the case may be. Interests of owner-occupiers affected by planning proposals 192Scope of these provisions (1)The provisions of sections 193 to 207 of this Act shall have effect in relation to land which— (a)is land indicated in a structure plan in force for the district in which it is situated either as land which may be required for the purposes of any functions of a government department, local authority or statutory undertakers, or of the National Coal Board, or as land which may be included in an action area; or (b)is land allocated for the purposes of any such functions by a local plan in force for the district or is land defined in such a plan as the site of proposed development for the purposes of any such functions ; or (c)is land indicated in a development plan (otherwise than by being dealt with in a manner mentioned in the preceding paragraphs) as land on which a highway is proposed to be constructed or land to be included in a highway as proposed to be improved or altered; or (d)is land on or adjacent to the line of a highway proposed to be constructed, improved or altered, as indicated in an order or scheme which has come into operation under the provisions of Part II of the Highways Act 1959 relating to trunk roads or special roads or as indicated in an order which has come into operation under section 1 of the Highways Act 1971, being land in relation to which a power of compulsory acquisition conferred by any of the provisions of Part X of the said Act of 1959 or Part III of the said Act of 1971 (including a power compulsorily to acquire any right by virtue of section 47 of the said Act of 1971) may become exercisable, as being land required for purposes of construction, improvement or alteration as indicated in the order or scheme; or (e)is land shown on plans approved by a resolution of a local highway authority as land comprised in the site of a highway as proposed to be constructed, improved or altered by that authority; or (f)is land on which the Secretary of State proposes to provide a trunk road or a special road and has given to the local planning authority written notice of his intention to provide the road, together with maps or plans sufficient to identify the proposed route of the road; or (g)is land in the case of which— (i)there is in force a compulsory purchase order made by a highway authority in the exercise of highway land acquisition powers and providing, by virtue of section 47 of the Highways Act 1971, for the acquisition of a right or rights over that land; and (ii)the highway authority have power to serve, but have not served, notice to treat in respect of the right or rights ; (h)is land indicated by information published in pursuance of section 31 of the Housing Act 1969 as land which a local authority propose to acquire in the exercise of their powers under Part II of that Act (general improvement areas); or (i)is land authorised by a special enactment to be compulsorily acquired, or land falling within the limits of deviation within which powers of compulsory acquisition conferred by a special enactment are exercisable; or (j)is land in respect of which a compulsory purchase order is in force, where the appropriate authority have power to serve, but have not served, notice to treat in respect of the land. (2)Paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to land situated in a district for which a local plan is in force, where that plan— (a)allocates any land in the district for the purposes of such functions as are mentioned in that paragraph; or (b)defines any land in the district as the site of proposed development for the purposes of any such functions. (3)Interests qualifying for protection under these provisions are either— (a)interests in hereditaments or parts of hereditaments; or (b)interests in agricultural units or parts of agricultural units. (4)An interest in the whole or part of a hereditament shall be taken to be an interest qualifying for protection under these provisions if, on the date of service of a notice under section 193 of this Act in respect thereof, either— (a)the annual value of the hereditament does not exceed such amount as may be prescribed for the purposes of this paragraph by an order made by the Secretary of State, and the interest in question is the interest of an owner-occupier of the hereditament; or (b)in a case not falling within the preceding paragraph, the interest in question is the interest of a resident owner occupier of the hereditament. (5)An interest in the whole or part of an agricultural unit shall be taken to be an interest qualifying for protection under these provisions if, on the date of service of a notice under section 193 of this Act in respect thereof, it is the interest of an owner-occupier of the unit. (6)In this section and in the said sections 193 to 207 "these provisions " means the provisions of this section and of those sections, "the specified descriptions" means the descriptions contained in subsection (1)(a) to (j) of this section and "blight notice " means a notice served under section 193 or 201 of this Act. 193Power to serve blight notice (1)Where the whole or part of a hereditament or agricultural unit is comprised in land of any of the specified descriptions, and a person claims that— (a)he is entitled to an interest in that hereditament or unit; and (b)the interest is one which qualifies for protection under these provisions; and (c)since the relevant date he has made reasonable endeavours to sell that interest; and (d)he has been unable to sell it except at a price substantially lower than that for which it might reasonably have been expected to sell if no part of the hereditament or unit were comprised in land of any of the specified descriptions,he may serve on the appropriate authority a notice in the prescribed form requiring that authority to purchase that interest to the extent specified in, and otherwise in accordance with, these provisions. (2)Subsection (1) of this section shall apply in relation to an interest in part of a hereditament or agricultural unit as it applies in relation to an interest in the entirety of a hereditament or agricultural unit:Provided that this subsection shall not enable any person— (a)if he is entitled to an interest in the entirety of a hereditament or agricultural unit, to make any claim or serve any notice under this section in respect of his interest in part of the hereditament or unit; or (b)if he is entitled to an interest only in part of a hereditament or agricultural unit, to make or serve any such claim or notice in respect of his interest in less than the entirety of that part. (3)In this section " the relevant date "— (a)in relation to land indicated, allocated or defined as mentioned in paragraph (a), (b) or (c) of subsection (1) of section 192 of this Act, means the date (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) on which the development plan, or the amendment of the development plan, by virtue of which the land was first so indicated, allocated or defined came into operation; (b)in relation to land falling within paragraph (d) of that subsection, means the date (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) of the coming into force of the order or scheme by virtue of which it falls within that paragraph; (c)in relation to land falling within paragraph (e) of that subsection, means the date (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) of the passing of the resolution by virtue of which it falls within that paragraph; (d)in relation to land falling within paragraph (f) of that subsection, means the date (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) on which the Secretary of State gave to the local planning authority the written notice specified in that paragraph ; (e)in relation to land falling within paragraph (g) of that subsection, means the date (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) on which the order for the compulsory acquisition of the right or rights over the land was confirmed or made by the Secretary of State; (f)in relation to land falling within paragraph (h) of that subsection, means the date (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) on which the information in question was first published; (g)in relation to land falling within paragraph (i) of that subsection, means the date (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) on which the special enactment in question came into operation; (h)in relation to land falling within paragraph (j) of that subsection, means the date (whether before or after the commencement of this Act) on which the order for its compulsory purchase was confirmed or made by the Secretary of State. (4)In these provisions " the claimant", in relation to a blight notice, means the person who served that notice, and any reference to the interest of the claimant, in relation to such a notice, is a reference to the interest which the notice requires the appropriate authority to purchase as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section. 194Objection to blight notice (1)Where a blight notice has been served in respect of a hereditament or an agricultural unit, the appropriate authority, at any time before the end of the period of two months beginning with the date of service of that notice, may serve on the claimant a counter-notice in the prescribed form objecting to the notice. (2)Subject to the following provisions of this section, the grounds on which objection may be made in a counter-notice to a notice served under section 193 of this Act are— (a)that no part of the hereditament or agricultural unit to which the notice relates is comprised in land of any of the specified descriptions ; (b)that the appropriate authority (unless compelled to do so by virtue of these provisions) do not propose to acquire any part of the hereditament, or (in the case of an agricultural unit) any part of the affected area, in the exercise of any relevant powers; (c)that the appropriate authority propose in the exercise of relevant powers to acquire a part of the hereditament or (in the case of an agricultural unit) a part of the affected area specified in the counter-notice, but (unless compelled to do so by virtue of these provisions) do not propose to acquire any other part of that hereditament or area in the exercise of any such powers ; (d)that (in the case of land falling within paragraph (a) or (c) but not (d), (e) or (f) of section 192(1) of this Act) the appropriate authority (unless compelled to do so by virtue of these provisions) do not propose to acquire in the exercise of any relevant powers any part of the hereditament or (in the case of an agricultural unit) any part of the affected area during the period of fifteen years from the date of the counter-notice or such longer period from that date as may be specified in the counter-notice; (e)that, on the date of service of the notice under section 193 of this Act, the claimant was not entitled to an interest in any part of the hereditament or agricultural unit to which the notice relates ; (f)that (for reasons specified in the counter-notice) the interest of the claimant is not an interest qualifying for protection under these provisions; (g)that the conditions specified in paragraphs (c) and (d) of section 193 (1) of this Act are not fulfilled. (3)An objection may not be made on the grounds mentioned in paragraph (d) of subsection (2) of this section if it may be made on the grounds mentioned in paragraph (b) of that subsection. (4)Where the appropriate enactment is one of the enactments conferring highway land acquisition powers, subsection (2) of this section shall have effect as if— (a)in paragraph (b) after the word " acquire " there were inserted the words “or to acquire any rights over”; (b)in paragraph (c) for the words " do not propose to acquire " there were substituted the words “propose neither to acquire, nor to acquire any right over”; (c)in paragraph (d) after the words " affected area " there were inserted “or to acquire any right over any part thereof”. (5)Any counter-notice served under this section in respect of a blight notice shall specify the grounds (being one or more of the grounds mentioned in the preceding provisions of this section or, as relevant, in section 201(6) of this Act) on which the appropriate authority object to the notice. (6)In this section " relevant powers in relation to any land falling within any of the specified descriptions, means any powers under which the appropriate authority are or could be authorised— (a)to acquire that land compulsorily as being land falling within that description ; or (b)to acquire that land compulsorily for any of the relevant purposes;and, where the appropriate enactment is one of the enactments conferring highway land acquisition powers, any such powers as extending to the acquisition of rights over land; and " the relevant purposes", in relation to any such land, means the purposes for which, in accordance with the circumstances by virtue of which that land falls within the description in question, it is liable to be acquired or is indicated as being proposed to be acquired. 195Reference of objection to Lands Tribunal (1)Where a counter-notice has been served under section 194 of this Act objecting to a blight notice, the claimant, at any time before the end of the period of two months beginning with the date of service of the counter-notice, may require the objection to be referred to the Lands Tribunal. (2)On any such reference, if the objection is not withdrawn, the Lands Tribunal shall consider the matters set out in the notice served by the claimant and the grounds of the objection specified in the counter-notice; and, subject to subsection (3) of this section, unless it is shown to the satisfaction of the Tribunal that the objection is not well-founded, the Tribunal shall uphold the objection. (3)An objection on the grounds mentioned in section 194(2) (6), (c) or (d) of this Act shall not be upheld by the Tribunal unless it is shown to the satisfaction of the Tribunal that the objection is well-founded. (4)If the Tribunal determines not to uphold the objection, the Tribunal shall declare that the notice to which the counter-notice relates is a valid notice. (5)If the Tribunal upholds the objection, but only on the grounds mentioned in section 194(2)(c) of this Act, the Tribunal shall declare that the notice is a valid notice in relation to the part of the hereditament or (in the case of an agricultural unit) of the affected area specified in the counter-notice as being the part which the appropriate authority propose to acquire as therein mentioned, but not in relation to any other part of the hereditament or affected ,area. (6)In any case falling within subsection (4) or subsection (5) of this section, the Tribunal shall give directions specifying the date on which notice to treat (as mentioned in section 196 of this Act) is to be deemed to have been served. 196Effect of valid blight notice (1)Where a blight notice has been served, and either— (a)no counter-notice objecting to that notice is served in accordance with these provisions; or (b)where such a counter-notice has been served, the objection is withdrawn, or, on a reference to the Lands Tribunal, is not upheld by the Tribunal,the appropriate authority shall be deemed to be authorised to acquire compulsorily under the appropriate enactment the interest of the claimant in the hereditament, or (in the case of an agricultural unit) the interest of the claimant in so far as it subsists in the affected area, and to have served a notice to treat in respect thereof on the date mentioned in subsection (2) of this section. (2)The said date— (a)in a case where, on a reference to the Lands Tribunal, the Tribunal determines not to uphold the objection, is the date specified in directions given by the Tribunal in accordance with section 195(6) of this Act; (b)in any other case, is the date on which the period of two months beginning with the date of service of the blight notice comes to an end. (3)Where the appropriate authority have served a counter-notice objecting to a blight notice on the grounds mentioned in section 194(2)(c) of this Act, then if either— (a)the claimant, without referring that objection to the Lands Tribunal, and before the time for so referring it has expired, gives notice to the appropriate authority that he accepts the proposal of the authority to acquire the part of the hereditament or affected area specified in the counter-notice, and withdraws his claim as to the remainder of that hereditament or area ; or (b)on a reference to the Lands Tribunal, the Tribunal makes a declaration in accordance with section 195(5) of this Act in respect of that part of the hereditament or affected area,the appropriate authority shall be deemed to be authorised to acquire compulsorily under the appropriate enactment the interest of the claimant in so far as it subsists in the part of the hereditament or affected area specified in the counter-notice (but not in so far as it subsists in any other part of that hereditament or area) and to have served a notice to treat in respect thereof on the date mentioned in subsection (4) of this section. (4)The said date— (a)in a case falling within paragraph (a) of subsection (3) of this section, is the date on which notice is given in accordance with that paragraph; and (b)in a case falling within paragraph (b) of that subsection, is the date specified in directions given by the Lands Tribunal in accordance with section 195(6) of this Act. 197Compensation for compulsory purchase of historic buildings and of land in clearance areas Where an interest in land is acquired in pursuance of a blight notice and the interest is one (a)in respect of which a compulsory purchase order is in force under section 1 of the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 (as applied by section 114 of this Act) containing a direction for minimum compensation under section 117 of this Act; (b)in respect of which a compulsory purchase order is in force under Part III of the Housing Act 1957;the compensation payable for the acquisition shall, in a case falling within paragraph (a) of this section, be assessed in accordance with the direction mentioned in that paragraph and, in a case falling with paragraph (b) of this section, be assessed in accordance with Part III of the said Act of 1957, in either case as if the notice to treat deemed to have been served in respect of the interest under section 196 of this Act had been served in pursuance of the compulsory purchase order. 198Withdrawal of blight notice (1)Subject to subsection (2) of this section, the person by whom a blight notice has been served may withdraw the notice at any time before the compensation payable in respect of a compulsory acquisition in pursuance of the notice has been determined by the Lands Tribunal, or at any time before the end of the period of six weeks beginning with the date on which the compensation is so determined; and, where such a notice is withdrawn by virtue of this subsection, any notice to treat deemed to have been served in consequence thereof shall be deemed to have been withdrawn. (2)A person shall not be entitled by virtue of subsection (1) of this section to withdraw a notice after the appropriate authority have exercised a right of entering and taking possession of land in pursuance of a notice to treat deemed to have been served in consequence of that notice. (3)No compensation shall be payable in respect of the withdrawal of a notice to treat which is deemed to have been withdrawn by virtue of subsection (1) of this section. 199Effect on powers of compulsory acquisition of counter-notice disclaiming intention to acquire (1)The provisions of subsection (2) of this section shall have effect where the grounds of objection specified in a counter-notice served under section 194 of this Act consist of or include the grounds mentioned in paragraph (b) or (d) of subsection (2) of that section, and either— (a)the objection on the grounds mentioned in that paragraph is referred to and upheld by the Lands Tribunal; or (b)the time for referring that objection to the Lands Tribunal expires without its having been so referred. (2)If a compulsory purchase order has been made under the appropriate enactment in respect of land which consists of or includes the whole or part of the hereditament or agricultural unit to which the counter-notice relates, or if the land in question falls within section 192(1)(i) of this Act, any power conferred by that order, or by special enactment, as the case may be, for the compulsory acquisition of the interest of the claimant in the hereditament or agricultural unit or any part thereof shall cease to have effect. (3)The provisions of subsection (4) of this section shall have effect where the grounds of objection specified in a counter-notice under section 194 of this Act consist of or include the grounds mentioned in paragraph (c) of subsection (2) of that section, and either— (a)the objection on the grounds mentioned in that paragraph is referred to and upheld by the Lands Tribunal; or (b)the time for referring that objection to the Lands Tribunal expires without its having been so referred;and in subsection (4) of this section any reference to " the part of the hereditament or affected area not required" is a reference to the whole of that hereditament or area except the part specified in the counter-notice as being the part which the appropriate authority propose to acquire as mentioned in the counter-notice. (4)If a compulsory purchase order has been made under the appropriate enactment in respect of land which consists of or includes any of the part of the hereditament or affected area not required, or if the land in question falls within section 192(1)(i) of this Act, any power conferred by that order, or by the special enactment, as the case may be, for the compulsory acquisition of the interest of the claimant in any land comprised in the part of the hereditament or affected area not required shall cease to have effect. 200Death of claimant after service of blight notice (1)In relation to any time after the death of a person who has served a blight notice, the provisions mentioned in subsection (2) of this section shall apply as if any reference therein to the claimant were a reference to the claimant's personal representatives. (2)The said provisions are sections 194(11, 195(1) and 196(3) of this Act. 201Power of mortgagee to serve blight notice (1)Where the whole or part of a hereditament or agricultural unit is comprised in land falling within any of the specified descriptions and a person claims that— (a)he is entitled as mortgagee (by virtue of a power which has become exercisable) to sell an interest in the hereditament or unit, giving immediate vacant possession of the land; and (b)since the relevant date (within the meaning of section 193 of this Act) he has made reasonable endeavours to sell that interest; and (c)he has been unable to sell it except at a price substantially lower than that for which it might reasonably have been expected to sell if no part of the hereditament or unit were comprised in land of any of the said descriptions,then, subject to the provisions of this section, he may serve on the appropriate authority a notice in the prescribed form requiring that authority to purchase that interest to the extent specified in, and otherwise in accordance with, these provisions. (2)Subsection (1) of this section shall apply in relation to an interest in part of a hereditament or agricultural unit as it applies in relation to an interest in the entirety of a hereditament or agricultural unit:Provided that this subsection shall not enable a person— (a)if his interest as mortgagee is in the entirety of a hereditament or agricultural unit, to make any claim or serve any notice under this section in respect of any interest in part of the hereditament or unit; or (b)if his interest as mortgagee is only in part of a hereditament or agricultural unit, to make or serve any such notice Or claim in respect of any interest in less than the entirety of that part. (3)Notice under this section shall not be served unless one or other of the following conditions is satisfied with regard to the interest which the mortgagee claims he has the power to sell— (a)the interest could be the subject of a notice under section 193 of this Act served by the person entitled thereto on the date of service of the notice under this section; or (b)the interest could have been the subject of such a notice served by that person on a date not more than six months before the date of service of the notice under this section. (4)No notice under this section shall be served in respect of a hereditament or agricultural unit, or any part of a hereditament or agricultural unit, at a time when a notice already served under section 193 of this Act is outstanding with respect to the hereditament, unit or part; and no notice shall be so served under that section at a time when a notice already served under this section is so outstanding. (5)For the purposes of subsection (4) of this section, a notice served under this section or section 193 of this Act shall be treated as outstanding with respect to a hereditament or agricultural unit, or to part of a hereditament or agricultural unit, until— (a)it is withdrawn in relation to the hereditament, unit or part; or (b)an objection to the notice having been made by a counter-notice under section 194 of this Act, either— (i)the period of two months specified in section 195 of this Act elapses without the claimant having required the objection to be referred to the Lands Tribunal under that section; or (ii)the objection, having been so referred to the Lands Tribunal, is upheld by the Tribunal with respect to the hereditament, unit or part. (6)The grounds on which objection may be made in a counter-notice under section 194 of this Act to a notice under this section are those specified in paragraphs (a) to (c) of subsection (2) of that section and, in a case to which it applies, the grounds specified in paragraph (d) of that subsection and also the following grounds— (a)that, on the date of service of the notice under this section, the claimant had no interest as mortgagee in any part of the hereditament or agricultural unit . to which the notice relates ; (b)that (for reasons specified in the counter-notice) the claimant had not on that date the power referred to in subsection (1)(a) of this section; (c)that the conditions specified in subsection (1)(b) and (c) of this section are not fulfilled ; (d)that (for reasons specified in the counter-notice) neither of the conditions specified in subsection (3) of this section was, on the date of service of the notice under this section, satisfied with regard to the interest referred to in that subsection. 202Saving for claimant's right to sell whole hereditament, etc. (1)The provisions of sections 194(2)(c), 195(5), 196(3) and 199(3) and (4) of this Act relating to hereditaments shall not affect the right of a claimant under section 92 of the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act 1845 to sell the whole of the hereditament, or (in the case of an agricultural unit) the whole of the affected area, which he has required the authority to purchase. (2)The said provisions shall not affect the right of a claimant under section 8 of the Compulsory Purchase Act 1965 to sell (unless the Lands Tribunal otherwise determines) the whole of the hereditament, or (in the case of an agricultural unit) the whole of the affected area, which he has required the authority to purchase; and accordingly in determining whether or not to uphold an objection relating to a hereditament on the grounds mentioned in section 194(2)(c) of this Act the Tribunal shall consider (in addition to the other matters which they are required to consider) whether— (a)in the case of a house, building or manufactory, the part proposed to be acquired can be taken without material detriment to the house, building or manufactory ; or (b)in the case of a park or garden belonging to a house, the part proposed to be acquired can be taken without seriously affecting the amenity or convenience of the house. 203Meaning of "owner-occupier" and "resident owner-occupier" (1)Subject to the following provisions of this section, in these provisions " owner-occupier", in relation to a hereditament, means a person who— (a)occupies the whole or a substantial part of the hereditament in right of an owner's interest therein, and has so occupied the hereditament or that part thereof during the whole of the period of six months ending with the date of service ; or (b)occupied, in right of an owner's interest, the whole or a substantial part of the hereditament during the whole of a period of six months ending not more than twelve months before the date of service, the hereditament, or that part thereof, as the case may be, having been unoccupied since the end of that period. (2)Subject to the following provisions of this section, in these provisions " owner-occupier", in relation to an agricultural unit, means a person who— (a)occupies the whole of that unit, and has occupied it during the whole of the period of six months ending with the date of service ; or (b)occupied the whole of that unit during the whole of a period of six months ending not more than twelve months before the date of service,and, at all times material for the purposes of paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of this subsection, as the case may be, has been entitled to an owner's interest in the whole or part of that unit. (3)In these provisions " resident owner-occupier", in relation to a hereditament, means an individual who— (a)occupies the whole or a substantial part of the hereditament as a private dwelling in right of an owner's interest therein, and has so occupied the hereditament or that part thereof, as the case may be, during the whole of the period of six months ending with the date of service ; or (b)occupied, in right of an owner's interest, the whole ora substantial part of the hereditament as a private dwelling during the whole of a period of six months ending not more than twelve months before the date of service, the hereditament, or that part thereof, as the case may be, having been unoccupied since the end of that period. (4)In this section "owner's interest", in relation to a hereditament or agricultural unit, means a freehold interest therein or a tenancy thereof granted or extended for a term of years certain of which, on the date of service, not less than three years remain unexpired; and "date of service", in relation to a hereditament or agricultural unit, means the date of service of a notice in respect thereof under section 193 of this Act. 204Special provisions as to partnerships (1)The provisions of this section shall have effect for the purposes of the application of these provisions to a hereditament or agricultural unit occupied for the purposes of a partnership firm. (2)Occupation for the purposes of the firm shall be treated as occupation by the firm, and not as occupation by any one or more of the partners individually, and the definitions of " owner-occupier" in section 203(1) and (2) of this Act shall apply in relation to the firm accordingly. (3)If, after the service by the firm of a blight notice, any change occurs (whether by death or otherwise) in the constitution of the firm, any proceedings, rights or obligations consequential upon that notice may be carried on or exercised by or against, or (as the case may be) shall be incumbent upon, the partners for the time being constituting the firm. (4)Nothing in this section or elsewhere in these provisions shall be construed as indicating an intention to exclude the operation of section 19 of the Interpretation Act 1889 (whereby, unless the contrary intention appears, "person" includes any body of persons corporate or unincorporate) in relation to any of these provisions. (5)Subsection (2) of this section shall not affect the definition of "resident owner-occupier" in section 203(3) of this Act. 205"Appropriate authority" for purposes of these provisions (1)Subject to the following provisions of this section, in these provisions " the appropriate authority ", in relation to any land, means the government department, local authority or other body by whom, in accordance with the circumstances by virtue of which the land falls within any of the specified descriptions, the land is liable to be acquired or is indicated as being proposed to be acquired or, as the case may be, any right over the land is proposed to be acquired. (2)If any question arises— (a)whether the appropriate authority in relation to any land for the purpose of these provisions is the Secretary of State or a local highway authority; or (b)which of two or more local highway authorities is the appropriate authority in relation to any land for those purposes; or (c)which of two or more local authorities is the appropriate authority in relation to any land for those purposes,that question shall be referred to the Secretary of State, whose decision shall be final. (3)If any question arises which authority is the appropriate authority for the purposes of these provisions— (a)section 194(1) of this Act shall have effect as if the reference to the date of service of the blight notice were a reference to that date or the date on which that question is determined, whichever is the later; (b)section 201(3)(b) of this Act shall apply with the substitution for the period of six months of a reference to that period extended by so long as it takes to obtain a determination of the question ; and (c)section 203(1)(b), (2)(b) and (3)(b) of this Act shall apply with the substitution for the reference to twelve months before the date of service of a reference to that period extended by so long as it takes to obtain a determination of the question. 206"Appropriate enactment"for purposes of these provisions (1)Subject to the following provisions of this section, in these provisions " the appropriate enactment", in relation to land falling within any of the specified descriptions, means the enactment which provides for the compulsory acquisition of land as being land falling within that description or, as respects the description contained in paragraph (g) of section 192(1) of this Act, the enactment under which the compulsory purchase order referred to in that paragraph was made. (2)In relation to land falling within the description contained in section 192(1)(b) of this Act an enactment shall, for the purposes of subsection (1) of this section be taken to be an enactment which provides for the compulsory acquisition of land as being land falling within that description if— (a)the enactment provides for the compulsory acquisition of land for the purposes of the functions which are indicated in the development plan as being the functions for the purposes of which the land is allocated or is proposed to be developed; or (b)where no particular functions are so indicated in the development plan, the enactment provides for the compulsory acquisition of land for the purposes of any of the functions of the government department, local authority or other body for the purposes of whose functions the land is allocated or is defined as the site of proposed development. (3)Where, in accordance with the circumstances by virtue of which any land falls within any of the specified descriptions, it is indicated that the land is proposed to be acquired for highway purposes, any enactment under which a highway authority are or (subject to the fulfilment of the relevant conditions) could be authorised to acquire that land compulsorily for highway purposes shall, for the purposes of subsection (1) of this section, be taken to be an enactment providing for the compulsory acquisition of that land as being land falling within the description in question. (4)In subsection (3) of this section the reference to the fulfilment of the relevant conditions is a reference to such one or more of the following as are applicable to the circumstances in question, that is to say— (a)the coming into operation of any requisite order under the provisions of Part II of the Highways Act 1959 relating to trunk roads; (b)the coming into operation of any requisite scheme or order under the provisions of the said Part II relating to special roads; (c)the coming into operation of the requisite scheme under section 3 of the Highways (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1961 ; (d)the coming into operation of the requisite order under section 1 of the Highways Act 1971 ; (e)the making or approval of any requisite plans. (5)If, apart from this subsection, two or more enactments would be the appropriate enactment in relation to any land for the purposes of these provisions/the appropriate enactment for those purposes shall be taken to be that one of those enactments under which, in the circumstances in question, it is most likely that (apart from these provisions) the land would have been acquired by the appropriate authority. (6)If any question arises as to which enactment is the appropriate enactment in relation to any land for the purposes of these provisions, that question shall be referred— (a)where the appropriate authority are a government department, to the Minister or Board in charge of that department; (b)where the appropriate authority are statutory under takers, to the appropriate Minister; and (c)in any other case, to the Secretary of State,and the decision of the Minister, Secretary of State or Board to whom a question is referred under this subsection shall be final. 207General interpretation of these provisions (1)Subject to the following provisions of this section, in these provisions the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them respectively, that is to say:— " the affected area ", in relation to an agricultural unit, means so much of that unit as, on the date of service, consists of land falling within any of the specified descriptions; " agricultural unit "means land which is occupied as a unit for agricultural purposes, including any dwellinghouse or other building occupied by the same person for the purpose of farming the land; " annual value ", in relation to a hereditament, means the value which, on the date of service, is shown in the valuation list as the rateable value of that hereditament, except that, where the rateable value differs from the net annual value, it means the value which on that date is shown in the valuation list as the net annual value thereof; " the claimant" has the meaning assigned to it by section 193(4) of this Act; " hereditament" means the aggregate of the land which forms the subject of a single entry in the valuation list for the time being in force for a rating area; " highway land acquisition powers " means powers in respect of the acquisition of land which are exercisable by a highway authority under section 214, 215, 218, 219, 220 or 221 of the Highways Act 1959 or under section 44 or 47(3) of the Highways Act 1971; "special enactment" means a local enactment, or a provision contained in an Act other than a local or private Act, being a local enactment or provision authorising the compulsory acquisition of land specifically identified therein; and in this definition " local enactment" means a local or private Act, or an order confirmed by Parliament or brought into operation in accordance with special parliamentary procedure; "these provisions", "the specified descriptions" and " blight notice " have the meanings assigned to them respectively by section 192(6) of this Act. (2)Where any land is on the boundary between two or more rating areas, and accordingly— (a)different parts of that land form the subject of single entries in the valuation lists for the time being in force for those areas respectively; but (b)if the whole of that land had been in one of those areas, it would have formed the subject of a single entry in the valuation list for that area,the whole of that land shall be treated, for the purposes of the definition of " hereditament" in subsection (1) of this section, as if it formed the subject of a single entry in the valuation list for a rating area. (3)Land which forms the subject of an entry in the valuation list by reason only that it is land over which any shooting, fishing or other sporting rights are exercisable, or that it is land over which a right of exhibiting advertisements is let out or reserved, shall not be taken to be a hereditament within the said definition (4)Where, in accordance with subsection (2) of this section, land whereof different parts form the subject of single entries in the valuation lists for the time being in force for two or more rating areas is treated as if it formed the subject of a single entry in the valuation list for a rating area, the definition of " annual value " in subsection (1) of this section shall apply as if any reference therein to a value shown in the valuation list were a reference to the aggregate of the values shown (as, rateable values or as net annual values, as the case may be) in those valuation lists in relation to the different parts of that land. (5)In this section " date of service " has the same meaning as in section 203 of this Act. Supplementary provisions 208No withdrawal of constructive notice to treat Without prejudice to the provisions of section 198(1) of this Act, the power conferred by section 31 of the Land Compensation Act 1961 to withdraw a notice to treat shall not be exercisable in the case of a notice to treat which is deemed to have been served by virtue of any of the provisions of this Part of this Act. Part X Highways Stopping up and diversion of highways 209Highways affected by development: orders by Secretary of State (1)The Secretary of State may by order authorise the stopping up or diversion of any highway if he is satisfied that it is necessary to do so in order to enable development to be carried out in accordance with planning permission granted under Part III of this Act, or to be carried out by a government department. (2)Any order under this section may make such provision as appears to the Secretary of State to be necessary or expedient for the provision or improvement of any other highway, and may direct— (a)that any highway so provided or improved shall for the purposes of the Highways Act 1959 be a highway maintainable at the public expense; (b)that the Secretary of State, or any local authority specified in that behalf in the order, shall be the highway authority for that highway; (c)in the case of a highway for which the Secretary of State is to be the highway authority, that the highway shall, on such date as may be specified in the order, become a trunk road within the meaning of the Highways Act 1959. (3)Any order made under this section may contain such incidental and consequential provisions as appear to the Secretary of State to be necessary or expedient, including in particular— (a)provision for authorising the Secretary of State, or requiring any other authority or person specified in the order— (i)to pay, or to make contributions in respect of, the cost of doing any work provided for by the order or any increased expenditure to be incurred which is attributable to the doing of any such work; or (ii)to repay, or to make contributions in respect of, any compensation paid by the highway authority in respect of restrictions imposed under section 1 or 2 of the Restriction of Ribbon Development Act 1935 in relation to any highway stopped up or diverted under the order; (b)provision for the preservation of any rights of statutory undertakers in respect of any apparatus of theirs which immediately before the date of the order is underpin, on, over, along or across the highway to which the order relates. (4)An order may be made under this section authorising the stopping up or diversion of any highway which is temporarily stopped up or diverted under any other enactment. (5)The provisions of this section shall have effect without prejudice to— (a)any power conferred on the Secretary of State by any other enactment to authorise the stopping up or diversion of a highway; (b)the provisions of section 3 of the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946; or (c)the provisions of section 214(1)(a) of this Act. 210Footpaths and bridleways affected by development: orders by local planning authorities, etc. (1)Subject to section 217 of this Act, a competent authority may by order authorise the stopping up or diversion of any footpath or bridleway if they are satisfied as mentioned in section 209(1) of this Act. (2)An order under this section may, if the competent authority are satisfied that it should do so, provide— (a)for the creation of an alternative highway for use as a replacement for the one authorised by the order to be stopped up or diverted, or for the improvement of an existing highway for such use; (b)for authorising or requiring works to be carried out in relation to any footpath or bridleway for whose stopping up or diversion, creation or improvement, provision is made by the order; (c)for the preservation of any rights of statutory under takers in respect of apparatus of theirs which immediately before the date of the order is under, in, on, over, along or across any such footpath or bridleway; (d)for requiring any person named in the order to pay, or make contributions in respect of, the cost of carrying out any such works. (3)An order may be made under this section authorising the stopping up or diversion of a footpath or bridleway which is temporarily stopped up or diverted under any other enactment. (4)The competent authorities for the purposes of this section are— (a)the local planning authority; and (b)in relation to development for which planning permission was granted by another authority to whom had been delegated the power of granting it, that other authority. 211Highways crossing or entering route of proposed new highway, etc. (1)If planning permission is granted under Part III of this Act for constructing or improving, or the Secretary of State proposes to construct or improve, a highway (hereafter in this section referred to as " the main highway "), the Secretary of State may by order authorise the stopping up or diversion of any other highway which crosses or enters the route of the main highway or which is, or will be, otherwise affected by the construction or improvement of the main highway, if it appears to the Secretary of State expedient to do so— (a)in the interests of the safety of users of the main highway; or (b)to facilitate the movement of traffic on the main highway. (2)Subsections (2) to (5) of section 209 of this Act shall apply to an order under this section as they apply to an order under that section. Conversion of highway into footpath or bridleway 212Order extinguishing right to use vehicles on highway (1)The provisions of this section shall have effect where a local planning authority by resolution adopt a proposal for improving the amenity of part of their area, being a proposal which involves a highway in that area (being a highway over which the public have a right of way with vehicles, but not a trunk road or a road classified as a principal road for the purposes of advances under section 235 of the Highways Act 1959) being changed to a footpath or bridleway. (2)The Secretary of State may, on an application made by the local planning authority after consultation with the highway authority (if different), by order provide for the extinguishment of any right which persons may have to use vehicles on that highway. (3)An order made under subsection (2) of this section may include such provision as the Secretary of State (after consultation with the highway authority) thinks fit for permitting the use on the highway of vehicles (whether mechanically propelled or not) in such cases as may be specified in the order, notwithstanding the extinguishment of any such right as is mentioned in that subsection; and any such provision may be framed by reference to particular descriptions of vehicles, or to particular persons by whom, or on whose authority, vehicles may be used, or to the circumstances in which, or the times at which, vehicles may be used for particular purposes. (4)No provision contained in, or having effect under, any enactment, being a provision prohibiting or restricting the use of footpaths, footways or bridleways shall affect any use of a vehicle on a highway in relation to which an order made under subsection (2) of this section has effect, where the use is permitted in accordance with provisions of the order included by virtue of subsection (3) of this section. (5)Any person who, at the time of an order under subsection (2) of this section coming into force, has an interest in land having lawful access to a highway to which the order relates shall be entitled to be compensated by the local planning authority in respect of any depreciation in the value of his interest which is directly attributable to the order and of any other loss or damage which is so attributable. In this subsection " lawful access " means access authorised by planning permission granted under this Act, the Act of 1947 or the Act of 1962, or access in respect of which no such permission is necessary. (6)A claim for compensation under subsection (5) of this section shall be made to the local planning authority within the time and in the manner prescribed by regulations under this Act. (7)Sections 178 and 179 of this Act shall have effect in relation to compensation under subsection (5) of this section as they have effect in relation to compensation to which those sections apply. (8)Without prejudice to section 287(3) of this Act, the Secretary of State may, on an application made by the local planning authority after consultation with the highway authority (if different) by order revoke an order made by him in relation to a highway under subsection (2) of this section; and the effect of the order shall be to reinstate any right to use vehicles on the highway, being a right which was extinguished by virtue of the order under that subsection. (9)Subsections (2), (3) and (5) of section 209 of this Act shall apply to an order under this section as they apply to an order under that section. 213Provision of amenity for highway reserved to pedestrians (1)Where in relation to a highway an order has been made under section 212(2) of this Act, a competent authority may carry out and maintain any such works on or in the highway, or place on or in it any such objects or structures, as appear to them to be expedient for the purposes of giving effect to the order or of enhancing the amenity of the highway and its immediate surroundings or to be otherwise desirable for a purpose beneficial to the public. (2)The powers exercisable by a competent authority under this section shall extend to laying out any part of the highway with lawns, trees, shrubs and flower-beds and to providing facilities for recreation or refreshment (3)A competent authority may so exercise their powers under this section as to restrict the access of the public to any part of the highway, but shall not so exercise them as— (a)to prevent persons from entering the highway at any place where they could enter it before the order under section 212 of this Act was made; or (b)to prevent the passage of the public along the highway; or (c)to prevent normal access by pedestrians to premises adjoining the highway; or (d)to prevent any use of vehicles which is permitted by an order made under the said section 212 and applying to the highway; or (e)to prevent statutory undertakers from having access to any works of theirs underpin, on, over, along or across the highway. (4)An order under section 212(8) of this Act may make provision requiring the removal of any obstruction of the highway resulting from the exercise by a competent authority of their powers under this section. (5)The competent authorities for the purposes of this section are— (a)the councils of counties, county boroughs and county districts; and (b)in Greater London, the Greater London Council and the councils of London boroughs;but such an authority shall not exercise any powers conferred by this section unless they have obtained the consent of the local planning authority and the highway authority (in a case where they are themselves not that authority). Extinguishment of rights of way 214Extinguishment of public rights of way over land held for planning purposes (1)Where any land has been acquired or appropriated for planning purposes and is for the time being held by a local authority for the purposes for which it was acquired or appropriated— (a)the Secretary of State may by order extinguish any public right of way over the land if he is satisfied that an alternative right of way has been or will be provided or that the provision of an alternative right of way is not required; (b)subject to section 217 of this Act, the local authority may by order extinguish any such right over the land, being a footpath or bridleway, if they are satisfied as aforesaid. (2)In this section any reference to the acquisition or appropriation of land for planning purposes shall be construed in accordance with section 133(1) of this Act as if this section were in Part VI of this Act. Procedure for making and confirming orders 215Procedure for making of orders by Secretary of State (1)Before making an order under section 209, 211, 212 or 214(1)(a) of this Act the Secretary of State shall publish in at least one local newspaper circulating in the relevant area, and in the London Gazette, a notice— (a)stating the general effect of the order; (b)specifying a place in the relevant area where a copy of the draft order and of any relevant map or plan may be inspected by any person free of charge at all reasonable hours during a period of twenty-eight days from the date of the publication of the notice; and (c)stating that, within that period, any person may by notice to the Secretary of State object to the making of the order. (2)Not later than the date on which that notice is so published, the Secretary of State— (a)shall serve a copy of the notice, together with a copy of the draft order and of any relevant map or plan, on every local authority in whose area any highway or, as the case may be, any land to which the order relates is situated, and on any water, hydraulic power, gas or electricity undertakers having any cables, mains, pipes or wires laid along, across, under or over any highway to be stopped up or diverted or, as the case may be, any land over which a right of way is to be extinguished, under the order; and (b)shall cause a copy of the notice to be displayed in a prominent position at the ends of so much of any highway as is proposed to be stopped up or diverted or, as file case may be, of the right of way proposed to be extinguished under the order. (3)If before the end of the said period of twenty-eight days an objection is received by the Secretary of State from any local authority or undertakers on whom a notice is required to be served under subsection (2) of this section, or from any other person appearing to him to be affected by the order, and the objection is not withdrawn, the Secretary of State shall cause a local inquiry to be held:Provided that, if the objection is made by a person other than such a local authority or undertakers, the Secretary of State may dispense with such an inquiry if he is satisfied that in the special circumstances of the case the holding of such an inquiry is unnecessary. (4)Subsections (2) to (5) of section 290 of the Local Government Act 1933 (evidence and costs at local inquiries) shall apply in relation to an inquiry caused to be held by the Secretary of State under subsection (3) of this section as they apply in relation to an inquiry caused to be held by a department under subsection (1) of the said section 290, with the substitution for the references to a department of references to the Secretary of State. (5)After considering any objections to the order which are not withdrawn, and, where a local inquiry is held, the report of the person who held the inquiry, the Secretary of State (subject to subsection (6) of this section) may make the order either without modification or subject to such modifications as he thinks fit. (6)Where the order contains a provision requiring any such payment, repayment or contribution as is mentioned in section 209(3)(a) of this Act, and objection to that provision is duly made, in accordance with subsection (3) of this section, by an authority or person who would be required thereby to make such a payment, repayment or contribution, and the objection is not withdrawn, the order shall be subject to special parliamentary procedure. (7)Immediately after the order has been made, the Secretary of State shall publish, in the manner specified in subsection (1) of this section, a notice stating that the order has been made, and naming a place where a copy of the order may be seen at all reasonable hours; and the provisions of subsection (2) of this section shall have effect in relation to any such notice as they have effect in relation to a notice under subsection (1) of this section. (8)In this section "the relevant area", in relation to an order, means the area in which any highway or land to which the order relates is situated, and " local authority " means the council of a county, county borough, county district or parish, or of a borough included in a rural district, the Greater London Council, the council of a London borough, and the parish meeting of a rural parish not having a separate parish council. 216Procedure in anticipation of planning permission, etc. (1)Where the Secretary of State would, if planning permission for any development had been granted under Part III of this Act, have power to make an order under section 209 or 211 of this Act authorising the stopping-up or diversion of a highway in order to enable that development to be carried out, then, notwithstanding that such permission has not been granted, the Secretary of State may, in the circumstances specified in subsections (2) to (4) of this section, publish notice of the draft of such an order in accordance with section 215 of this Act. (2)The Secretary of State may publish such a notice as aforesaid where the relevant development is the subject of an application for planning permission and either— (a)that application is made by a local authority or statutory undertakers or the National Coal Board; or (b)that application stands referred to the Secretary of State in pursuance of a direction under section 35 of this Act; or (c)the applicant has appealed to the Secretary of State under section 36 of this Act against a refusal of planning permission or of approval required under a development order, or against a condition of any such permission or approval. (3)The Secretary of State may publish such a notice as aforesaid where— (a)the relevant development is to be carried out by a local authority, statutory undertakers or the National Coal Board and requires, by virtue of an enactment, the authorisation of a government department; and (b)the developers have made application to the department for that authorisation and also requested a direction under section 40 of this Act or, in the case of the National Coal Board, under section 2 of the Opencast Coal Act 1958, that planning permission be deemed to be granted for that development. (4)The Secretary of State may publish such a notice as aforesaid where the council of a county or county borough, the Greater London Council, the council of a London borough, a joint planning board, or the Inner London Education Authority certify that they have begun to take such steps, in accordance with regulations made by virtue of section 270 of this Act, as are requisite in order to enable them to obtain planning permission for the relevant development. (5)Section 215(5) of this Act shall not be construed as authorising the Secretary of State to make an order under section 209 or 211 of this Act of which notice has been published by virtue of subsection (1) of this section until planning permission is granted for the development which occasions the making of the order. 217Confirmation of orders made by other authorities (1)An order made under section 210 or 214(1)(b) of this Act shall not take effect unless confirmed by the Secretary of State, or unless confirmed, as an unopposed order, by the authority who made it. (2)The Secretary of State shall not confirm any such order unless satisfied as to every matter of which the authority making the order are required under section 210 or 214(1)(b) (as the case may be) to be satisfied. (3)The time specified— (a)in an order under section 210 as the time from which a footpath or bridleway is to be stopped up or diverted ; or (b)in an order under section 214(1)(b) as the time from which a right of way is to be extinguished,shall not be earlier than confirmation of the order. (4)Schedule 20 to this Act shall have effect with respect to the confirmation of orders under section 210 or 214(1)(b) of this Act and the publicity for such orders after they are confirmed. Supplementary provisions 218Compulsory acquisition of land in connection with highways (1)The Secretary of State or a local highway authority may be authorised to acquire land compulsorily— (a)for the purpose of providing or improving any highway which is to be provided or improved in pursuance of an order under section 209, 211 or 212 of this Act or for any other purpose for which land is required in connection with such an order; or (b)for the purpose of providing any public right of way which is to be provided as an alternative to a right of way extinguished under 214(1)(a) of this Act. (2)The Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 shall apply to the acquisition of land under this section, and accordingly shall have effect— (a)as if this section had been in force immediately before the commencement of that Act; and (b)as if this section were included among the enactments specified in section 1(1)(b) of that Act 219Concurrent proceedings in connection with highways (1)In relation to orders under sections 209, 211 and 212 of this Act, regulations made under this Act may make provision for securing that any proceedings required to be taken for the purposes of the acquisition of land under section 218 of this Act (as mentioned in subsection (1)(a) of that section) may be taken concurrently with any proceedings required to be taken for the purposes of the order. (2)In relation to orders under section 214(1)(a) of this Act, regulations made under this Act may make provision for securing— (a)that any proceedings required to be taken for the purposes of such an order may be taken concurrently with any proceedings required to be taken for the purposes of the acquisition of the land over which the right of way is to be extinguished; or (b)that any proceedings required to be taken for the purposes of the acquisition of any other land under section 218 of this Act (as mentioned in subsection (1)(b) of that section) may be taken concurrently with either or both of the proceedings referred to in the preceding paragraph. 220Provisions as to telegraphic lines (1)Where in pursuance of an order under section 209, 211 or 212 of this Act a highway is stopped up or diverted, and, immediately before the date on which the order became operative, there was under, in, on, over, along or across the highway a telegraphic line belonging to or used by the Post Office, the Post Office shall have the same powers in respect of that line as if the order had not become operative:Provided that if any person entitled to land over which the highway subsisted requires that the telegraphic line should be altered, paragraphs (1) to (8) of section 7 of the Telegraph Act 1878 shall apply to the alteration, and accordingly shall have effect, subject to any necessary modifications, as if references therein to undertakers included references to the person so requiring the line to be altered. (2)Where any such order provides for the improvement of a highway, other than a trunk road, and, immediately before the date on which the order became operative, there was under, in, on, over, along or across the highway a telegraphic line belonging to or used by the Post Office, then if the local highway authority require that that line should be altered, paragraphs (1) to (8) of the said section 7 shall apply to the alteration, and accordingly shall have effect, subject to any necessary modifications, as if references therein to undertakers included references to the local highway authority:Provided that those paragraphs shall not apply by virtue of this subsection to the alteration of a telegraphic line for the purpose of the authority's works as defined in Part II of the Public Utilities Street Works Act 1950. (3)Where an order under section 214(1)(a) of this Act extinguishing a public right of way is made on the application of a local authority, and at the time of the publication of the notice required by section 215(1) of this Act there was under, in, on, over, along or across the land over which the right of way subsisted a telegraphic line belonging to or used by the Post Office— (a)the power of the Post Office to remove the line shall, notwithstanding the making of the order, be exercisable at any time not later than the end of the period of three months from the date on which the right of way is extinguished, and shall be exercisable in respect of the whole or any part of the line after the end of that period if before the end of that period the Post Office has given notice to the local authority of its intention to remove the line or that part thereof, as the case may be; (b)the Post Office may by notice given in that behalf to the local authority not later than the end of the said period of three months abandon the telegraphic line or any part thereof; (c)subject to paragraph (b) of this subsection, the Post Office shall be deemed at the end of that period to have abandoned any part of the line which it has then neither removed nor given notice of its intention to remove; (d)the Post Office shall be entitled to recover from the local authority the expense of providing, in substitution for the line and any telegraphic line connected therewith which is rendered useless in consequence of the removal or abandonment of the fine, a telegraphic line in such other place as the Post Office may require ; (e)where under the preceding provisions of this subsection the Post Office has abandoned the whole or any part of a telegraphic line, it shall vest in the local authority, and the provisions of the Telegraph Acts 1863 to 1916 shall not apply in relation to the line or that part thereof with respect to anything done or omitted after the abandonment thereof. (4)As soon as practicable after the making of an order under section 214(1)(a) of this Act extinguishing a public right of way in circumstances in which subsection (3) of this section applies, the Secretary of State shall give notice to the Post Office of the making of the order. (5)In this section " telegraphic line " and " alter " have the same meanings as in the Telegraph Act 1878. 221Application of s.32 of Mineral Workings Act 1951 to orders under Part X (1)In subsections (1) and (2) of section 32 of the Mineral Workings Act 1951 (power of Ministers to make temporary order for stopping up or diversion of highway in connection with working of surface minerals)— (a)references to section 209 of this Act (except the reference to subsection (3) of that section) shall include references to section 210 of this Act; (b)the reference to the said subsection (3) shall include a reference to subsection (2) of the said section 210; and (c)references to the Secretary of State shall include references to a competent authority for the purposes of the said section 210. (2)In subsection (3) of the said section 32 (rights of statutory undertakers in respect of their apparatus where order is made under section 209 of this Act) the reference to section 209 of this Act shall include a reference to section 211 of this Act. (3)This section has effect in lieu of the amendments of the said section 32 made by sections 91(4) and 94(5) of the Act of 1968. Part XI Statutory Undertakers Preliminary 222Meaning of "operational land" In this Act "operational land" means, in relation to statutory undertakers— (a)land which is used for the purpose of carrying on then undertaking; and (b)land in which an interest is held for that purpose,not being land which, in respect of its nature and situation, is comparable rather with land in general than with land which is used, or in which interests are held, for the purpose of the carrying on of statutory undertakings. 223Cases in which land is to be treated as not being operational land (1)Where an interest in land is held by statutory undertakers for the purpose of carrying on their undertaking and— (a)the interest was acquired by them on or after 6th December 1968; or (b)it was held by them immediately before that date but the circumstances were then such that the land did not fall to be treated as operational land for the purposes of the Act of 1962,then subsection (2) of this section shall have effect for the purpose of determining whether the land is to be treated as operational land for the purposes of this Act and shall so have effect notwithstanding the definition of operational land in section 222 of this Act. (2)The land shall not be treated as operational land for the purposes of this Act unless one or both of the following conditions are satisfied with respect to it, namely— (a)there is, or at some time has been, in force with respect to the land a specific planning permission for its development and that development, if carried out, would involve or have involved the use of the land for the purpose of the carrying on of the statutory undertakers' undertaking; or (b)the undertakers' interest in the land was acquired by them as the result of a transfer under the provisions of the Transport Act 1968 from other statutory undertakers and the land was, immediately before transfer, operational land of those other undertakers. (3)A specific planning permission for the purpose of subsection (2) (a) of this section is a planning permission— (a)granted on an application in that behalf under Part III of this Act or the enactments previously in force and replaced by that Part of this Act; or (b)granted by provisions of a development order granting planning permission generally for development which has received specific parliamentary approval; or (c)granted by a special development order in respect of development specifically described in the order; or (d)deemed to be granted by virtue of a direction of a government department under section 40 of this Act, section 41 of the Act of 1962 or section 35 of the Act of 1947;and the reference in paragraph (b) of this subsection to development which has received specific parliamentary approval shall be construed as referring to development authorised by a local or private Act of Parliament or by an order approved by both Houses of Parliament or by an order which has been brought into operation in accordance with the provisions of the Statutory Orders (Special Procedure) Act 1945, being an Act or order which designates specifically both the nature of the development thereby authorised and the land upon which it may be carried out. 224Meaning of "the appropriate Minister" (1)In this Act " the appropriate Minister"— (a)in relation to statutory undertakers carrying on an under taking for the supply of electricity, gas or hydraulic power, means the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry; (b)in relation to statutory undertakers carrying on a light house undertaking, means the said Secretary of State or the Board of Trade ; (c)in relation to statutory undertakers carrying on an under taking for the supply of water, means, in the application of this Act to Wales, the Secretary of State for Wales; and (d)in relation to any other statutory undertakers, means the Secretary of State for the Environment. (2)This Act shall have effect as if references to the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister— (a)were references to the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister, if the appropriate Minister is not the one concerned as the Secretary of State; and (b)were references to the one concerned as the Secretary of State alone, if he is also the appropriate Minister;and similarly with references to a Minister and the appropriate Minister and with any provision requiring the Secretary of State to act jointly with the appropriate Minister. General provisions 225Applications for planning permission by statutory undertakers (1)Where— (a)an application for planning permission to develop land to which this subsection applies is made by statutory undertakers and is referred to the Secretary of State under Part III of this Act; or (b)an appeal is made to the Secretary of State under Part III of this Act from the decision on such an application ; or (c)such an application is deemed to be made under subsection (7) of section 88 of this Act on an appeal under that section by statutory undertakers,the application or appeal shall be dealt with by the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister. (2)Subsection (1) of this section applies— (a)to operational land ; and (b)to land in which the statutory undertakers hold, or propose to acquire, an interest with a view to its being used for the purpose of carrying on their undertaking where the planning permission, if granted on the application or appeal, would be for development involving the use of the land for that purpose. (3)An application for planning permission which is deemed to have been made by virtue of section 95(6) of this Act shall be determined by the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister. (4)Notwithstanding anything in Part III of this Act, planning permission to develop operational land of statutory undertakers shall not, except with their consent, be granted subject to conditions requiring that any buildings or works authorised by the permission shall be removed, or that any use of the land so authorised shall be discontinued, at the end of a specified period. (5)Subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act as to compensation, the provisions of this Act shall apply to an application which is dealt with under this section by the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister as if it had been dealt with by the Secretary of State. 226Development requiring authorisation of government department (1)Where the authorisation of a government department is required in respect of any development of operational land, then, except where that authorisation has been granted without any direction as to the grant of planning permission, the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister shall not be required to deal with an application for planning permission under section 225(1) of this Act. (2)The provisions of subsection (3) of section 40 of this Act shall have effect for the purposes of this section as they have effect for the purposes of that section. 227Revocation or modification of permission to develop operational land In relation to any planning permission, granted on the application of statutory undertakers, for the development of operational land, the provisions of Part III of this Act with respect to the revocation and modification of planning permission shall have effect as if, for any reference therein to the Secretary of State, there were substituted a reference to the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister. 228Order requiring discontinuance of use etc. of operational land The provisions of Part III of this Act with respect to the making of orders requiring the discontinuance of any use of land or imposing conditions on the continuance thereof, or requiring buildings or works on land to be altered or removed, shall have effect, in relation to operational land of statutory undertakers, as if, for any reference therein to the Secretary of State, there were substituted a reference to the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister. 229Acquisition of land of statutory undertakers (1)Notwithstanding anything in paragraph 10 of Schedule 1 to the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946, a compulsory purchase order to which this section applies may be confirmed or made without the appropriate Minister's certificate. (2)This section applies to any compulsory purchase order under this Act authorising the acquisition of land which has been acquired by statutory undertakers for the purposes of their undertaking. (3)Except where the appropriate Minister's certificate is given, a compulsory purchase order to which this section applies shall be of no effect unless it is confirmed or made by the appropriate Minister jointly with the Minister or Ministers who would apart from this subsection have power to make or confirm it. (4)In this section "the appropriate Minister's certificate" means such a certificate as is mentioned in paragraph 10 of Schedule 1 to the said Act of 1946. 230Extinguishment of rights of way, and rights as to apparatus, of statutory undertakers (1)Where any land has been acquired by a Minister, a local authority or statutory undertakers under Part VI of this Act or compulsorily under any other enactment, or has been appropriated by a local authority for planning purposes, and— (a)there subsists over that land a right vested in or belonging to statutory undertakers for the purpose of the carrying on of their undertaking, being a right of way or a right of laying down, erecting, continuing or maintaining apparatus on, under or over the land; or (b)there is on, under or over the land apparatus vested in or belonging to statutory undertakers for the purpose of the carrying on of their undertaking,the acquiring or appropriating authority, if satisfied that the extinguishment of the right or, as the case may be, the removal of the apparatus, is necessary for the purpose of carrying out any development with a view to which the land was acquired or appropriated, may serve on the statutory undertakers a notice stating that, at the end of the period of twenty-eight days from the date of service of the notice or such longer period as may be specified therein, the right will be extinguished or requiring that, before the end of such period as aforesaid, the apparatus shall be removed. (2)The statutory undertakers on whom a notice is served under subsection CD of this section may, before the end of the period of twenty-eight days from the service of the notice, serve a counter-notice on the acquiring or appropriating authority stating that they object to all or any of the provisions of the notice and specifying the grounds of their objection. (3)If no counter-notice is served under subsection (2) of this section— (a)any right to which the notice relates shall be extinguished at the end of the period specified in that behalf in the notice ; and (b)if, at the end of the period so specified in relation to any apparatus, any requirement of the notice as to the removal of the apparatus has not been complied with, the acquiring or appropriating authority may remove the apparatus and dispose of it in any way the authority may think fit. (4)If a counter-notice is served under subsection (2) of this section on a local authority or on statutory undertakers, the authority or undertakers may either withdraw the notice (without prejudice to the service of a further notice) or may apply to the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister for an order under this section embodying the provisions of the notice, with or without modification. (5)If a counter-notice is served under subsection (2) of this section on a Minister, he may withdraw the notice (without prejudice to the service of a further notice) or he and the appropriate Minister may make an order under this section embodying the provisions of the notice, with or without modification. (6)In this section any reference to the appropriation of land for planning purposes shall be construed in accordance with section 133(1) of this Act as if this section were in Part VI of this Act. 231Orders under s.230 (1)Where a Minister and the appropriate Minister propose to make an order under section 230(5) of this Act, they shall prepare a draft of the order. (2)Before making an order under subsection (4) or subsection (5) of section 230 of this Act, the Ministers proposing to make the order— (a)shall afford to the statutory undertakers on whom notice was served under subsection (1) of that section an opportunity of objecting to the application for, or proposal to make, the order; and (b)if any objection is made, shall consider the objection and afford to those statutory undertakers (and, in a case falling within subsection (4) of that section, to the local authority or statutory undertakers on whom the counter-notice was served) an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister for the purpose,and may then, if they think fit, make the order in accordance with the application or in accordance with the draft order, as the case may be, either with or without modification. (3)Where an order is made under section 230 of this Act— (a)any right to which the order relates shall be extinguished at the end of the period specified in that behalf in the order; and (b)if, at the end of the period so specified in relation to any apparatus, any requirement of the order as to the removal of the apparatus has not been complied with, the acquiring or appropriating authority may remove the apparatus and dispose of it in any way the authority may think fit. 232Notice for same purposes as s.230 but given by statutory undertakers to developing authority (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, where land has been acquired or appropriated as mentioned in section 230(1) of this Act, and— (a)there is on, under or over the land any apparatus vested in or belonging to statutory undertakers; and (b)the undertakers claim that development to be carried out on the land is such as to require, on technical or other grounds connected with the carrying on of their undertaking, the removal or re-siting of the apparatus affected by the development,the undertakers may serve on the acquiring or appropriating authority a notice claiming the right to enter on the land and carry out such works for the removal or re-siting of the apparatus or any part of it as may be specified in the notice. (2)Where, after the land has been acquired or appropriated as aforesaid, development of the land is begun to be carried out, no notice under this section shall be served later than twenty-one days after the beginning of the development. (3)Where a notice is served under this section, the authority on whom it is served may, before the end of the period of twenty-eight days from the date of service, serve on the statutory undertakers a counter-notice stating that they object to all or any of the provisions of the notice and specifying the grounds of their objection. (4)If no counter-notice is served under subsection (3) of this section, the statutory undertakers shall, after the end of the period of twenty-eight days therein mentioned, have the rights claimed in their notice. (5)If a counter-notice is served under subsection (3) of this section, the statutory undertakers who served the notice under this section may either withdraw it or may apply to the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister for an order under this section conferring on the undertakers the rights claimed in the notice or such modified rights as the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister think it expedient to confer on them. (6)Where, by virtue of this section or of an order of Ministers thereunder, statutory undertakers have the right to execute works for the removal or re-siting-of apparatus, they may arrange with the acquiring or appropriating authority for the works to be carried out by that authority, under the superintendence of the undertakers, instead of by the undertakers themselves. 233Extension or modification of functions of statutory undertakers (1)The powers conferred by this section shall be exercisable where, on a representation made by statutory undertakers, it appears to the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister to be expedient that the powers and duties of those undertakers should be extended or modified, in order— (a)to secure the provision of services which would not otherwise be provided, or satisfactorily provided, for any purpose in connection with which a local authority or Minister may be authorised under Part VI of this Act to acquire land or in connection with which any such person may compulsorily acquire land under any other enactment; or (b)to facilitate an adjustment of the carrying on of the undertaking necessitated by any of the acts and events mentioned in subsection (2) of this section. (2)The said acts and events are— (a)the acquisition under Part VI of this Act or compulsorily under any other enactment of any land in which an interest was held, or which was used, for the purpose of the carrying on of the undertaking of the statutory undertakers in question; (b)the extinguishment of a right or the imposition of any requirement by virtue of section 230 of this Act; (c)a decision on an application made by the statutory undertakers for planning permission to develop any such land as is mentioned in paragraph (a) of this subsection; (d)the revocation or modification of planning permission granted on any such application; (e)the making of an order under section 51 of this Act in relation to any such land. (3)The powers conferred by this section shall also be exercisable where, on a representation made by a local authority or Minister, it appears to the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister to be expedient that the powers and duties of statutory undertakers should be extended or modified, in order to secure the provision of new services, or the extension of existing services, for any purpose in connection with which the local authority or Minister making the representation may be authorised under Part VI of this Act to acquire land or in connection with which the local authority or Minister may compulsorily acquire land under any other enactment. (4)Where the powers conferred by this section are exercisable, the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister may, if they think fit, by order provide for such extension or modification of the powers and duties of the statutory undertakers as appears to them to be requisite in order to secure the services in question, as mentioned in subsection (1)(a) or (3) of this section, or to secure the adjustment in question, as mentioned in subsection (1)(b) of this section, as the case may be. (5)Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (4) of this section, an order under this section may make provision— (a)for empowering the statutory undertakers to acquire (whether compulsorily or by agreement) any land specified in the order, and to erect or construct any buildings or works so specified ; (b)for applying, in relation to the acquisition of any such land or the construction of any such works, enactments relating to the acquisition of land and the construction of works; (c)where it has been represented that the making of the order is expedient for the purposes mentioned in subsection (1)(a) or (3) of this section, for giving effect to such financial arrangements between the local authority or Minister and the statutory undertakers as they may agree, or as, in default of agreement, may be determined to be equitable in such manner and by such tribunal as may be specified in the order; (d)for such incidental and supplemental matters as appear to the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister to be expedient for the purposes of the order. 234Procedure in relation to orders under s.233 (1)As soon as may be after making such a representation as is mentioned in subsection (1) or subsection (3) of section 233 of this Act— (a)the statutory undertakers, in a case falling within subsection (if of that section ; or (b)the local authority or Minister making the representation, in a case falling within subsection (3) thereof,shall publish, in such form and manner as may be directed by the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister, a notice giving such particulars as may be so directed of the matters to which the representation relates, and specifying the time within which, and the manner in which, objections to the making of an order on the representation may be made, and shall also, if it is so directed by the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister, serve a like notice on such persons, or persons of such classes, as may be so directed. (2)Orders under section 233 of this Act shall be subject to special parliamentary procedure. 235Relief of statutory undertakers from obligations rendered impracticable (1)Where, on a representation made by statutory undertakers, the appropriate Minister is satisfied that the fulfilment of any obligation incurred by those undertakers in connection with the carrying on of their undertaking has been rendered impracticable by an act or event to which this subsection applies, the appropriate Minister may, if he thinks fit, by order direct that the statutory undertakers shall be relieved of the fulfilment of that obligation, either absolutely or to such extent as may be specified in the order. (2)Subsection (1) of this section applies to the following acts and events, that is to say— (a)the compulsory acquisition under Part VI of this Act or under any other enactment of any land in which an interest was held, or which was used, for the purpose of the carrying on of the undertaking of the statutory undertakers; and (b)the acts and events specified in section 23 3 (2)(b) to (e) of this Act. (3)As soon as may be after making a representation to the appropriate Minister under subsection (1) of this section, the statutory undertakers shall, as may be directed by the appropriate Minister, either publish (in such form and manner as may be so directed) a notice giving such particulars as may be so directed of the matters to which the representation relates, and specifying the time within which, and the manner in which, objections to the making of an order on the representation may be made, or serve such a notice on such persons, or persons of such classes, as may be so directed, or both publish and serve such notices. (4)If any objection to the making of an order under this section is duly made and is not withdrawn before the order is made, the order shall be subject to special parliamentary procedure. (5)Immediately after an order is made under this section by the appropriate Minister, he shall publish a notice stating that the order has been made and naming a place where a copy of it may be seen at all reasonable hours, and shall serve a like notice— (a)on any person who duly made an objection to the order and has sent to the appropriate Minister a request in writing to serve him with the notice required by this subsection, specifying an address for service; and (b)on such other persons (if any) as the appropriate Minister thinks fit. (6)Subject to subsection (7) of this section, and to the provisions of Part XII of this Act, an order under this section shall become operative on the date on which the notice required by subsection (5) of this section is first published. (7)Where in accordance with subsection (4) of this section the order is subject to special parliamentary procedure, subsection (6) of this section shall not apply. 236Objections to orders under ss.233 and 235 (1)For the purposes of sections 233 and 235 of this Act, an objection to the making of an order thereunder shall not be treated as duly made unless— (a)the objection is made within the time and in the manner specified in the notice required by the section under which the order is proposed to be made; and (b)a statement in writing of the grounds of the objection is comprised in or submitted with the objection. (2)Where an objection to the making of such an order is duly made in accordance with subsection (1) of this section and is not withdrawn, the following provisions of this section shall have effect in relation thereto:Provided that, in the application of those provisions to an order under section 233 of this Act, any reference to the appropriate Minister shall be construed as a reference to the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister. (3)Unless the appropriate Minister decides apart from the objection not to make the order, or decides to make a modification which is agreed to by the objector as meeting the objection, the appropriate Minister, before making a final decision, shall consider the grounds of the objection as set out in the statement, and may, if he thinks fit, require the objector to submit within a specified period a further statement in writing as to any of the matters to which the objection relates. (4)In so far as the appropriate Minister, after considering the grounds of the objection as set out in the original statement and in any such further statement, is satisfied that the objection relates to a matter which can be dealt with in the assessment of compensation, the appropriate Minister may treat the objection as irrelevant for the purpose of making a final decision. (5)If, after considering the grounds of the objection as set out in the original statement and in any such further statement, the appropriate Minister is satisfied that, for the purpose of making a final decision, he is sufficiently informed as to the matters to which the objection relates, or if, where a further statement has been required, it is not submitted within the specified period, the appropriate Minister may make a final decision without further investigation as to those matters. (6)Subject to subsections (4) and (5) of this section, the appropriate Minister, before making a final decision, shall afford to the objector an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed for the purpose by the appropriate Minister; and if the objector avails himself of that opportunity, the appropriate Minister shall afford an opportunity of appearing and being heard on the same occasion to the statutory undertakers, local authority or Minister on whose representation the order is proposed to be made, and to any other persons to whom it appears to the appropriate Minister to be expedient to afford such an opportunity. (7)Notwithstanding anything in the preceding provisions of this section, if it appears to the appropriate Minister that the matters to which the objection relates are such as to require investigation by public local inquiry before he makes a final decision, he shall cause such an inquiry to be held ; and where he determines to cause such an inquiry to be held, any of the requirements of those provisions to which effect has not been given at the time of that determination shall be dispensed with. (8)In this section any reference to making a final decision, in relation to an order, is a reference to deciding whether to make the order or what modification (if any) ought to be made. Compensation 237Right to compensation in respect of certain decisions and orders (1)Statutory undertakers shall, subject to the following provisions of this Part of this Act, be entitled to compensation from the local planning authority— (a)in respect of any decision made in accordance with section 225 of this Act whereby planning permission to develop operational land of those undertakers is refused or is granted subject to conditions where— (i)planning permission for that development would have been granted by a development order but for a direction given under such an order that planning permission so granted should not apply to the development; and (ii)it is not development which has received specific parliamentary approval (within the meaning given to that expression by section 223(3) of this Act); (b)in respect of any order under section 45 of this Act, as modified by section 227 thereof, whereby planning permission, granted on the application of those undertakers for the development of any such land, is revoked or modified. (2)Where, by virtue of section 230 of this Act, any right vested in or belonging to statutory undertakers is extinguished, or any requirement is imposed on statutory undertakers, those undertakers shall be entitled to compensation from the acquiring or appropriating authority at whose instance the right was extinguished or the requirement imposed. (3)Where works are carried out for the removal or re-siting of statutory undertakers' apparatus, being works which the undertakers have the right to carry out by virtue of section 232 of this Act or an order of Ministers thereunder, the undertakers shall be entitled to compensation from the acquiring or appropriating authority. (4)Notwithstanding anything in subsection (1) of this section, if the decision or order in question relates to land acquired by the statutory undertakers after 7th January 1947, and the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister are satisfied, having regard to the nature, situation and existing development of the land and of any neighbouring land, and to any other material considerations, that it is unreasonable that compensation should be recovered in respect of that decision or order, they may include therein a direction that subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to that decision or order. (5)For the purposes of this section the conditions referred to in sections 41 and 42 of this Act shall be disregarded and no compensation shall be payable under this section in respect of the imposition of any condition to which section 71 or 82 of this Act applies. 238Measure of compensation to statutory undertakers (1)Where statutory undertakers are entitled to compensation— (a)as mentioned in subsection (1), (2) or (3) of section 237 of this Act; or (b)under the provisions of section 170 in respect of an order made under section 51 of this Act as modified by section 228 thereof; or (c)in respect of a compulsory acquisition of land which has been acquired by those undertakers for the purposes of their undertaking, where the first-mentioned acquisition is effected under a compulsory purchase order confirmed or made without the appropriate Minister's certificate,the amount of the compensation shall (subject to section 239 of this Act) be an amount calculated in accordance with the following provisions of this section. (2)The said amount, subject to subsections (3) and (4) of this section, shall be the aggregate of the following amounts, that is to say— (a)the amount of any expenditure reasonably incurred in acquiring land, providing apparatus, erecting buildings or doing work for the purpose of any adjustment of the carrying on of the undertaking rendered necessary by the proceeding giving rise to compensation ; (b)whichever of the following is applicable, namely— (i)where such an adjustment is made, the estimated amount of any decrease in net receipts from the carrying on of the undertaking pending the adjustment, in so far as the decrease is directly attributable to the proceeding giving rise to compensation, together with such amount as appears reasonable compensation for any estimated decrease in net receipts from the carrying on of the undertaking in the period after the adjustment has been completed, in so far as the decrease is directly attributable to the adjustment; (ii)where no such adjustment is made, such amount as appears reasonable compensation for any estimated decrease in net receipts from the carrying on of the undertaking which is directly attributable to the proceeding giving rise to compensation; (c)where the compensation is under section 237(2) of this Act, and is in respect of the imposition of a requirement to remove apparatus, the amount of any expenditure reasonably incurred by the statutory undertakers in complying with the requirement, reduced by the value after removal of the apparatus removed. (3)Where any such adjustment as is mentioned in paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of this section is made, the aggregate amount mentioned in that subsection shall be reduced by such amount (if any) as appears to the Lands Tribunal to be appropriate to offset— (a)the estimated value of any property (whether moveable or immoveable) belonging to the statutory undertakers and used for the carrying on of their undertaking which, in consequence of the adjustment, ceases to be so used, in so far as the value of the property has not been taken into account under paragraph (c) of that subsection; and (b)the estimated amount of any increase in net receipts from the carrying on of the undertaking in the period after the adjustment has been completed, in so far as that amount has not been taken into account under paragraph (b) of that subsection and is directly attributable to the adjustment,and by any further amount which appears to the Lands Tribunal to be appropriate, having regard to any increase in the capital value of immoveable property belonging to the statutory undertakers which is directly attributable to the adjustment, allowance being made for any reduction made under paragraph (b) of this subsection. (4)Where the compensation is under section 237(3) of this Act and the acquiring or appropriating authority carry out the works, then, in addition to any reduction falling to be made under subsection (3) of this section, the aggregate amount mentioned in subsection (2) of this section shall be reduced by the actual cost to the authority of carrying out the works. (5)References in this section to a decrease in net receipts shall be construed as references to the amount by which a balance of receipts over expenditure is decreased, or a balance of expenditure over receipts is increased, or, where a balance of receipts over expenditure is converted into a balance of expenditure over receipts, as references to the aggregate of the two balances; and references to an increase in net receipts shall be construed accordingly. (6)In this section—" proceeding giving rise to compensation " means— (a)except in relation to compensation under section 237(3) of this Act, the particular action (that is to say, the decision, order, extinguishment of a right, imposition of a requirement, or acquisition) in respect of which compensation falls to be assessed, as distinct from any development or project in connection with which that action may have been taken; (b)in relation to compensation under the said section 237(3), the circumstances making it necessary for the apparatus in question to be removed or re-sited;"the appropriate Minister's certificate" has the same meaning as in section 229 of this Act. 239Exclusion of s.238 at option of statutory undertakers (1)Where statutory undertakers are entitled to compensation in respect of such a compulsory acquisition as is mentioned in section 238(1)(c) of this Act, the statutory undertakers may by notice in writing under this section elect that the compensation shall be ascertained in accordance with the enactments (other than rule (5) of the rules set out in section 5 of the Land Compensation Act 1961) which would be applicable apart from section 238 of this Act; and if the undertakers so elect the compensation shall be ascertained accordingly. (2)Ah election under this section may be made either in respect of the whole of the land comprised in the compulsory acquisition in question or in respect of part of that land. (3)Any notice under this section shall be given to the acquiring authority before the end of the period of two months from the date of service of notice to treat in respect of the interest of the statutory undertakers. 240Procedure for assessing compensation where s.238 applies (1)Where the amount of any such compensation as is mentioned in subsection (1) of section 238 of this Act falls to be ascertained in accordance with the provisions of that section, the compensation shall, in default of agreement, be assessed by the Lands Tribunal, if apart from this section it would not fall to be so assessed. (2)For the purposes of any proceedings arising before the Lands Tribunal in respect of compensation falling to be ascertained as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, the provisions of sections 2 and 4 of the Land Compensation Act 1961 shall apply as they apply to proceedings on a question referred to the Tribunal under section 1 of that Act, but with the substitution in section 4 of that Act, for references to the acquiring authority, of references to the person from whom the compensation is claimed. Supplementary provisions 241Special provisions as to display of advertisements on operational land (1)The provisions of this Part of this Act specified in subsection (2) of this section do not apply in relation to the display of advertisements on operational land of statutory undertakers. (2)The said provisions are sections 225 to 228 and 237(1) and (4) of this Act. Part XII Validity of Planning Instruments and Decisions and Proceedings Relating Thereto 242Validity of development plans and certain orders, decisions and directions (1)Except as provided by the following provisions of this Part of this Act, the validity of— (a)a structure plan, a local plan or any alteration, repeal or replacement of any such plan, whether before or after the plan, alteration, repeal or replacement has been approved or adopted ; or (b)an order under any provision of Part X of this Act except section 214(1)(a), whether before or after the order has been made ; or (c)an order under section 235 of this Act, whether before or after the order has been made; or (d)any such order as is mentioned in subsection (2) of this section, whether before or after it has been confirmed; or (e)any such action on the part of the Secretary of State as is mentioned in subsection (3) of this section,shall not be questioned in any legal proceedings whatsoever. (2)The orders referred to in subsection (1)(d) of this section are orders of any of the following descriptions, that is to say— (a)any order under section 45 of this Act or under the provisions of that section as applied by or under any other provision of this Act; (b)any order under section 51 of this Act; (c)any tree preservation order; (d)any order made in pursuance of section 63(4) of this Act; (e)any order under Part II of Schedule 11 to this Act. (3)The action referred to in subsection (1)(e) of this section is action on the part of the Secretary of State of any of the following descriptions, that is to say— (a)any decision of the Secretary of State on an application for planning permission referred to him under section 35 of this Act; (b)any decision of the Secretary of State on an appeal under section 36 of this Act; (c)the giving by the Secretary of State of any direction under section 38 of this Act; (d)any decision by the Secretary of State to confirm a completion notice under section 44 of this Act; (e)any decision of the Secretary of State relating to an application for consent under a tree preservation order, or relating to an application for consent under any regulations made in accordance with section 63 of this Act, or relating to any certificate or direction under any such order or regulations, whether it is a decision of the Secretary of State on appeal or a decision on an application referred to him for determination in the first instance; (f)any decision of the Secretary of State to grant planning permission under section 88 (5)(a) of this Act; (g)any decision of the Secretary of State on an application for an established use certificate referred to him under subsection (1) of section 95 of this Act or on an appeal under subsection (2) of that section; (h)any decision of the Secretary of State under subsection (5) (a) of section 97 of this Act to grant listed building consent for any works or under subsection (5)(b) of that section to grant planning permission in respect of any works; (i)any decision of the Secretary of State to confirm a purchase notice or listed building purchase notice; (j)any decision of the Secretary of State not to confirm a purchase notice or fisted building purchase notice, including any decision not to confirm such a notice in respect of part of the land to which it relates, and including any decision to grant any permission, or give any direction, in lieu of confirming such a notice, either wholly or in part; (k)any decision of the Secretary of State on an application referred to him under paragraph 4 of Schedule 11 to this Act (being an application for listed building consent for any works) or on an appeal under paragraph 8 of that Schedule. (4)Nothing in this section shall affect the exercise of any jurisdiction of any court in respect of any refusal or failure on the part of the Secretary of State to take any such action as is mentioned in subsection (3) of this section. 243Validity of enforcement notices and similar notices (1)Subject to the provisions of this section— (a)the validity of an enforcement notice shall not, except by way of an appeal under Part V of this Act, be questioned in any proceedings whatsoever on any of the grounds specified in section 88 (1)(b) to (e) of this Act; (b)the validity of a listed building enforcement notice shall not, except by way of an appeal under Part V of this Act, be questioned in any proceedings whatsoever on any of the grounds specified in section 97(1) (b) or (e) of this Act. (2)Subsection (1)(a) of this section shall not apply to proceedings brought under section 89(5) of this Act against a person who— (a)has held an interest in the land since before the enforcement notice was served under Part V of this Act; and (b)did not have the enforcement notice served on him thereunder; and (c)satisfies the court that— (i)he did not know and could not reasonably have been expected to know that the enforcement notice had been served ; and (ii)his interests have been substantially prejudiced by the failure to serve him. (3)Subject to subsection (4) of this section, the validity of a notice which has been served under section 65 of this Act on the owner and occupier of the land shall not, except by way of an appeal under Part V of this Act, be questioned in any proceedings whatsoever on any of the grounds specified in section 105(1)(a) to (c) of this Act. (4)Subsection (3) of this section shall not apply to proceedings brought under section 104 of this Act against a person on whom the notice referred to in that subsection was not served, but who has held an interest in the land since before that notice was served on the owner and occupier of the land, if he did not appeal against the notice under Part V of this Act. (5)The validity of a notice purporting to be an enforcement notice shall not depend on whether any non-compliance to which the notice relates was a non-compliance with conditions, or with limitations, or with both; and any reference in such a notice to non-compliance with conditions or limitations (whether both expressions are used in the notice or only one of them) shall be construed as a reference to non-compliance with conditions, or with limitations, or both with conditions and limitations, as the case may require. 244Proceedings for questioning validity of development plans and certain orders under Parts X and XI (1)If any person aggrieved by a structure plan or local plan or by any alteration, repeal or replacement of any such plan desires to question the validity of the plan, alteration, repeal or replacement on the ground that it is not within the powers conferred by Part II of this Act, or that any requirement of the said Part II or of any regulations made thereunder has not been complied with in relation to the approval or adoption of the plan, alteration, repeal or replacement, he may, within six weeks from the date of the publication of the first notice of the approval or adoption of the plan, alteration, repeal or replacement required by regulations under section 18 (1) of this Act, make an application to the High Court under this section. (2)On any application under this section the High Court— (a)may by interim order wholly or in part suspend the operation of the plan, alteration, repeal or replacement either generally or in so far as it affects any property of the applicant, until the final determination of the proceedings; (b)if satisfied that the plan, alteration; repeal or replacement is wholly or to any extent outside the powers conferred by Part II of this Act, or that the interests of the applicant have been substantially prejudiced by the failure to comply with any requirement of the said Part II or of any regulations made thereunder, may wholly or in part quash the plan, alteration, repeal or replacement, as the case may be, either generally or in so far as it affects any property of the applicant. (3)The preceding provisions of this section shall apply, subject to any necessary modifications, to an order under section 209, 211, 212 or 214(1)(a) of this Act as they apply to a structure plan, and as if, in subsection (1) of this section, for the reference to the notice therein mentioned, there were substituted a reference to the notice required by section 215(7) of this Act. (4)The said provisions shall apply, subject to any necessary modifications, to an order under section 210 or 214(1) (b) of this Act as they apply to a structure plan, and as if, in subsection (1) of this section, for the reference to the date on which the notice therein mentioned is first published there were substituted a reference to the date on which the notice required by paragraph 6 of Schedule 20 to this Act is first published in accordance with that paragraph. (5)Subsections (1) and (2) of this section shall apply, subject to any necessary modifications, to an order under section 235 of this Act as they apply to a structure plan. 245Proceedings for questioning validity of other orders, decisions and directions (1)If any person— (a)is aggrieved by any order to which this section applies and desires to question the validity of that order, on the grounds that the order is not within the powers of this Act, or that any of the relevant requirements have not been complied with in relation to that order; or (b)is aggrieved by any action on the part of the Secretary of State to which this section applies and desires to question the validity of that action, on the grounds that the action is not within the powers of this Act, or that any of the relevant requirements have not been complied with in relation to that action,he may, within six weeks from the date on which the order is confirmed or the action is taken, as the case may be, make an application to the High Court under this section. (2)Without prejudice to subsection (1) of this section, if the authority directly concerned with any order to which this section applies, or with any action on the part of the Secretary of State to which this section applies, desire to question the validity of that order or action on any of the grounds mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, the authority may, within six weeks from the date on which the order is confirmed or the action is taken, as the case may be, make an application to the High Court under this section. (3)This section applies to any such order as is mentioned in subsection (2) of section 242 of this Act and to any such action on the part of the Secretary of State as is mentioned in subsection (3) of that section. (4)On any application under this section the High Court— (a)may by interim order suspend the operation of the order or action, the validity whereof is questioned by the application, until the final determination of the proceedings; (b)if satisfied that the order or action in question is not within the powers of this Act, or that the interests of the applicant have been substantially prejudiced by a failure to comply with any of the relevant requirements in relation thereto, may quash that order or action:Provided that paragraph (a) of this subsection shall not apply to applications questioning the validity of tree preservation orders. (5)In relation to a tree preservation order, or to an order made in pursuance of section 63(4) of this Act, the powers conferred on the High Court by subsection (4) of this section shall be exercisable by way of quashing or (where applicable) suspending the operation of the order either in whole or in part, as the court may determine. (6)References in this section to the confirmation of an order include the confirmation of an order subject to modifications as well as the confirmation of an order in the form in which it was made. (7)In this section "the relevant requirements", in relation to any order or action to which this section applies, means any requirements of this Act or of the Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1971 (or any enactment replaced thereby), or of any order, regulations or rules made under this Act or under that Act (or any such enactment) which are applicable to that order or action, and any reference to the authority directly concerned with any order or action to which this section applies— (a)in relation to an order made by a local authority other than the local planning authority, and in relation to any decision of the Secretary of State on appeal from a decision made by such a local authority, is a reference to that local authority ; (b)in relation to any such decision as is mentioned in section 242(3)(i) or (j) of this Act, is a reference to the council on whom the notice in question was served, and, in a case where the Secretary of State has modified such a notice, wholly or in part, by substituting another local authority or statutory undertakers for that council, includes a reference to that local authority or those statutory undertakers; (c)in any other case, is a reference to the local planning authority:Provided that if, in a case falling within paragraph (a) of this subsection, the order or decision in question was made in the exercise of functions delegated to the other local authority by the local planning authority, and it is agreed between the two authorities that the local planning authority shall act in the matter, the reference shall be construed as a reference to the local planning authority. 246Appeals to High Court relating to enforcement notices and similar notices (1)Where the Secretary of State gives a decision in proceedings on an appeal under Part V of this Act against— (a)an enforcement notice; (b)a listed building enforcement notice ; or (c)a notice under section 103 of this Act,the appellant or the local planning authority or any person (other than the appellant) on whom the notice was served may, according as rules of court may provide, either appeal to the High Court against the decision on a point of law or require the Secretary of State to state and sign a case for the opinion of the High Court. (2)At any stage of the proceedings on any such appeal as is mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, the Secretary of State may state any question of law arising in the course of the proceedings in the form of a special case for the decision of the High Court; and a decision of the High Court on a case stated by virtue of this subsection shall be deemed to be a judgment of the court within the meaning of section 27 of the Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925 (jurisdiction of the Court of Appeal to hear and determine appeals from any judgment of the High Court). (3)In relation to any proceedings in the High Court or the Court of Appeal brought by virtue of this section the power to make rules of court shall include power to make rules— (a)prescribing the powers of the High Court or the Court of Appeal with respect to the remitting of the matter with the opinion or direction of the court for re-hearing and determination by the Secretary of State; and (b)providing for the Secretary of State, either generally or in such circumstances as may be prescribed by the rules, to be treated as a party to any such proceedings and to be entitled to appear and to be heard accordingly. (4)Rules of court relating to any such proceedings as are mentioned in subsection (3) of this section may provide for excluding so much of section 63(1) of the said Act of 1925 as requires appeals to the High Court to be heard and determined by a Divisional Court; but no appeal to the Court of Appeal shall be brought by virtue of this section except with the leave of the High Court or the Court of Appeal. (5)In this section " decision " includes a direction or order, and references to the giving of a decision shall be construed accordingly. 247Appeals to High Court against decisions under s.53 (1)If, in the case of any decision to which this section applies, the person who made the application to which the decision relates, or the local planning authority, is dissatisfied with the decision in point of law, that person or the local planning authority (as the case may be) may, according as rules of court may provide, either appeal against the decision to the High Court or require the Secretary of State to state and sign a case for the opinion of the High Court. (2)This section applies to any decision of the Secretary of State— (a)on an application under section 53 of this Act which is referred to the Secretary of State under the provisions of section 35 of this Act as applied by that section; or (b)on an appeal from a decision of the local planning authority under section 53 of this Act, being an appeal brought under the provisions of section 36 of this Act as so applied. (3)Where an application under section 53 of this Act is made as part of an application for planning permission, the preceding provisions of this section shall have effect in relation to that application in so far as it is an application under the said section 53, but not in so far as it is an application for planning permission. (4)In relation to proceedings in the High Court or the Court of Appeal brought by virtue of this section, the power to make rules of court shall include power to make rules prescribing the powers of the High Court or the Court of Appeal with respect to— (a)the giving of any decision which might have been given by the Secretary of State ; (b)the remitting of the matter, with the opinion or direction of the court, for re-hearing and determination by the Secretary of State; (c)the giving of directions to the Secretary of State. (5)Rules of court relating to such proceedings as are mentioned in subsection (4) of this section may provide for excluding so much of section 63(1) of the Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925 as requires appeals to the High Court to be heard and determined by a Divisional Court; but no appeal to the Court of Appeal shall be brought by virtue of this section except with the leave of the High Court or the Court of Appeal. (6)Without prejudice to the preceding provisions of this section, the power to make rules of court in relation to proceedings in the High Court or the Court of Appeal brought by virtue of this section shall include power to make rules providing for the Secretary of State, either generally or in such circumstances as may be prescribed by the rules, to be treated as a party to any such proceedings and to be entitled to appear and to be heard accordingly. 248Special provisions as to decisions relating to statutory undertakers In relation to any action which— (a)apart from the provisions of Part XI of this Act, would fall to be taken by the Secretary of State, and, if so taken, would be action falling within section 242(3) of this Act; but (b)by virtue of Part XI of this Act, is required to be taken by the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister,the provisions of sections 242 and 245 of this Act shall have effect (subject to section 249 of this Act) as if any reference in those provisions to the Secretary of State were a reference to the Secretary of State and the appropriate Minister. 249Special provisions as to orders subject to special parliamentary procedure (1)Where an order under section 209, 211, 212 or 235 of this Act is subject to special parliamentary procedure, then— (a)if the order is confirmed by Act of Parliament under section 6 of the Statutory Orders (Special Procedure) Act 1945, the provisions of sections 242 and 244 of this Act shall not apply to the order; (b)in any other case, section 244 of this Act shall have effect in relation to the order as if, in subsection (1) of that section, for the reference to the date therein mentioned there were substituted a reference to the date on which the order becomes operative under section 6 of the said Act of 1945. (2)Where by virtue of Part XI of this Act any such action as is mentioned in section 248 of this Act is required to be embodied in an order, and that order is subject to special parliamentary procedure, then— (a)if the order in which the action is embodied is confirmed by Act of Parliament under section 6 of the said Act of 1945, the provisions of sections 242 and 245 of this Act shall not apply; (b)in any other case, the provisions of section 245 of this Act shall apply with the substitution, for any reference to the date on which the action is taken, of a reference to the date on which the order becomes operative under section 6 of the said Act of 1945. Part XIII Financial Provisions Grants for development etc. 250Grants for development etc. (1)The Secretary of State may with the consent of the Treasury and after consultation with such associations of local authorities as appear to the Secretary of State to be concerned and with any local authority with whom consultation appears to him to be desirable, make regulations providing for the payment to local authorities for any year of grants of such amounts, and payable over such periods and subject to such conditions, as may be determined by or under the regulations in respect of expenditure incurred by those authorities (whether before or after the passing of this Act) in or in connection with the acquisition of land approved for the purposes of the regulations, being land required for or in connection with— (a)the development or redevelopment as a whole of any area (whether or not defined in a development plan as an area of comprehensive development); or (b)the relocation of population or industry, or the replacement of open space, in the course or in consequence of such development or redevelopment,or in respect of expenditure so incurred in or in connection with the clearing or preliminary development of such land. (2)For the purposes of regulations under this section land appropriated by a local authority (whether before or after the passing of this Act) for use for purposes described in subsection (1) of this section may be treated as acquired by that authority for those purposes at a cost of such amount, and defrayed in such manner, as may be determined by or under the regulations. (3)Provision may be made by regulations under this section— (a)for the inclusion, in the expenditure incurred by local authorities in the acquisition of land approved for the purposes of the regulations, of any sums or part of sums paid by those authorities in connection with any restriction imposed on the development or use of the land by or under any enactment (whether by way of compensation or by way of contribution towards damage or expense incurred in consequence of the restriction); (b)for the calculation of grants payable under the regulations by reference to the amount of the annual costs incurred or treated as being incurred by local authorities in respect of the borrowing of money to defray the expenditure in respect of which the grants are made, or by reference to the excess of such annual costs over receipts of those authorities which are attributable to such expenditure, or over the annual value of such receipts, or by reference to such other considerations as may be prescribed by the regulations; (c)for the payment of capital sums in substitution for any periodical grants payable under the regulations in respect of such annual costs ;and for the purposes of this section "clearing" and "preliminary development" means the carrying out of such works as may be prescribed by or determined under the regulations. (4)In this section " year " means a period of twelve months beginning with the first day of April. 251Maximum amount of grants under s.250 (1)Subject to the following provisions of this section, the amount of any grant paid to a local authority in accordance with regulations made under section 250 of this Act— (a)where that amount is calculated by reference to annual costs incurred or treated as incurred by the authority in respect of the borrowing of money to defray expenditure in respect of which the grant is made, or by reference to the excess of such annual costs over the receipts, or the annual value of receipts, mentioned in subsection (3)(b) of that section, shall not exceed an amount equal to fifty per cent. of those costs, or of that excess, as the case may be ; (b)in any other case, shall not exceed an amount equal to fifty per cent. of the amount of the expenditure in respect of which the grant is made. (2)In respect of land of any of the following descriptions, that is to say— (a)land comprised in a compulsory purchase order made by a local authority under the Act of 1944 or the Act of 1947, and confirmed before 26th February 1954, being land acquired for war-damage redevelopment; (b)land acquired by agreement for war-damage redevelopment with the consent of the Minister of Housing and Local Government given before that date; (c)land appropriated by a local authority for war-damage redevelopment before that date; and (d)land acquired or appropriated for war-damage redevelopment (whether before or after that date), being land contiguous or adjacent to land falling within any of the preceding paragraphs,subsection (1)(a) of this section shall apply (subject to subsection (3) of this section) as if for the words "fifty per cent." there were substituted the words “ninety per cent.”. (3)Subsection (2) of this section shall not authorise the payment, in the case of any land, of a grant at a higher rate in respect of a year or part of a year which, together with the preceding years or parts of years in respect of which grants at a higher rate have been paid in the case of that land, would extend beyond a total period of eight years. (4)In this section "war-damage redevelopment" means the redevelopment as a whole of an area of extensive war damage, and includes the relocation of population or industry, or the replacement of open space, in the course of such redevelopment. (5)In this section references to a grant at a higher rate are references to a grant of an amount which— (a)was or would have been authorised by section 93 of the Act of 1947 as that section had effect or would have had effect apart from section 50 of the Act of 1954 and the Local Government Act 1958 and this Act; but (b)otherwise than by virtue of the provisions of the Act of 1954 corresponding to subsections (2) and (3) of this section, was not or would not have been authorised by the provisions substituted by the Act of 1954 for the said section 93. 252Supplementary provisions as to grants under s.250 (1)Any approval of the Secretary of State required for the purposes of the payment of grant under section 250 of this Act in connection with the acquisition of land may be given subject to compliance with requirements imposed by the Secretary of State for securing that any negotiations for the acquisition of the land by the local authority will be carried out by the Valuation Office, and that any valuation of the land for the purposes of the acquisition, or for any purposes of the regulations, will be made by that office. (2)Subject to subsection (1) of this section, any regulations made for the purposes of section 250 of this Act may make provision whereby the payment of grants in pursuance of the regulations is dependent upon the fulfilment of such conditions as may be determined by or in accordance with the regulations, and may also make provision for requiring local authorities to whom grants have been so paid to comply with such requirements as may be so determined. Grants for research and education 253Grants for research and education The Secretary of State may, with the consent of the Treasury, make grants for assisting establishments engaged in promoting or assisting research relating to, and education with respect to, the planning and design of the physical environment. Contributions to certain expenditure 254Contributions by Ministers towards compensation paid by local authorities Where compensation is payable by a local authority under this Act in consequence of any decision or order given or made under— (a)Part III or Part IV of this Act; (b)sections 87 to 100 of this Act; (c)the provisions of Part IX of this Act relating to purchase notices; (d)Schedule 9 to this Act,then if that decision or order was given or made wholly or partly in the interest of a service which is provided by a government department and the cost of which is defrayed out of moneys provided by Parliament, the Minister responsible for the administration of that service may pay to that authority a contribution of such amount as he may with the consent of the Treasury determine. 255Contributions by local authorities and statutory undertakers (1)Without prejudice to the provisions of section 238(1) and (3) of the Highways Act 1959 (contributions by certain local authorities towards expenses incurred in connection with highways), any local authority may contribute towards any expenses incurred by a local highway authority in the acquisition of land under Part VI of this Act, or in the construction or improvement of roads on land so acquired, or in connection with any development required in the interests of the proper planning of the area of the local authority. (2)Any local authority and any statutory undertakers may contribute towards— (a)any expenses incurred by a local planning authority in or in connection with the carrying out of a survey or the preparation of a structure plan or local plan under Part II of this Act; (b)any expenses incurred by a local planning authority, or by the council of a county district, in or in connection with the performance of any of their functions under Part III (except section 28), Part IV, Part V (except sections 101 and 103) or Part VI (except section 126) of this Act, under the provisions of Part IX of this Act relating to purchase notices and listed building purchase notices or under Schedule 11 to this Act. (3)Where any expenses are incurred by a local authority in the payment of compensation payable in consequence of anything done under— (a)Part III or Part IV of this Act; (b)sections 87 to 100 of this Act; (c)the provisions of Part IX of this Act relating to purchase notices and listed building purchase notices ;the Secretary of State may, if it appears to him to be expedient to do so, require any other local authority to contribute towards those expenses such sum as appears to him to be reasonable, having regard to any benefit accruing to that authority by reason of the proceeding giving rise to the compensation. (4)The provisions of subsection (3) of this section shall apply in relation to payments made by a local authority to any statutory undertakers in accordance with financial arrangements to which effect is given under section 233(5)(c) of this Act, as they apply in relation to compensation payable by such an authority in consequence of anything done under Part III or Part IV of this Act, and the reference in subsection (3) of this section to the proceeding giving rise to the compensation shall be construed accordingly. (5)For the purposes of this section, contributions made by a 16cal planning authority towards the expenditure of a joint advisory committee shall be deemed to be expenses incurred by that authority for the purposes for which that expenditure is incurred by the committee. 256Assistance for acquisition of property where objection made to blight notice in certain cases The council of a county, county borough, London borough or county district or the Greater London Council may, subject to such conditions as may be approved by the Secretary of State, advance money to any person for the purposes of enabling him to acquire a hereditament or agricultural unit in respect of which a counter-notice has been served under section 194 of this Act specifying the grounds mentioned in subsection (2)(d) of that section as, or as one of, the grounds of objection if, in the case of a hereditament, its annual value does not exceed such amount as may be prescribed for the purposes of section 192(4)(a) of this Act. Recovery of compensation etc. 257Recovery from acquiring authorities of sums paid by way of compensation (1)Where an interest in land is compulsorily acquired, or is sold to an authority possessing compulsory purchase powers, and any of the land comprised in the acquisition or sale is land in respect of which a notice to which this section applies is registered (whether before of after the completion of the acquisition or sale) in respect of a planning decision or order made before the service of the notice to treat, or the making of the contract, in pursuance of which the acquisition or sale is effected, the Secretary of State shall, subject to the following provisions of this section, be entitled to recover from the acquiring authority a sum equal to so much of the amount of the compensation specified in the notice as (in accordance with section 158(6) of this Act) is to be treated as attributable to that land. (2)This section applies to notices registered under subsection (5) of section 158 of this Act and to notices registered under the provisions of that subsection as applied by section 166(5) of this Act. (3)If, immediately after the completion of the acquisition or sale, there is outstanding some interest in the land comprised therein to which a person other than the acquiring authority is entitled, the sum referred to in subsection (1) of this section shall not accrue due until that interest either ceases to exist or becomes vested in the acquiring authority. (4)No sum shall be recoverable under this section in the case of a compulsory acquisition or sale where the Secretary of State is satisfied that the interest in question is being acquired for the purposes of the use of the land as a public open space. (5)Where by virtue of the preceding provisions of this section the Secretary of State recovers a sum in respect of any land, by reason that it is land in respect of which a notice is registered under the provisions of section 158(5) of this Act as applied by section 166 of this Act, section 168(2) and (3) of this Act shall have effect in relation to that sum as if it were a sum recovered as mentioned in section 168(2) of this Act. (6)In this section and in section 258 of this Act "interest" (where the reference is to an interest in land) means the fee simple or a tenancy of the land, and does not include any other interest therein. 258Recovery from acquiring authorities of sums paid in respect of war-damaged land (1)Where an interest in land is compulsorily acquired by, or sold to, an authority possessing compulsory purchase powers, and a payment exceeding £20 has become or becomes payable under section 59 of the Act of 1947 in respect of that interest, the Secretary of State shall, subject to the following provisions of this section, be entitled to recover the amount of the payment from the acquiring authority. (2)If, before 18th November 1952, operations were begun in, on, over or under the land, or a use of the land was instituted, being operations or a use— (a)in respect of which a development charge has at any time been determined to be payable, or it has at any time been determined that no development charge was payable; or (b)comprised in a scheme of development exempt from development charge,subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to so much of any payment referred to in that subsection as was attributable to any land in relation to which the determination was made or, as the case may be, which is included in that scheme of development. (3)No amount shall be recoverable under this section in respect of any land in relation to which an amount has become recoverable by the Secretary of State under the provisions of section 159 of this Act as applied by section 279 of this Act. (4)If the acquisition or sale in question does not extend to the whole of the land to which the payment under the said section 59 related, the amount recoverable under this section shall be so much of that payment as, in accordance with subsection (5) of this section, is to be treated as apportioned to the land in which the interest acquired or sold subsists. (5)For the purposes of this section a payment under section 59 of the Act of 1947 shall be treated as apportioned, as between different parts of the land to which it related, in the way in which it might reasonably be expected to have been so apportioned if, under the scheme made under that section, the authority determining the amount of the payment had been required (in accordance with the same principles as applied to the determination of that amount) to apportion it between different parts of that land. (6)In this section references to a scheme of development exempt from development charge are references to a scheme of development such that, if the operations and uses of land comprised in the scheme had all been begun or instituted before 18th November 1952, all those operations and uses would have been exempt from the provisions of Part VII of the Act of 1947 by virtue of regulations made thereunder; and references to the amount of a payment shall be construed as including any interest payable on the principal amount of the payment. 259Sums recoverable from acquiring authorities reckonable for purposes of grant Where a sum is recoverable from an authority under section 257 or 258 of this Act by reference to an acquisition or purchase of an interest in land, and in respect thereof, or of a subsequent appropriation of the land, a grant became or becomes payable to that or some other authority under an enactment, the power conferred by that enactment to pay the grant shall include, and shall be deemed always to have included, power to pay a grant in respect of that sum as if it had been expenditure incurred by the acquiring authority in connection with the acquisition or purchase. Expenses and receipts of Ministers 260Expenses of government departments (1)The following expenses of the Secretary of State shall be paid out of moneys provided by Parliament, that is to say— (a)any expenses incurred by the Secretary of State under subsection (2) of section 50 of this Act or under that subsection as applied by subsection (7) of section 63 of this Act, or in the payment of expenses of any committee established under the said section 63 ; (b)any sums necessary to enable the Secretary of State to make any payments becoming payable by him under Part VII or Part VIII of this Act; (c)any expenses incurred by the Secretary of State under Part X of this Act; (d)any expenses incurred by the Secretary of State in the making of grants in accordance with regulations made under section 250 of this Act or grants under section 253 of this Act; (e)subject to the provisions of subsection (4) of section 261 of this Act, any instalment payable by the Secretary of State under subsections (2) and (3) of that section; (f)any administrative expenses incurred by the Secretary of State for the purposes of this Act. (2)There shall be paid out of moneys provided by Parliament any expenses incurred by any government department (including the Secretary of State)— (a)in the acquisition of land under Part VI of this Act; (b)in the payment of compensation under section 118(4), 237(2) or 281 of this Act; (c)under section 128(5)(b) of this Act; or (d)under section 254 of this Act. 261Payments under s.59 of Act of 1947 and Parts I and V of Act of 1954 (1)The Secretary of State shall pay out of moneys provided by Parliament any payments falling to be made by him on or after 1st April 1968 under— (a)section 59 of the Act of 1947 (war-damaged land); or (b)any provision of Part I or Part V of the Act of 1954. (2)The aggregate of the sums issued to the Minister of Housing and Local Government or the Central Land Board out of the Consolidated Fund in any financial year ending before the said 1st April under section 64(1) of the Act of 1954 (sums required for making payments under Part I or Part V of the Act of 1954) shall be repaid by the Secretary of State into the National Loans Fund, as mentioned in subsection (3) of this section, with interest thereon at such rate as the Treasury may determine, such interest accruing, in respect of the whole aggregate, from such date in the financial year in which the sums were issued as the Treasury may determine. (3)The said aggregate shall be repaid by twenty equal annual instalments, of principal and interest combined, falling due on the anniversary of the date determined under subsection (2) of this section, the first such instalment falling due in the financial year next following the financial year in which the sums in question were issued. (4)Any sums received by the Secretary of State by virtue of— (a)the provisions of section 159 of this Act, as applied by Schedule 24 to this Act to compensation paid under Part V of the Act of 1954 ; or (b)the provisions of section 257 of this Act as so applied shall be paid into the Consolidated Fund. 262General provision as to receipts of Secretary of State Without prejudice to section 261 of this Act, and subject to the provisions of section 168 of this Act, any sums received by the Secretary of State under any provision of this Act shall be paid into the Consolidated Fund. Expenses of county councils and Greater London Council 263Expenses of county councils and Greater London Council (1)The council of a county may direct that any Expenses of expenses incurred by them under the provisions of this Act county councils specified in Parts I and II of Schedule 21 to this Act shall and Greater be treated as expenses for special county purposes chargeable Council, upon such part of the county as may be specified in the directions. (2)The Greater London Council may direct that any expenses incurred by them under— (a)Part II of this Act; (b)Schedule 3 to this Act; (c)Part II of Schedule 5 to this Act; (d)any of the provisions of this Act specified in Part I of Schedule 21 to this Act; (e)any other provision of this Act conferring functions on local authorities,shall be treated as expenses for special London purposes chargeable upon such part of Greater London as may be specified in the directions. Part XIV Application of Act to Special Cases Minerals 264Power to modify Act in relation to minerals (1)In relation to development consisting of the winning and working of minerals, the provisions of this Act specified in Parts I and II of Schedule 21 to this Act shall have effect subject to such adaptations and modifications as may be prescribed by regulations made under this Act with the consent of the Treasury. (2)In relation to interests in land consisting of or comprising minerals (being either the fee simple or tenancies of such land) and in relation to claims established (as mentioned in section 135(2) of this Act) wholly or partly in respect of such land, the provisions of this Act specified in Part III of Schedule 21 to this Act shall have effect subject to such adaptations and modifications as may be prescribed by regulations made under this Act with the consent of the Treasury. (3)Regulations made for the purposes of this section shall be of no effect unless they are approved by resolution of each House of Parliament. (4)Any regulations made by virtue of subsection (1) of this section shall not apply— (a)to the winning and working, on land held or occupied with land used for the purposes of agriculture, of any minerals reasonably required for the purposes of that use, including the fertilisation of the land so used and the maintenance, improvement or alteration of buildings or works thereon which are occupied or used for those purposes; or (b)to development consisting of the winning and working of any minerals vested in the National Coal Board, being development to which any of the provisions of this Act relating to operational land of statutory undertakers apply by virtue of regulations made under section 273 of this Act;and nothing in subsection (1) of this section or in this subsection shall be construed as affecting the prerogative right of Her Majesty (whether in right of the Crown or of the Duchy of Lancaster) or of the Duke of Cornwall to any gold or silver mine. 265Modification of Mines (Working Facilities and Support) Act 1966 (1)Where a development plan provides that any land is to be used for the purpose of securing the winning and working of any minerals comprised therein, the provisions of the Mines (Working Facilities and Support) Act 1966 shall have effect in relation to the land subject to such modifications as may be prescribed by regulations made under this Act by the Secretary of State for the Environment and the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry. (2)Regulations made for the purposes of this section may in particular provide for securing— (a)that a right to work any minerals in the land may be granted by the High Court under the said Act of 1966 to any person who is desirous of working them, either by himself or through his lessees, and who is unable to obtain the necessary rights by agreement on reasonable terms; (b)that for the purposes of the determination by the court of an application for any such right, it shall be assumed that the winning and working of the minerals is expedient in the national interest; and (c)that the compensation or consideration in respect of any such right which is granted by the court shall be assessed having regard to the amount of the compensation which would be payable in respect of a compulsory acquisition of the minerals under Part VI of this Act. (3)Subsections (3) and (4) of section 264 of this Act shall apply to the provisions of this section and to any regulations made thereunder as they apply to the provisions of subsection (1) of that section and to regulations made by virtue of that subsection. Crown land 266Exercise of powers in relation to Crown land (1)Notwithstanding any interest of the Crown in Crown land, but subject to the following provisions of this section— (a)a plan approved, adopted or made under Part II of this Act or the Greater London development plan may include proposals relating to the use of Crown land, and any power to acquire land compulsorily under Part VI of this Act may be exercised in relation to any interest therein which is for the time being held otherwise than by or on behalf of the Crown; (b)any restrictions or powers imposed or conferred by Part III, Part IV or Part V of this Act, by the provisions of Part IX of this Act relating to purchase notices and listed building purchase notices, or by any of the provisions of sections 225 to 228 of this Act, shall apply and be exercisable in relation to Crown land, to the extent of any interest therein for the time being held otherwise than by or on behalf of the Crown; (c)a building which for the time being is Crown land may be included in a list compiled or approved by the Secretary of State under section 54 of this Act. (2)Except with the consent of the appropriate authority— (a)no order or notice shall be made or served under any of the provisions of sections 51, 60, 65, 87 or 96 of this Act or under any of those provisions as applied by any order or regulations made under Part IV of this Act, in relation to land which for the time being is Crown land; (b)no interest in land which for the time being is Crown land shall be acquired compulsorily under Part VI of this Act. (3)No enforcement notice shall be served under section 87 of this Act in respect of development carried out by or on behalf of the Crown after the appointed day on land which was Crown land at the time when the development was carried out. (4)No listed building enforcement notice shall be served in respect of works executed by or on behalf of the Grown in respect of a building which was Crown land at the time when the works were executed. (5)No purchase notice or listed building purchase notice shall be served in relation to any interest in Crown land unless an offer has been previously made by the owner of that interest to dispose of it to the appropriate authority on terms that the price payable for it shall be equal to (and shall, in default of agreement, be determined in like manner as) the compensation which would be payable in respect of that interest if it were acquired in pursuance of a purchase notice, and that offer has been refused by the appropriate authority. (6)The rights conferred by the provisions of sections 192 to 207 of this Act shall be exercisable by a person who (within the meaning of those provisions) is an owner-occupier of a hereditament or agricultural unit which is Crown land, or is a resident owner-occupier of a hereditament which is Crown land, in the same way as they are exercisable in respect of a hereditament or agricultural unit which is not Crown land, and those provisions shall apply accordingly. (7)In this Part of this Act "Crown land" means land in which there is a Crown interest or a Duchy interest; "Grown interest" means an interest belonging to Her Majesty in right of the Crown, or belonging to a government department, or held in trust for Her Majesty for the purposes of a government department; " Duchy interest" means an interest belonging to Her Majesty in right of the Duchy of Lancaster, or belonging to the Duchy of Cornwall; and for the purposes of this section and section 267 of this Act "the appropriate authority", in relation to any land— (a)in the case of land belonging to Her Majesty in right of the Crown and forming part of the Crown Estate, means the Crown Estate Commissioners, and, in relation to any other land belonging to Her Majesty in right of the Crown, means the government department having the management of that land ; (b)in relation to land belonging to Her Majesty in right of the Duchy of Lancaster, means the Chancellor of the Duchy; (c)in relation to land belonging to the Duchy of Cornwall, means such person as the Duke of Cornwall, or the possessor for the time being of the Duchy of Cornwall, appoints; (d)in the case of land belonging to a government department or held in trust for Her Majesty for the purposes of a government department, means that department;and, if any question arises as to what authority is the appropriate authority in relation to any land, that question shall be referred to the Treasury, whose decision shall be final. 267Agreements relating to Crown land (1)The appropriate authority and the local planning authority for the area in which any Crown land is situated may make agreements for securing the use of the land, so far as may be prescribed by any such agreement, in conformity with the provisions of the development plan applicable thereto; and any such agreement may contain such consequential provisions, including provisions of a financial character, as may appear to be necessary or expedient having regard to the purposes of the agreement. (2)An agreement made under this section by a government department shall not have effect unless it is approved by the Treasury. (3)In considering whether to make or approve an agreement under this section relating to land belonging to a government department, or held in trust for Her Majesty for the purposes of a government department, the department and the Treasury shall have regard to the purposes for which the land is held by or for the department. 268Supplementary provisions as to Crown and Duchy interests (1)Subject to the following provisions of this section— (a)where there is a Crown, interest in any land, the provisions of Part VII of this Act and of sections 166 to 168 thereof, and the provisions of Schedules 15, 16 and 17 to this Act and the provisions of Schedule 24 to this Act in so far as they relate to Part VII or to sections 166 to 168 of this Act, shall have effect in relation to any private interest or Duchy interest as if the Crown interest were a private interest; and (b)where there is a Duchy interest in any land, those provisions shall have effect in relation to that interest, and to any private interest, as if the Duchy interest were a private interest. (2)References in this Act to claims established under Part VI of the Act of 1947 include references to claims so established in accordance with arrangements made under section 88(2) of that Act (which provided for the application of Part VI of that Act to Duchy interests and for the payment of sums in lieu of development charges in respect of such interests); references to development charges include references to sums determined in accordance with such arrangements to be appropriate in substitution for development charges; and references to the amount of an established claim or of a development charge shall be construed accordingly. (3)Where, in accordance with an agreement under section 267 of this Act, the approval of a local planning authority is required in respect of any development of land in which there is a Duchy interest, the provisions of this Act referred to in subsection (1)(a) of this section shall have effect in relation to the withholding of that approval, or the giving thereof subject to conditions, as if it were a refusal of planning permission, or a grant of planning permission subject to conditions, as the case may be. (4)In this section "private interest" means an interest which is neither a Crown interest nor a Duchy interest. Isles of Scilly 269Application of Act to Isles of Scilly (1)The Secretary of State shall, after consultation with the Council of the Isles of Scilly, by order provide for the application to those Isles of the provisions of this Act specified in Parts I and II of Schedule 21 to this Act as if those Isles were a separate county. (2)In relation to land in the Isles of Scilly, the provisions of this Act specified in Part III of the said Schedule shall have effect as if those Isles were a county district and the Council of the Isles were the council of that district. (3)The Secretary of State, may, after consultation with the Council of the Isles of Scilly, by order provide for the application to those Isles of the provisions of this Act specified in Part IV of the said Schedule as if those Isles were a .separate county or county district. (4)Any order under subsection (1) or (3) of this section may provide for the application of the provisions there mentioned to the Isles subject to such modifications as may be specified in the order. Local planning authorities 270Application to local planning authorities of provisions as to planning control and enforcement (1)In relation to land of local planning authorities, and to the development by local authorities of land in respect of which they are the local planning authorities, the provisions of this Act specified in Part V of Schedule 21 to this Act shall have effect subject to such exceptions and modifications as may be prescribed by regulations made under this Act. (2)Subject to the provisions of section 40 of this Act, any such regulations may in particular provide for securing— (a)that any application by such an authority for planning permission to develop such land, or for any other consent required in relation to such land under the said provisions, shall be made to the Secretary of State and not to the local planning authority ; (b)that any order or notice authorised to be made or served under those provisions in relation to such land shall be made or served by the Secretary of State and not by the local planning authority. (3)Sections 26, 27 and 29(2) and (3) of this Act shall apply, with the necessary modifications, in relation to applications made to the Secretary of State in pursuance of regulations made for the purposes of subsection (1) of this section, as they apply in relation to applications for planning permission which fall to be determined by the local planning authority. 271Application to local planning authorities of provisions as to listed buildings (1)In relation to buildings of local planning authorities which are listed, and to the execution of works for their demolition, alteration or extension, the provisions of this Act specified in Part VI of Schedule 21 to this Act shall have effect subject to such exceptions and modifications as may be prescribed by regulations made under this Act. (2)Any such regulations may in particular provide for securing— (a)that any application by such an authority for listed building consent shall be made to the Secretary of State and not to the local planning authority; (b)that any notice authorised to be served under the said provisions in relation to a listed building belonging to a local planning authority shall be served by the Secretary of State and not by that authority. 272Special provisions as to statutory undertakers who are local planning authorities In relation to statutory undertakers who are local planning authorities, section 241 of this Act and the provisions specified in subsection (2) of that section shall have effect subject to such exceptions and modifications as may be prescribed by regulations made under this Act. Other special cases 273National Coal Board (1)Regulations made under this Act by the Secretary of State for the Environment and the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry with the consent of the Treasury may direct that any of the provisions of this Act specified in Part I of Schedule 21 to this Act or of section 223 of this Act, being provisions relating to statutory undertakers and to land of such undertakers, shall apply, subject to such adaptations, modifications and exceptions as may be specified in the regulations, in relation to the National Coal Board, and in relation to land (including mines) of that Board of any such class as may be specified in the regulations, as if the Board were statutory undertakers and as if land of any class so specified were operational land. (2)Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1) of this section, any regulations made thereunder may in particular provide that any compensation payable to the National Coal Board by virtue of any of the provisions applied by the regulations, being compensation which, in the case of statutory undertakers, would be assessable in accordance with the provisions of section 238 of this Act, shall, instead of being assessed in accordance with that section, be assessed in accordance with the provisions of the regulations. 274Ecclesiastical property (1)Without prejudice to the provisions of the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 with respect to notices served under that Act, where under any of the provisions of this Act a notice is required to be served on an owner of land, and the land is ecclesiastical property, a like notice shall be served on the Church Commissioners. (2)Where the fee simple of any ecclesiastical property is in abeyance— (a)if the property is situated elsewhere than in Wales, then for the purposes of the provisions of this Act specified in Part VII of Schedule 21 to this Act the fee simple shall be treated as being vested in the Church Commissioners; (b)in any case, the fee simple shall, for the purposes of a compulsory acquisition of the property under Part VI of this Act, be treated as being vested in the Church Commissioners, and any notice to treat shall be served, or be deemed to have been served, accordingly. (3)Any compensation payable under Part VIII (except sections 171, 172 and 175) or section 212 of this Act in respect of land which is ecclesiastical property shall be paid to the Church Commissioners, to be applied for the purposes for which the proceeds of a sale by agreement of the land would be applicable under any enactment or Measure authorising, or disposing of the proceeds of, such a sale. (4)Any sum which under any of the provisions of this Act specified in Part III of Schedule 21 to this Act is payable in relation to land which is, or on the appointed day was, ecclesiastical property, and apart from this subsection would be payable to an incumbent, shall be paid to the Church Commissioners, to be applied for the purposes mentioned in subsection (3) of this section; and where any sum is recoverable under section 159, 168 or 279 of this Act in respect of any such land, the Church Commissioners may apply any money or securities held by them in the payment of that sum. (5)In this section "ecclesiastical property" means land belonging to an ecclesiastical benefice, or being or forming part of a church subject to the jurisdiction of a bishop of any diocese or the site of such a church, or being or forming part of a burial ground subject to such jurisdiction. 275Settled land, and land of universities and colleges (1)The purposes authorised for the application of capital moneys— (a)by section 73 of the Settled Land Act 1925 and by that section as applied by section 28 of the Law of Property Act 1925 in relation to trusts for sale; and (b)by section 26 of the Universities and College Estates Act 1925,and the purposes authorised by section 71 of the Settled Land Act 1925, by that section as so applied, and by section 30 of the Universities and College Estates Act 1925 as purposes for which moneys may be raised by mortgage, shall include the payment of any sum recoverable under section 159, 168 or 279 of this Act. (2)The classes of works specified in Part II of Schedule 3 to the Settled Land Act 1925 (which specifies improvements which may be paid for out of capital money, subject to provisions under which repayment out of income may be required to be made) shall include works specified by the Secretary of State as being required for properly maintaining a listed building which is settled land within the meaning of that Act. Part XV Miscellaneous and Supplementary Provisions 276Default powers of Secretary of State (1)If it appears to the Secretary of State, after consultation with the local planning authority, to be expedient that any order to which this subsection applies should be made, he may give directions to the local planning authority requiring them to submit to him such an order for his confirmation, or may himself make such an order; and any order so made by the Secretary of State shall have the like effect as if it had been made by the local planning authority and confirmed by the Secretary of State under Part III or IV of this Act. (2)Subsection (1) of this section applies to the following orders, that is to say— (a)orders under section 45 of this Act, or under the provisions of that section as applied by any order or regulations made under Part IV of this Act; (b)orders under section 51 of this Act; (c)tree preservation orders and orders amending or revoking them. (3)The provisions of Part III or Part IV of this Act, and of any regulations made thereunder, with respect to the procedure to be followed in connection with the submission by the local planning authority of any order to which subsection (1) of this section applies, with respect to the confirmation of such an order by the Secretary of State, and with respect to the service of copies thereof as so confirmed, shall have effect, subject to any necessary modifications, in relation to any proposal by the Secretary of State to make such an order by virtue of subsection (1) of this section, in relation to the making thereof by the Secretary of State, and in relation to the service of copies thereof as so made. (4)Without prejudice to subsection (3) of this section, where the Secretary of State proposes under subsection (1) of this section to make any such order as is mentioned in subsection (2)(a) or (b) of this section he shall serve a notice of the proposal on the local planning authority; and if within such period as may be specified in the notice (not being less than twenty-eight days from the date of service) the authority so require, the Secretary of State before making the order shall afford to the authority an opportunity of appearing before, and being heard by, a person appointed by him for the purpose. (5)If it appears to the Secretary of State, after consultation with the local planning authority, to be expedient that— (a)a completion notice under section 44 of this Act; or (b)a notice under section 65 of this Act; or (c)an enforcement notice under section 87 of this Act, or under the provisions of that section as applied by regulations under section 63 of this Act; or (d)a stop notice under section 90 of this Act; or (e)a listed building enforcement notice,should be served in respect of any land, he may give directions to the local planning authority requiring them to serve such a notice, or may himself serve such a notice; and any notice so served by the Secretary of State shall have the like effect as a notice served by the local planning authority: Provided that, in relation to an enforcement notice under section 87 of this Act or a listed building enforcement notice which is served by the Secretary of State, the provisions of sections 89 and 91 to 93, or, as the case may be, of sections 98 and 99 of this Act shall apply as if for any reference therein to the local planning authority there were substituted a reference to the Secretary of State. (6)If the Secretary of State is satisfied, after holding a local inquiry— (a)that the council of a county, county borough, London borough or county district have failed to take steps for the acquisition of any land which, in the opinion of the Secretary of State, ought to be acquired by that council under section 112 of this Act for a purpose which it is necessary to achieve in the interests of the proper planning of an area in which the land is situated; or (b)that a local authority have failed to carry out, on land acquired by them under section 68 of the Act of 1962 or section 112 of this Act or appropriated by them under section 121 of this Act, any development which, in the opinion of the Secretary of State, ought to be carried out,the Secretary of State may by order require the council or authority to take such steps as may be specified in the order for acquiring the land, or carrying out the development, as the case may be. (7)Any order under subsection (6) of this section shall be enforceable, on the application of the Secretary of State, by mandamus. 277Designation of conservation areas (1)Every local planning authority shall from time to time determine which parts of their area are areas of special, architectural or historic interest the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and shall designate such areas as conservation areas. (2)The Secretary of State may, after consultation with a local planning authority, give to that authority such directions as he thinks necessary with respect to the exercise of their functions under subsection (1) of this section; and it shall be the duty of the authority to comply with any such directions. (3)Before making a determination under this section, a local planning authority in Greater London shall consult with the other local planning authority or authorities for the area to which the proposed determination relates, and a local planning authority outside Greater London shall consult with the council of each county district of which any part is included in that area. (4)The local planning authority shall give notice to the Secretary of State of the designation of any conservation area, and of any variation or cancellation of any such designation, with sufficient particulars to identify the area affected, and shall cause the like notice to be published in the London Gazette and in at least one newspaper circulating in the area of the local planning authority. (5)Where any area is for the time being designated as a conservation area, special attention shall be paid to the desirability of preserving or enhancing its character or appearance in the exercise, with respect to any buildings or other land in that area, of any powers under this Act, Part I of the Historic Buildings and Ancient Monuments Act 1953 or the Local Authorities (Historic Buildings) Act 1962. (6)The local planning authority for the purpose of this section shall, in Greater London, be the Greater London Council and also, in relation to a London borough, the council of that borough. 278Assumptions as to planning permission in determining value of interests in land (1)In any case where the value or depreciation in value of an interest in land falls to be determined on the assumption that planning permission would be granted for development of any class specified in Schedule 8 to this Act, it shall be further assumed, as regards development of any class specified in paragraph 1 or 3 of that Schedule, that such permission would; be granted subject to the condition set out in Schedule 18 to this Act. (2)In the application of the said Schedule 8 for the purposes of any determination to which subsection (1) of this section applies— (a)paragraph 3 of that Schedule shall be construed as not extending to works involving any increase in the cubic content of a building erected after the appointed day (including any building resulting from the carrying out of such works as are described in paragraph 1 of that Schedule); and (b)paragraph 7 of that Schedule shall not apply to any such building. (3)For the purposes of subsections (1) and (2) of this section, so far as applicable to any determination of existing use value as defined in section 187(5) of this Act, references to Schedule 8 to this Act, and to paragraphs 1, 3 and 7 of that Schedule, shall be construed as references to Schedule 3 to the Act of 1947 and to the corresponding paragraphs of that Schedule; and that Schedule shall have effect as if it contained a paragraph corresponding to paragraph 13 of Schedule 8 to this Act. (4)Except as provided in section 168(4) of this Act, nothing in the preceding provisions of this section or in paragraph 13 of Schedule 8 affects the meaning of "new development" in this Act or any determination to be made for the purpose of Part VIX of this Act. (5)For the avoidance of doubt it is hereby declared that where, under any provision of this Act, the value of an interest in land is required to be assessed on the assumption that planning permission would be granted for development of any class specified in Schedule 8 to this Act, that assumption is to be made on the footing that any such development must comply with the provisions of any enactment, other than this Act, which would be applicable to it. 279Recovery, on subsequent development, of payments in respect of war-damaged land (1)In relation to notices registered under section 57 of the Act of 1954 (which provided for the registration of notices of payments made under section 59 of the Act of 1947) the provisions of sections 159 and 160 of this Act shall have effect (subject to the following provisions of this section) as they have effect in relation to notices Registered under section 158 of this Act. (2)The said provisions shall have effect as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, but as if— (a)any reference therein to the compensation specified in a notice were a reference to the payment so specified; and (b)section 159 of this Act applied to every description of new development. (3)No amount shall be recoverable by the Secretary of State by virtue of this section in respect of any land in relation to which an amount has become recoverable under section 258 of this Act. (4)Subsection (5) of section 258 of this Act shall apply for the purposes of this section as it applies for the purposes of that section. 280Rights of entry (1)Any person duly authorised in writing by the Secretary of State or by a local planning authority may at any reasonable time enter any land for the purpose of surveying it in connection with— (a)the preparation, approval, adoption, making or amendment of a structure plan or local plan relating to the land under Part II of this Act, including the carrying out of any survey under that Part; (b)any application under Part III or sections 60 or 63 of this Act, or under any order or regulations made thereunder, for any permission, consent or determination to be given or made in connection with that land or any other land under Part III or either of those sections of this Act or under any such order or regulations; (c)any proposal by the local planning authority or by the Secretary of State to make or serve any order or notice under Part III (other than section 44), Part IV or Part V of this Act, or under any order or regulations made thereunder or any notice under section 115 of this Act. (2)Any person duly authorised in writing by the Secretary of State may at any reasonable time enter any land for the purpose of surveying any building thereon in connection with a proposal to include the building in, or exclude it from, a list compiled or approved under section 54 of this Act. (3)Any person duly authorised in writing by the Secretary of State or a local planning authority may at any reasonable time enter any land for the purpose of ascertaining whether, with respect to any building on the land, an offence has been, or is being, committed under section 55 or 98 of, or Schedule 11 to, this Act, or whether the building is being maintained in a proper state of repair. (4)Any person duly authorised in writing by the Secretary of State or a local authority may at any reasonable time enter any land for the purpose of ascertaining whether— (a)an offence appears to have been committed under section 57 of this Act; or (b)any of the functions conferred by section 101 or 103 of this Act should or may be exercised in connection with the land,or for the purpose of exercising any of those functions in connection with the land. (5)Any person, being an officer of the Valuation Office or a person duly authorised in writing by the Secretary of State, may at any reasonable time enter any land for the purpose of surveying it, or estimating its value, in connection with a claim for compensation under Part VII of this Act in respect of that land or any other land. (6)Any person, being an officer of the Valuation Office or a person duly authorised in writing by a local planning authority, may at any reasonable time enter any land for the purpose of surveying it, or estimating its value, in connection with a claim for compensation in respect of that land or any other land, being compensation payable by the local planning authority under Part VIII of this Act (other than section 175), under section 212(5) of this Act or under Part XI of this Act (other than section 237(2) or 238(1)(c)) (7)Any person, being an officer of the Valuation Office or a person duly authorised in writing by a local authority or Minister authorised to acquire land under section 112 or 113 of this Act, and any person duly authorised in writing by a local authority having power to acquire land under Part VI of this Act, may at any reasonable time enter any land for the purpose of surveying it, or estimating its value, in connection with any proposal to acquire that land or any other land, or in connection with any claim for compensation in respect of any such acquisition. (8)Any person duly authorised in writing by the Secretary of State or by a local planning authority may at any reasonable time enter any land in respect of which an order or notice has been made or served as mentioned in subsection (1)(c) of this section, for the purpose of ascertaining whether the order or notice has been complied with. (9)Subject to the provisions of section 281 of this Act, any power conferred by this section to survey land shall be construed as including power to search and bore for the purpose of ascertaining the nature of the subsoil or the presence of minerals therein. 281Supplementary provisions as to rights of entry (1)A person authorised under section 280 of this Act to enter any land shall, if so required, produce evidence of his authority before so entering, and shall not demand admission as of right to any land which is occupied unless twenty-four hours' notice of the intended entry has been given to the occupier. (2)Any person who wilfully obstructs a person acting in the exercise of his powers under section 280 of this Act shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £20. (3)If any person who, in compliance with the provisions of section 280 of this Act, is admitted into a factory, workshop or workplace discloses to any person any information obtained by him therein as to any manufacturing process or trade secret, he shall, unless the disclosure is made in the course of performing his duty in connection with the purpose for which he was authorised to enter the premises, be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400 or on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or a fine, or both. (4)Where any land is damaged in the exercise of a right of entry conferred under section 280 of this Act, or in the making of any survey for the purpose of which any such right of entry has been so conferred, compensation in respect of that damage may be recovered by any person interested in the land from the Secretary of State or authority on whose behalf the entry was effected. (5)The provisions of section 179 of this Act shall apply in relation to compensation under subsection (4) of this section as they apply in relation to compensation under Part VIII of this Act. (6)Where under section 280 of this Act a person proposes to carry out any works authorised by virtue of subsection (9) of that section— (a)he shall not carry out those works unless notice of his intention to do so was included in the notice required by subsection (1) of this section ; and (b)if the land in question is held by statutory undertakers, and those undertakers object to the proposed works on the grounds that the carrying out thereof would be seriously detrimental to the carrying on of their undertaking, the works shall not be carried out except with the authority of the appropriate Minister. 282Local inquiries (1)The Secretary of State may cause a local inquiry to be held for the purposes of the exercise of any of his functions under any of the provisions of this Act. (2)The provisions of subsections (2) to (5) of section 290 of the .Local Government Act 1933 (which relate to the giving of evidence at, and defraying the cost of, local inquiries) shall have effect with respect to any inquiry held by virtue of this section as if the Secretary of State were a department for the purposes of that section. 283Service of notices (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, any notice or other document required or authorised to be served or given under this Act may be served or given either— (a)by delivering it to the person on whom it is to be served or to whom it is to be given ; or (b)by leaving it at the usual or last known place of abode of that person, or, in a case where an address for service has been given by that person, at that address ; or (c)by sending it in a prepaid registered letter, or by the recorded delivery service, addressed to that person at his usual or last known place of abode, or, in a case where an address for service has been given by that person, at that address ; or (d)in the case of an incorporated company or body, by delivering it to the secretary or clerk of the company or body at their registered or principal office, or sending it in a prepaid registered letter, or by the recorded delivery service, addressed to the secretary or clerk of the company or body at that office. (2)Where the notice or document is required or authorised to be served on any person as having an interest in premises, and the name of that person cannot be ascertained after reasonable inquiry, or where the notice or document is required or authorised to be served on any person as an occupier of premises, the notice or document shall be taken to be duly served if— (a)being addressed to him either by name or by the description of " the owner " or " the occupier ", as the case may be, of the premises (describing them) it is delivered or sent in the manner specified in subsection (1)(a), (b) or (c) of this section ; or (b)being so addressed, and marked in such manner as may be prescribed by regulations under this Act for securing that it shall be plainly identifiable as a communication of importance, it is sent to the premises in a prepaid registered letter or by the recorded delivery service and is not returned to the authority sending it, or is delivered to some person on those premises, or is affixed conspicuously to some object on those premises. (3)Where the notice or other document is required to be served on or given to all persons having interests in, or being occupiers of, premises comprised in any land, and it appears to the authority required or authorised to serve or give the notice or other document that any part of that land is unoccupied, the notice or document shall be taken to be duly served on all persons having interests in, and on any occupiers of, premises comprised in that part of the land (other than a person who has given to that authority an address for the service of the notice or document on him) if it is addressed to " the owners and any occupiers " of that part of the land (describing it) and is affixed conspicuously to some object on the land. 284Power to require information as to interests in land (1)For the purpose of enabling the Secretary of State or a local authority to make an order or serve any notice or other document which, by any of the provisions of this Act, he or they are authorised or required to make or serve, the Secretary of State or the local authority may require the occupier of any premises and any person who, either directly or indirectly, receives rent in respect of any premises to state in writing the nature of his interest therein, and the name and address of any other person known to him as having an interest therein, whether as a freeholder, mortgagee, lessee or otherwise. (2)Any person who, having been required in pursuance of this section to give any information, fails to give that information shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £100. (3)Any person who, having been so required to give any information, knowingly makes any misstatement in respect thereof shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400 or on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to a fine, or both. 285Offences by corporations (1)Where an offence under this Act (other than section 57 or paragraph 4 of Schedule 12) which has been committed by a body corporate is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any neglect on the part of, a director, manager, secretary or other similar officer of the body corporate, or any person who was purporting to act in any such capacity, he, as well as the body corporate, shall be guilty of that offence and be liable to be proceeded against accordingly. (2)In subsection (1) of this section the expression " director ", in relation to any body corporate established by or under an enactment for the purpose of carrying on under national ownership an industry or part of an industry or undertaking, being a body corporate whose affairs are managed by the members thereof, means a member of that body corporate. 286Combined applications (1)Regulations made under this Act may provide for the combination in a single document, made in such form and transmitted to such authority as may be prescribed by the regulations, of— (a)an application for planning permission in respect of any development; and (b)an application required, under any enactment specified in the regulations, to be made to a local authority in respect of that development. (2)Before making any regulations under this section, the Secretary of State shall consult with such local authorities or associations of local authorities as appear to him to be concerned. (3)Different provision may be made by any such regulations in relation to areas in which different enactments are in force. (4)An application required to be made to a local authority under an enactment specified in any such regulations shall, if made in accordance with the provisions of the regulations, be valid notwithstanding anything in that enactment prescribing, or enabling any authority to prescribe, the form in which, or the manner in which, such an application is to be made. (5)Subsection (4) of this section shall have effect without prejudice to— (a)the validity of any application made in accordance with the enactment in question ; or (b)any provision of that enactment enabling a local authority to require further particulars of the matters to which the application relates, (6)5 In this section " application " includes a submission. 287Regulations and orders (1)The Secretary of State may make regulations under this Act— (a)for prescribing the form of any notice, order or other document authorised or required by any of the provisions of this Act to be served, made or issued by any local authority; (b)for any purpose for which regulations are authorised or required to be made under this Act, not being a purpose for which regulations are authorised or required to be made by another Minister. (2)Any power conferred by this Act to make regulations shall be exercisable by statutory instrument; and any statutory instrument containing regulations made under this Act (except regulations which, by virtue of any provision of this Act, are of no effect unless approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament) shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. (3)Any power conferred by any of the provisions of this Act to make an order shall include power to vary or revoke any such order by a subsequent order. (4)The power to make orders under sections 1(2), 21, 22(2)(f), 24, 55(3), 69, 73(6), 74(4)(b), 75(8), 192(4)(a) and 269 of this Act shall be exercisable by statutory instrument. (5)Any statutory instrument— (a)which contains an order under subsection (2) of section 1 of this Act which has been made after a local inquiry has been held in accordance with the proviso to that subsection; or (b)which contains a development order or an order under section 69, 73(6), 75(8) or 192(4)(a) of this Act,shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. (6)Without prejudice to subsection (5) of this section, where a development order makes provision for excluding or modifying any enactment contained in a public general Act (other than any of the enactments specified in Schedule 22 to this Act) the order shall not have effect until that provision is approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament. (7)Any order under this Act which designates an area for the purposes of section 74(4)(b) of this Act shall cease to have effect at the end of the period of twenty-eight days beginning with the day on which the order is made (but without prejudice to anything previously done under the order or to the making of a new order) unless before the end of that period the order is approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament. (8)In reckoning any period for the purposes of subsection (7) of this section, no account shall be taken of any time during which Parliament is dissolved or prorogued or during which both Houses are adjourned for more than four days. (9)Any order under section 69, 73(6), 74(4)(b) or 75(8) of this Act may contain such supplementary and incidental provisions as may appear to the Secretary of State to be appropriate. (10)Any power (exercisable in accordance with section 294(2) of this Act) to make regulations or orders under this Act before the date of the commencement of this Act shall include power, by any regulations or order so made, to revoke any regulations or order made under any of the enactments which, as from that date, are repealed by this Act or having effect by virtue of any of those enactments as if made thereunder. 288Licensing planning areas (1)Where the united district for which, by an order under section 1 of this Act, a joint planning board is constituted comprises a licensing planning area, or the whole or part of such a united district is included in a licensing planning area, the Secretary of State may by order revoke or vary any order in force under Part VII of the Licensing Act 1964 so far as may be necessary or expedient in consequence of the order under section 1 of this Act. (2)Subject to subsection (1) of this section, nothing in any order made under section 1 of this Act shall affect the validity of any order in force under Part VII of the Licensing Act 1964 if made before the date of the order under section 1 of this Act. 289Act not excluded by special enactments For the avoidance of doubt it is hereby declared that the provisions of this Act, and any restrictions or powers thereby imposed or conferred in relation to land, apply and may be exercised in relation to any land notwithstanding that provision is made by any enactment in force at the passing of the Act of 1947, or by any local Act passed at any time during the Session of Parliament held during the regnal years 10 & 11 Geo. 6, for authorising or regulating any development of the land. 290Interpretation (1)In this Act, except in so far as the context otherwise requires and subject to the transitional provisions hereinafter contained, the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them respectively, that is to say:— " acquiring authority ", in relation to the acquisition of an interest in land (whether compulsorily or by agreement) or to a proposal so to acquire such an interest, means the government department, local authority or other body by whom the interest is, or is proposed to be, acquired; " the Act of 1944 " means the Town and Country Planning Act 1944; " the Act of 1947 " means the Town and Country Planning Act 1947; "the Act of 1954 "means the Town and Country Planning Act 1954; "the Act of 1959 " means the Town and Country Planning Act 1959; " the Act of 1962 " means the Town and Country Planning Act 1962; " the Act of 1968 " means the Town and Country Planning Act 1968; "advertisement" means any word, letter, model, sign, placard, board, notice, device or representation, whether illuminated or not, in the nature of, and employed wholly or partly for the purposes of, advertisement, announcement or direction, and (without prejudice to the preceding provisions of this definition), includes any hoarding or similar structure used, or adapted for use, for the display of advertisements, and references to the display of advertisements shall be construed accordingly; "agriculture" includes horticulture, fruit growing, seed growing, dairy farming, the breeding and keeping of livestock (including any creature kept for the production of food, wool, skins or fur, or for the purpose of its use in the farming of land), the use of land as grazing land, meadow land, osier land, market gardens and nursery grounds, and the use of land for woodlands where that use is ancillary to the farming of land for other agricultural purposes, and "agricultural" shall be construed accordingly; " the appointed day " means 1st July 1948 ; " the appropriate Minister " has the meaning assigned to it by section 224 of this Act; " area of extensive war damage " and " area of bad layout or obsolete development" mean respectively an area consisting of land shown to the satisfaction of the Secretary of State to have sustained war damage or, as the case may be, to be badly laid out or of obsolete development, or consisting of such land together with other land contiguous or adjacent thereto, being in each case land comprised in an area which is defined by a development plan as an area of comprehensive development; " authority possessing compulsory purchase powers", in relation to the compulsory acquisition of an interest in land, means the person or body of persons effecting the acquisition, and, in relation to any other transaction relating to an interest in land, means any person or body of persons who could be or have been authorised to acquire that interest compulsorily for the purposes for which the transaction is or was effected, or a body (being a parish council or parish meeting or the council of a borough included in a rural district) on whose behalf a county council could be or have been so authorised; " authority to whom Part II of the Act of 1959 applies " means a body of any of the descriptions specified in Part I of Schedule 4 to the Act of 1959; " bridleway "has the same meaning as in the Highways Act 1959; "building" (except in sections 73 to 86 of this Act and Schedule 12 there(a) includes any structure or erection, and any part of a building, as so defined, but does not include plant or machinery comprised in a building; " buildings or works " includes waste materials, refuse and other matters deposited on land, and references to the erection or construction of buildings or works shall be construed accordingly; " building operations" includes rebuilding operations, structural alterations of or additions to buildings, and other operations normally undertaken by a person carrying on business as a builder; "caravan site" has the meaning assigned to it by section 1(4) of the Caravan Sites and Control of Development Act 1960; "clearing", in relation to land, means the removal of buildings or materials from the land, the levelling of the surface of the land, and the carrying out of such other operations in relation thereto as may be prescribed; "common" includes any land subject to be enclosed under the Inclosure Acts 1845 to 1882, and any town or village green; "compulsory acquisition " does not include the vesting in a person by an Act of Parliament of property previously vested in some other person; "conservation area" means an area designated under section 277 of this Act; " development" has the meaning assigned to it by section 22 of this Act, and "develop" shall be construed accordingly; " development order " has the meaning assigned to it by section 24 of this Act; " development plan " (subject to section 21 of, and paragraphs 1 and 8 of Schedule 6 to, this Act) shall be construed in accordance with section 20 of this Act; " disposal" means disposal by way of sale, exchange or lease, or by way of the creation of any easement, right or privilege, or in any other manner, except by way of appropriation, gift or mortgage, and " dispose of " shall be construed accordingly; " enactment" includes an enactment in any local or private Act of Parliament, and an order, rule, regulation, bye-law or scheme made under an Act of Parliament; " enforcement notice " means a notice under section 87 of this Act; " engineering operations " includes the formation or laying out of means of access to highways ; " erection ", in relation to buildings as defined in this subsection, includes extension, alteration and re-erection; " established use certificate " has the meaning assigned to it by section 94 of this Act; " footpath " has the same meaning as in the Highways Act 1959; " fuel or field garden allotment" means any allotment set out as a fuel allotment, or a field garden allotment, under an Inclosure Act; " functions " includes powers and duties ; "government department" includes any Minister of the Crown; " the Greater London development plan " (except in Part II of Schedule 5 to this Act) means the development plan submitted to the Minister of Housing and Local Government under section 25 of the London Government Act 1963 and approved by the Secretary of State under section 5 of the Act of 1962 or the corresponding provision of this Act; " highway " has the same meaning as in the Highways Act, 1959; " improvement", in relation to a highway, has the same meaning as in the Highways Act 1959 as amended by the Highways Act 1971; " industrial development certificate" has the meaning assigned to it by section 67 of this Act; " joint planning board " has the meaning assigned to it by section 1 of this Act; "land" means any corporeal hereditament, including a building, and, in relation to the acquisition of land under Part VI of this Act, includes any interest in or right over land; " lease" includes an underlease and an agreement for a lease or underlease, but does not include an option to take a lease or a mortgage, and "leasehold interest" means the interest of the tenant under a lease as so defined; " listed building " has the meaning assigned to it by section 54(9) of this Act; "listed building consent" has the meaning assigned to it by section 55(2) of this Act; " listed building enforcement notice" has the meaning assigned to it by section 96 of this Act; " listed building purchase notice " has the meaning assigned to it by section 190 of this Act; " local authority " (except in section 215 of this Act) means the council of a county, county borough or county district, the Greater London Council, the council of a London borough and any other authority (except the Receiver for the Metropolitan Police District) who are a local authority within the meaning of the Local Loans Act 1875 and includes any river authority, any drainage board and any joint board or joint committee if all the constituent authorities are local authorities within the meaning of that Act; "local highway authority" means a highway authority other than the Secretary of State; " local planning authority " has the meaning assigned to it by section 1 of, and Schedule 3 to, this Act; " London borough " includes the City of London, references to the council of a London borough or the clerk to such a council being construed, in relation to the City, as references to the Common Council of the City and the town clerk of the City respectively ; " means of access " includes any means of access, whether private or public, for vehicles or for foot passengers, and includes a street; " minerals " includes all minerals and substances in or under land of a kind ordinarily worked for removal by underground or surface working, except that it does not include peat cut for purposes other than sale ; " Minister" means any Minister of the Crown or other government department; " mortgage " includes any charge or lien on any property for securing money or money's worth; "new development" has the meaning assigned to it by section 22(5) of this Act; " open space" means any land laid out as a public garden, or used for the purposes of public recreation, or land which is a disused burial ground; " operational land " has the meaning assigned to it by section 222 of this Act; " owner ", in relation to any land, means (except in sections 27 and 29 of this Act) a person, other than a mortgagee not in possession, who, whether in his own right or as trustee for any other person, is entitled to receive the rack rent of the land, or, where the land is not let at a rack rent, would be so entitled if it were so let; " planning decision " means a decision made on an application under Part III of this Act; " planning permission " means permission under Part III of this Act, and in construing references to planning permission to develop land or to carry out any development of land, or to applications for such permission, regard shall be had to section 32(2) of this Act; " planning permission granted for a limited period " has the meaning assigned to it by section 30(2) of this Act; " prescribed" (except in relation to matters expressly required or authorised by this Act to be prescribed in some other way) means prescribed by regulations under this Act; " previous apportionment", in relation to an apportionment for any of the purposes of the relevant provisions, means an apportionment made before the apportionment in question, being— (a)an apportionment for any of the purposes of the relevant provisions as made, confirmed or varied by the Lands Tribunal on a reference to that Tribunal; or (b)an apportionment for any of those purposes which might have been referred' to the Lands Tribunal by virtue of any of the relevant-provisions, where the time for such a- reference has expired without its being required to be so referred, or where, after it had been so referred, the reference was withdrawn before the Tribunal gave their decision thereon; or (c)an apportionment made by or with the approval of the Central Land Board in connection with the approval by the Board, under section 2(2) of the Town and Country Planning Act 1953 of an assignment of part of the benefit of an established claim (as defined by section 135(4) of this Act), and in this definition " the relevant provisions " means my of the provisions of Part VII of this Act or of Part VI of the Act of 1962, any of those provisions as applied by any other provision of this Act or that Act, and any of the provisions of the Act of 1954; " purchase notice " has the meaning assigned to it by section 180 of this Act; " relocation of population or industry ", in relation to any area, means the rendering available elsewhere than in that area (whether in an existing community or a community to be newly established) of accommodation for residential purposes or for the carrying on of business or other activities, together with all appropriate public services, facilities for public worship, recreation and amenity, and other requirements, being accommodation to be rendered available for persons or undertakings who are living or carrying on business or other activities in that area or who were doing so but by reason of war circumstances are no longer for the time being doing so, and whose continued or resumed location in that area would be inconsistent with the proper planning thereof; " replacement of open space", in relation to any area, means the rendering of land available for use as an open space, or otherwise in an undeveloped state, in substitution for land in that area which is so used; "statutory undertakers " means persons authorised by any enactment, to carry on any railway, light railway, tramway, road transport, water transport, canal, inland navigation, dock, harbour, pier or lighthouse undertaking, or any undertaking for the supply of electricity, gas, hydraulic power or water, and "statutory undertaking" shall be construed accordingly; "stop notice" has the meaning assigned to it by section 90 of this Act; " tenancy " has the same meaning as in the Landlord and Tenant Act 1954; "tree preservation order " has the meaning assigned to it by section 60 of this Act; " use ", in relation to land, does not include the use of land for the carrying out of any building or other operations thereon; " Valuation Office" means the Valuation Office of the Inland Revenue Department; " Wales" includes Monmouthshire and references to England shall be construed accordingly ; " war damage" has the same meaning as in the War Damage Act 1943. (2)If, in relation to anything required or authorised to be done under this Act, any question arises as to which Minister is or was the appropriate Minister in relation to any statutory undertakers, that question shall be determined by the Treasury; and if any question so arises whether land of statutory undertakers is operational land, that question shall be determined by the Minister who is the appropriate Minister in relation to those undertakers. (3)Words in this Act importing a reference to service of a notice to treat shall be construed as including a reference to the constructive service of such a notice which, by virtue of any enactment, is to be deemed to be served. (4)With respect to references in this Act to planning decisions— (a)in relation to a decision altered on appeal by the reversal or variation of the whole or part thereof, such references shall be construed as references to the decision as so altered; (b)in relation to a decision upheld on appeal, such references shall be construed as references to the decision of the local planning authority and not to the decision of the Secretary of State on the appeal; (c)in relation to a decision given on an appeal in the circumstances mentioned in section 37 of this Act, such references shall be construed as references to the decision so given; (d)the time of a planning decision, in a case where there is or was an appeal, shall be taken to be or have been the time of the decision as made by the local planning authority (whether or not that decision is or was altered on that appeal) or, in the case of a decision given on an appeal in the circumstances mentioned in section 37 of this Act, the time when in accordance with that section notification of a decision of the local planning authority is deemed to have been received. (5)Subject to section 43(1) of this Act, for the purposes of this Act development of land shall be taken to be initiated— (a)if the development consists of the carrying out of operations, at the time when those operations are begun; (b)if the development consists of a change in use, at the time when the new use is instituted; (c)if the development consists both of the carrying out of operations and of a change in use, at the earlier of the times mentioned in the preceding paragraphs. (6)In relation to the sale or acquisition of an interest in land, references in this Act to a contract are references to a contract in writing, or a contract attested by a memorandum of note thereof in writing signed by the parties thereto or by some other person or persons authorised by them in that behalf, and, where the interest is or was conveyed or assigned without a preliminary contract, are references to the conveyance or assignment; and references to the making of a contract are references to the execution thereof or (if it was not in writing) to the signature of the memorandum or note by which it was attested. (7)In this Act— (a)references to a person from whom tide is derived by another person include references to any predecessor in tide of that other person ; (b)references to a person deriving title from another person include references to any successor in title of that other person; (c)references to deriving title are references to deriving title either directly or indirectly. (8)References in this Act to any of the provisions in Part V or VI of Schedule 21 to this Act include, except where the context otherwise requires, references to those provisions as modified under section 270 or 271 of this Act. (9)References in this Act to any enactment shall, except where the context otherwise requires, be onstrued as references to that enactment as amended by or under any other enactment, including this Act. 291Consequential amendments (1)The enactments specified in Schedule 23 to this Act shall have effect subject to the amendments specified in that Schedule, being amendments consequential upon the provisions of this Act. (2)References in any Act to the acquisition of land under Part V of the Act of 1962 or to land acquired thereunder (including references which, by Schedule 14 to that Act, are to be construed as such) shall be respectively construed as, or as including (according as the context requires) references to the acquisition of land under Part VI of this Act and to land acquired thereunder. 292Transitional provisions, savings and repeals (1)The transitional provisions and savings contained in Schedule 24 to this Act shall have effect. (2)Subject to the provisions of that Schedule, the enactments specified in Schedule 25 to this Act are hereby repealed to the extent specified in the third column of that Schedule. 293Saving for Interpretation Act 1889 s.38 The inclusion in this Act of any express savings, transitional provision or amendment shall not be taken as prejudicing the operation of section 38 of the Interpretation Act 1889 (which relates to the effect of repeals). 294Commencement (1)Except as provided in section 21 of this Act and subject to the following provisions of this section, this Act shall come into operation on 1st April 1972 (in this section referred to as " the commencement date "). (2)This section, any provisions of this Act which confer any power to make regulations or orders, or which (whether expressly or as construed in accordance with section 32(3) of the Interpretation Act 1889) confer any power to revoke or vary any regulations or orders, and any provisions of this Act relating to the exercise of any such power, shall come into operation on the passing of this Act; but no regulations or order shall be made under this Act so as to come into operation before the commencement date. (3)In subsection (2) of this section the reference to provisions of this Act relating to the exercise of any such power as is therein mentioned includes a reference to any provisions of this Act whereby statutory instruments containing regulations or an order are subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament, or whereby any regulations or order or any provisions thereof require the approval of each of those Houses. (4)Any reference in this Act to the commencement of this Act is a reference to the coming into operation of so much of this Act as comes into operation on the commencement date, and any reference to the date of the commencement of this Act is a reference to that date; and if any Act passed after the passing of this Act refers to the commencement of this Act, subsections (2) and (3) of this section and section 21 of this Act shall be disregarded for the purpose of construing that reference in accordance with section 36 of the Interpretation Act 1889 (which relates to the meaning of " commencement" with reference to an Act). (5)The preceding provisions of this section shall have effect without prejudice to the generality of section 37 of the Interpretation Act 1889 (which relates to the exercise of statutory powers between the passing and the commencement of an Act). 295Short title and extent (1)This Act may be cited as the Town and Country Planning Act 1971. (2)This Act, except so far as it relates to the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1957 or (by Schedule 23) amends any enactment which extends to Scotland or Northern Ireland, extends to England and Wales only. ### 1.--(1) There shall continue to be a council entitled the Council on Council on Tribunals (being the council constituted by the Tribunals. Tdbunals and Inquiries Act 1958)- 1958 c. 66. (a) to keep under review the constitution and working of the tribunals specihed in Schedule 1 to this Act (being the tribunals constituted under or for the purposes of the statutory provisions specified in that Schedule) and, from time to time, to report on their constitution and working; (b) to consider and report on such particular matters as may be referred to the Council under this Act with respect to tribunals other than the ordinary courts of law, whether or not specified in Schedule 1 to this Act, or any such tdbunal ; (c) to consider and report on such matters as may be referred as aforesaid, or as the Council may determine to be of special importance, with respect to admini- strative procedures involving, or which may involve, the holding by or on behalf of a Minister of a statutory inquiry, or any such procedure. (2) Nothing in this section shall authodse or require the Council to deal with any matter with respect to which the Parliament of Northern Ireland has power to make laws. Tribunals and Inquiries Act 197] c. 62 2 Composition of the Council and the Scottish Committee. Tenure of office, remuneration and expenses. Reports of, and references to, Council and Scottish Committee. 2.-(1) Subject to subsection (3) of this section the Council on Tdbunals (in this Act referred to as the Council) shall consist of not more than fifteen nor less than ten members appointed by the Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State, and one of the members shall be so appointed to be chairman of the Council. (2) There shall be a Scottish Committee of the Council (in this Act referred to as the Scottish Committee) which, subject to subsection (3) of this section, shall consist of- (a) either two or three members of the Council designated by the Secretary of State; and (b) either three or four persons, not being members of the Council, appointed by the Secretary of State; and the Secretary of State shall appoint one of the members of the Scottish Committee (being a member of the Council) to be chairman of the Scottish Committee. (3) In addition to the persons appointed or designated as afore- said, the Parliamentary Commissioner for Administration shall, by virtue of his oliice, be a member of the Council and of tHe Scottish Committee. (4) In appointing members of the Council regard shall be had to the need for representation of the interests of persons in Wales. 3.-(1) Persons appointed under section 2 of this Act shall hold and vacate oliice under the terms of the instruments under which they are appointed, but may resign ollice by notice in writing to the Minister or Ministers by whom they were appointed; and any such person who ceases to hold ollice shall be eligible for re-appointment. (2) There shall be paid to the chairman of the Council and the chairman of the Scottish Committee such salaries, and to the other members of the Council and of the Scottish Committee such fees (if any) as may be determined by the Treasury. (3) The salaries and fees payable under subsection (2) of this section, together with such expenses of the Council and of the Scottish Committee (including subsistence allowances for and travelling expenses of their members) as may be approved by the Treasury shall be defrayed out; of moneys provided by Parliament. 4.-(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, any report by, or reference to, the Council shall be made to, or as the case may be by, the Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State. (2) A reference to the Council of a matter relating only to England and Wales may be made by the Lord Chancellor, and c. 62 Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1971 a reference to the Council of a matter relating only to Scotland may be made by the Secretary of State , and the report of the Council on a reference so made shall be made to the Minister making the reference. (3) The Council shall not make a report on any such tribunal as is specified in Part II of Schedule 1 to this Act, or on any matter referred to the Council by the Secretary of State, until the Council have referred the matter of the report for considera- tion, and report to the Council, by the Scottish Committee and have considered the report of that Committee. (4) Where, without any reference having been made to them, the Council report on any such matter as is mentioned in section 1(1)(c) of this Act, then- (a) if the matter relates only to England and Wales, sub- section (2) of this section shall apply as if the matter had been referred to the Council by the Lord Chancellor; (b) if the matter relates only to Scotland, subsections (2) and (3) of this section shall apply as if the matter had been referred to them by the Secretary of State. (5) The Scottish Committee may of its own motion make a report to the Council with respect to the constitution or working of any such tribunal as is specified in Part II of Schedule 1 to this Act or with respect to any matter falling within section 1(1)(c) of this Act and reladng only to Scotland. (6) If the Council, in reponing on any matter which they have referred to the Scottish Committee or on which that Committee has reported to the Council of its own motion, do not adopt the report of that Committee without modification, or if the Council do not make a report on matters on which the Scottish Commit- tee has reported to the Council of its own motion, the Scottish Committee may submit its report to the Secretary of State. (7) The Council shall make an annual report to the Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State on their proceedings and those of the Scottish Committee, and the Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State shall lay the annual report before Parliament with such comments (if any) as they think Ht. 5.--(1) Without prejudice to the generality of section 1(1)(a) Recommenda- of this Act, the Council may make to the appropriate Minister lions of general recommendations as to the making of.appointments to goapplligsment membership of any such tdbunals as are specihed in Schedule of members l to this Act or of panels constituted for the purposes of any of tribunals. such tribunals , and (without prejudice, however, to any statutory provisions having effect with respect to such appointments) the appropriate Minister shall have regard to recommendations under this section. Tribunals and Inquiries Act 197] c. 62 3 (2) In this section the appropriate Minister means, in rela- tion to appointments of any description, the Minister making the appointments or, if they are not made by a Minister, the Minister in charge of the government department concerned with the tribunals in question. (3) The following provisions shall have effect as respects amy such tribunal as is specihed in Part II of Schedule 1 to this Act- (a) the Council shall not make any such recommendations as aforesaid until they have referred the matter of the recommendations for consideration, and report to the Council, by the Scottish Committee and have considered the report of that Committee; (b) without prejudice to the generality of section 4(5) of this Act, the Scottish Committee may of its own motion propose any such general recommendations as aforesaid as expedient to be made by the Council to the appropriate Minister; (c) if the Council, in making recommendations under this section on any matter which they have referred to the Scottish Committee or on which that Committee has made proposals, do not adopt the report or proposals of that Committee without rnodihcation, or if the Council do not make recommendations on matters on which the Scottish Committee has made proposals to the Council, the Scottish Committee may submit its report or proposals to the Secretary of State. RightofCoun- 6. A member of the Council, in his capacity as such, may cil member .to attend any hearing conducted under section 231(2) of the Local uft3gd3§gfgggs Government Act 1933 (procedure on appeal or application to of Local the Secretary of State in respect of district audit). Government Act 1933. 1933 c. 51. of certain tribunals : provisions as to appoint- ment. 7.-(1) The chairman, or any person appointed to act as chairman, of any of the tribunals to which this subsection applies shall (without prejudice to any statutory provisions as to quali- Hcations) be selected by the appropdate authority from a panel of persons appointed by the Lord Chancellor. (2) Members of panels constituted under this section shall hold and vacate ollice under the terms of the instruments under which they are appointed, but may resign oliice by notice in writing to the Lord Chancellor , and any such member who ceases to hold office shall be eligible for re-appointment. Chairmen etc. Composition and procedure of tribunals and inquiries 4 c. 62 Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1971 (3) Subsection (1) of this section applies to any such tribunal as is specified in paragraph 18(b) or (c), 19(a), (b) or (e), 20 or 28(a) of Schedule 1 to this Act, but, in relation to any such tdbunal as is specified in paragraph 28(a) of that Schedule, this section shall have effect subject to paragraph 3(3) of Schedule 10 to the Rent Act 1968. 1968 c. 23. (4) The person or persons constituting any such tribunal as is specihed in paragraph 16 of Schedule 1 to this Act shall be appointed by the Lord Chancellor, and where such a tribunal consists of more than one person the Lord Chaancellor shall designate which of them is to be the chairman. (5) In this section the appropriate authority means the Minister who apart from this Act would be empowered to appoint or select the chairman, person to act as chairman, members or member of the tribunal in question. (6) A panel may be constituted under this section for the purposes either of a single tribunal or of two or more tribunals, whether or not of the same description. (7) The following provisions shall have effect for the application of this section to Scotland- (a) in relation to any of the tribunals referred to in the fore- going provisions of this section which sits in Scotland, this section shall have effect with the substitution for any reference to the Lord Chancellor of a reference to the Lord President of the Court of Session; (b) subsection (1) of this section shall apply, with the sub- stitution aforesaid, to any such tribunal as is specified in paragraph 45(a) of Schedule 1 to this Act. (8) In relation to any of the tribunals referred to in the fore- going provisions of this section which sits in Northern Ireland, this section shall have effect with the substitution for any reference to the Lord Chancellor of a reference to the Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland. 8.-(1) Subject to subsection (2) of this section, no power of Concurrence a Minister other than the Lord Chancellor to terminate a required for persons membership of any such tribunal as 1s specified in removal off Schedule 1 to this Act, or of a panel constituted for the purposes §;$ai§fS o of any such tribunal, shall be exercisable except with the consent tribunals. of- (a) the Lord Chancellor, the Lord President of the Court of Session and the Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland, if the tdbunal sits in all parts of the United Kingdom; A2 Tribunals and Inquiries Act 197] c. 62 6 Legal quali- fications for certain tribunals. 1948 c. 64. Procedural rules for tribunals. (b) the Lord Chancellor and the Lord President of the Court of Session, if the tribunal sits in all parts of Great Britain; (c) the Lord Chancellor and the Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland, if the tribunal sits both in England and Wales and in Northern Ireland , (d) the Lord Chancellor, if the tribunal does not sit outside England and Wales ; (e) the Lord President of the Court of Session, if the tribunal sits only in Scotland ; (f) the Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland, if the tribunal sits only in Northern Ireland. (2) this section does not apply to any such tribunal as is specified in paragraph 17(a), 22, 25(a), 29(b), 30, 35 or 41(a) of Schedule 1 to this Act. (3) For tl1e purposes of this section in its application to any such tribunal as is specified in paragraph 8(a) of Schedule 1 to this Act, an adjudicator who has sat only in England or Wales or who has sat only in Scotland or who has sat only in Northern Ireland shall be deemed to constitute a tribunal which does not sit outside England and Wales or which sits only in Scotland or which sits only in Northern Ireland, as the case may be. 9. A person shall not be qualified to be appointed~ (a) umpire or deputy umpire under section 41(4) of the National Service Act 1948 ; or (IJ) chairman or deputy chairman of the appellate tribunal constituted under Schedule 4 to that Act, unless he is a bardster, advocate or solicitor of not less than ten years standing. 10._(1) No power of a Minister, the Lord President of the Court of Session or the Commissioners of Inland Revenue to make, approve, confimi or concur in procedural rules for any such tribunal as is specified in Schedule l to this Act shall be exercisable except after consultation with the Council. (2) The Council, in the exercise of their functions under this section as respects any such tribunal as is specified in Part II of Schedule l to this Act, shall consult with the Scottish Committee. (3) In this section procedural rules includes any statutory provision relating to the procedure of the tribunal in question. c. 62 Tribunals and Inquiries Act 197] 11.-(1) The Lord Chancellor, after consultation with the Procedures Council, may make rules regulating the procedure to be followed connection in connection with statutory inquiries held by or on behalf of inithistgtutory Ministers , and different provision may be made by any such q ' rules in relation to different classes of such inquiries. (2) Any rules made by the Lord Chancellor under this section shall have effect, in relation to any statutory inquiry, subject to the provisions of the enactment under which the inquiry is held, and of any rules or regulations made under that enactment. (3) Subject to subsection (2) of this section, rules made under this section may regulate procedure in connection with matters preparatory to such statutory inquiries as are mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, and in connection with matters subsequent to such inquiries, as well as in connection with the conduct of proceedings at such inquiries. (4) In the application of this section to inquiries held in Scotland, for any reference to the Lord Chancellor there shall be substituted a reference to the Secretary of State , and the Council, in exercising their functions under this section in relation to rules to be made by the Secretary of State, shall consult with the Scottish Committee. 12.-(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, where- lgtasons ;° ven or (a) any such tribunal as 1s specified 1n Schedule 1 to this decglions of Act gives any decision , or tribunals and . . . . . . Ministers. (b) any Minister notifies any decision taken by hun after the holding by him or on his behalf of a statutory inquiry, or taken by him in a case in which a person concerned could (Whether by objecting or otherwise) have required the holding as aforesaid of a statutory inquiry, it shall be the duty of the tribunal or Minister to furnish a state- ment, either written or oral, of the reasons for the decision if requested, on or before the giving or notification of the decision, to state the reasons. (2) The said statement may be refused, or the specification of the reasons restricted, on grounds of national security, and the tribunal or Minister may refuse to furnish the statement to a person not primarily concerned with the decision if of opinion that to furnish it would be contrary to the interests of any person primarily concerned. (3) Subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to any decision taken by a Minister after the holding by him or on his behalf of any inquiry or hearing which is a statutory inquiry by virtue A3 Tribunals and Inquiries Act 197] c. 62 7 8 Appeals from certain tribunals. 1925 c. 49. only of an order made under section 19(2) of this Act unless the order contains a direction that this section is to apply in relation to any inquiry or hearing to which the order applies. (4) Subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to decisions in respect of which any statutory provision has effect, apart from this section, as to the giving of reasons, or to decisions of a Minister in connecdon with the preparation, making, approval, confirmation, or concurrence in regulations, rules, or byelaws, or orders or schemes of a legislative and not executive character. (5) Any statement of the reasons for such a decision as is mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) of subsection (1) of this section, whether given in pursuance of that subsection or of any other statutory provision, shall be taken to form part of the decision and accordingly to be incorporated in the record. (6) If, after consultation with the Council, it appears to the Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State that it is expedient that decisions of any particular tdbunal or any description of such decisions, or any description of decisions of a Minister, should be excluded from the operation of subsection (1) of this section on the ground that the subject-matter of such decisions, or the circumstances in which they are made, make the giving of reasons unnecessary or impracticable, the Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State may by order direct that subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to such decisions. Judicial control of tribunals etc. 13.-(1) If any party toproceedings before any such tribunal as is specihed in paragraph 2(b), 4, 6, 10, 16, 17(b), 18(a), 21, 26, 28(a) or (b) or 32 of Schedule 1 to this Act is dissatisfied in point of law with a decision of the tribunal he may, according as rules of court may provide, either appeal therefrom to the High Court or require the tribunal to state and sign a case for the opinion of the High Court. (2) Rules of court made with respect to all or any of the said tdbunals may provide for authodsing or requiring a tribunal, in the course of proceedings before it, to state, in the form of a special case for the decision of the High Court, any question of law arising in the proceedings; and a decision of the High Court on a case stated by virtue of this subsection shall be deemed to be a judgment of the Court within the meaning of section 27 of the Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925 (jurisdiction of Court of Appeal to hear and determine appeals from judgments of the High Court). (3) In relation to proceedings in the High Court or the Court of Appeal brought by virtue of this section the power to make c. 62 Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1971 ales of court shall include power to make rules prescdbing the powers of the High Court or the Court of Appeal with respect ro- (a) the giving of any decision which might have been given by the tribunal; (b) the remitting of the matter with the opinion or direction of the court for re-hearing and determination by the tribunal; (c) the giving of directions to the tribunal; and different provisions may be made for different tdbunals. (4) Rules of court relating to such proceedings as aforesaid may provide for excluding so much of section 63(1) of the said Act of 1925 as requires appeals to the High Court to be heard and determined by a Divisional Court; but no appeal to the Court of Appeal shall be brought by virtue of this section except with the leave of the High Court or the Court of Appeal. (5) Subsection (1) of this section shall apply to a decision of the Secretary of State on an appeal from the traliic com- missioners for any area or the traffic commissioner for the metro- politan name area as it applies to a decision of any of the tribunals mentioned in that subsection, but with the substitution for the reference to a party to proceedings of a reference to any person who had, or if aggrieved would have had, a right to appeal to the Secretary of State (whether or not he has exercised that right) ; and accordingly references in subsections (1) and (3) of this section to a tribunal shall be consumed, in relation to such an appeal, as references to the Secretary of State. (6) The following provisions shall have effect for the application of this section to Scodand- (a) in relation to any proceedings in Scotland of any of the tribunals referred to in the foregoing provisions of this section, or to a decision of the Secretary of State on an appeal from proceedings in Scotland of traliic commissioners, this section shall have effect with the following modifications, that is to say- (i) for references to the High Court or the Court of Appeal there shall be substituted references to the Court of Session; (ii) in subsection (2) for the words in the form of a special case for the decision of the High Court there shrill be substituted the words a case for the opinion of the Court of Session on and the words from and a decision to the end of the subsection shall be omitted; (iii) subsection (4) shall be omitted ; Tribunals and Inquiries Act 197] c. 62 10 1962 c. 30. 1877 c. 57. (b) this section shall apply, subject to the modidcations specified in the foregoing paragraph, to proceedings before any such tribunal as is specified in paragraph 38, 39, 4l(b), 42 or 45(a) or (b) of Schedule 1 to this Act as it applies to proceedings before the tribunals referred to in subsection (1) of this section , (c) an appeal shall lie, with the leave of the Court of Session or the House of Lords, from any decision of the Court of Session under this section, and such leave may be given on such terms as to costs or otherwise as the Court of Session or the House of Lords may determine. (7) In relation to any proceedings in Northern Ireland of any of the tribunals referred to in subsection (1) of this section, this section shall have effect with the following modifications, that is to say- (a) in subsection (2), for the Words from the beginning to provide there shall be substituted the words Rules may be made under section 7 of the Northern Ireland Act 1962 providing, and for the words section 27 of the Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925 there shall be substituted the words section 24 of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877 , (b) in subsection (3), for the wordsthe power to make rules of court shall include power to make rules there shall be substituted the words rules may be made under section 7 of the Northern Ireland Act 1962 as s (c) in subsection (4), for the words from the beginning to Divisional Court there shall be substituted the wordsRules made under section 7 of the Northern Ireland Act 1962, relating to such proceedings as aforesaid, shall provide that the appeal shall be heard, or as the case may be, the decision of the High Court shall be given by, a single judge (8) Her Majesty may by Crder in Council direct that all or any of the provisions of this section, so far as it relates to pro- ceedings in the Isle of Man or any of the Channel Islands of the tdbunal specified in paragraph 32 of Schedule l to this Act, shall extend to the Isle of Man or to any of the Channel Islands subject to such modifications as may be specified in the Order. (9) In this section decision includes any direction or order, and references to the giving of a decision shall be construed accordingly. (10) In relation to any such tribunals as are specified in paragraph 10 or 38 of Schedule 1 to this Act this section shall have effect subject to any enactment passed in the same Session as this Act with respect to appeals from such tribunals. c. 62 Tribunals and Inazdries Act 197] 14.-(1) As respects England and Wales or Northern Ireland, Extension of any provision in an Act passed before let August 1958 that any supervisory order or determination shall not be called into question in any powers of court, or ally provision in such an Act which by similar words Zgpfts0I excludes any of the powers of the High Court, shall not have ` effect so as to prevent the removal of the proceedings into the High Court by order of certiorari or to prejudice the powers of the High Court to make orders of mandamus: Provided that this subsection, so far as it relates to the High Court in Northern Ireland, shall not affect any provision in its application to a matter with respect to which the Parliament of Northern Ireland has power to make laws. (2) As respects Scotland, any provision in an Act passed before let August 1958 that any order or determination shall not be called into question in any court, or any provision in such an Act which by similar words excludes any jurisdiction which the Court of Session would otherwise have to entertain an applica- tion for reduction or suspension of any order or determination, or otherwise to consider the validity of any order or determina- tion, shall not have effect so as to prevent the exercise of any such jurisdiction. (3) Nothing in this section shall affect section 26 of the Bdtish 1948 c. 56. Nationality Act 1948 or apply to any order or determination of a court of law or where an Act makes special provision for application to the High Court or the Court of Session within a time limited by the Act. Supplementary provisions 15.-(1) The Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State may Power to by order direct that Part I or Part II of Schedule 1 to this Act apply. Act to shall have effect as if there were specified therein any such adgltlolfal tribunals, other than any of the ordinary courts of law, as may Uiidutloarzpeal be provided by the order. or amend (2) The Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State may by 9gf8g. `ons. order make provision, as respects any such tribunal as is for the time being specified in Schedule 1 to this Act, not being a tdbunal mendoned in section 7 of this Act, for applying any of the provisions of that section to the tribunal or for providing for the appointment by the Lord Chancellor, the Lord President of the Court of Session or the Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland of the chairman of the tribunal and of any person to be appointed to act as chairman. (3) The Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State may by order apply section 13 of this Act to any such tribunal as is for the time being specihed in Schedule 1 to this Act. Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1971 c. 62 11 12 Rules and orders. Transitory provlslons. 1958 c. 66. 1966 c. 43. Consequential amendments, repsals and savings. (4) Any order under the foregoing provisions of this section may make any such adaptations of the provisions of this Act as may be necessary or expedient in consequence of the order. (5) The Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State may by order- (a) repeal or amend section 8(3) of this Act or any of para- graphs 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 18(a), 23(a) and (d), 27, 28(b). 29(d), 34, 38, 39, 43(a), 44 and 45(b) of Schedule 1 to this Act; (b) repeal the references in section 13 of this Act to any of paragraphs 2(b). 10, 18(a), 28(b), 38 and 45(b) of Schedule 1 to this Act. (6) Nothing in this section shall authorise the making of an order with respect to a tribunal having jurisdiction only over matters with respect to which the Parliament of Northern Ireland has power to make laws. 16.-(1) Any power of the Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State or either of them to make rules or orders under this Act shall be exercisable by statutory instrument subject to annul- ment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. (2) Any power of those Ministers to make orders under any section of this Act includes power to vary or revoke any order under that section by a subsequent order but any such subsequent order under section 12(6) of this Act shall be made only after consultation with the Council. 17. Schedule 2 to this Act shall have effect with respect to the matters there dealt with, being matters connected with the coming into force of the Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1958 and the Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1966. 18.- -(1) The enactments specified in Schedule 3 to this Act shall have effect subject to the amendments there specified, being amendments consequential on this Act. (2) The enactments specified in Part I of Schedule 4 to this Act are hereby repealed to the extent specified in the third column of that Part; and the orders specified in Part II of that Schedule are hereby revoked. (3) Any aippointment, designation, determination, rule or order made, any approval or consent given and any other thing done under or for the purposes of any provision repealed or revoked by this Act shall, if in force immediately before the commence- c. 62 Tribunals and Inquiries Act 197] ment of this Act, have effect as if made, given or done under or for the purposes of the corresponding enactment in this Act , and any proceedings or other thing begun under or by virtue of any provision so repealed or revoked may be continued under this Act as if begun thereunder. (4) So much of any document as refers expressly or by impli- cation to any provision repealed or revoked by this Act shall, if and so far as the nature of the subject-matter of the document permits, be construed as referring to this Act or the corresponding enactment therein as the case may require. (5) Nothing in this section shall be taken to prejudice the general application of section 38 of the Interpretation Act 1889 with regard to the effect of repeals. 1889 c. 63. 13 19.--(1) In.~ this Act, except where the context otherwise Interpretation. requires- the Council means the Council on Tribunals; Minister includes any Board presided over by a Minister; the Scottish Committee means the Scottish Committee of the Council on Tdbunals ; statutory inquiry means- (a) an inquiry or hearing held or to be held in pursuance of a duty imposed by any statutory pro- vision ; or (b) an inquiry or headng, or an inquiry or hearing of a class, designated for the purposes of this section by an order under subsection (2) of this section , statutory provision means a provision contained in, or having effect under, any enactment. (2) The Lord Chancellor and the Secretary of State may by order designate for the purposes of this section any inquiry or headng held or to be held in pursuance of a power conferred by any statutory provision specihed or described in the order, or any class of such inquiries or hearings. (3) References in this Act to members of tdbunals include references to the person consdtuting a tdbunal consisting of one person. (4) References in this Act to the working or a decision of, or procedural rules for, any such tribunals as are specified in paragraph 17, 22, 29(a), (b) or (c), 30, 35, 41 or 46, or the Controller of Plant Variety Rights referred to in paragraph 25(a), of Schedule 1 to this Act do not include references to their worldng, decisions or procedure in the exercise of execudve functions. Tribunals and Inquiries Act 197] c. 62 u 14 Short title, commence- ment and extent. 28.-(1) This Act may be cited as the Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1971. (2) This Act shall come into force at the expira~tion of the period of one month beginning with the day on which it is passed. (3) It is hereby declared that this Act extends to Northern Ireland. ### 1Discharge of certain oils into sea outside territorial waters (1)If any oil to which this section applies or any mixture containing such oil is discharged from a ship registered in the United Kingdom into any part of the sea outside the territorial waters of the United Kingdom, the owner or master of the ship shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, be guilty of an offence. (2)This section applies— (a)to crude oil, fuel oil and lubricating oil; and (b)to heavy diesel oil, as defined by regulations made under this section by the Secretary of State ;and shall also apply to any other description of oil which may be specified by regulations made by the Secretary of State, having regard to the provisions of any Convention accepted by Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom in so far as it relates to the prevention of pollution of the sea by oil, or having regard to the persistent character of oil of that description and the likelihood that it would cause pollution if discharged from a ship into any part of the sea outside the territorial waters of the United Kingdom. (3)Regulations made by the Secretary of State may make exceptions from the operation of subsection (1) of this section, either generally or with respect to particular classes of ships, particular descriptions of oil or mixtures containing oil or the discharge of oil or mixtures in particular circumstances or into particular areas of the sea, and may do so either absolutely or subject to any specified conditions. (4)A person guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50,000 or on conviction on indictment to a fine. 2Discharge of oil into United Kingdom waters (1)If any oil or mixture containing oil is discharged as mentioned in. the following paragraphs into waters to which this section applies, then, subject to the provisions of this Act, the following shall be guilty of an offence, that is to say— (a)if the discharge is from a vessel, the owner or master of the vessel, unless he proves that the discharge took place and was caused as mentioned in paragraph (b) of this subsection ; (b)if the discharge is from a vessel but takes place in the course of a transfer of oil to or from another vessel or a place on land and is caused by the act or omission of any person in charge of any apparatus in that other vessel or that place, the owner or master of that other vessel or, as the case may be, the occupier of that place; (c)if the discharge is from a place on land, the occupier of that place, unless he proves that the discharge was caused as mentioned in paragraph (d) of this subsection ; (d)if the discharge is from a place on land and is caused by the act of a person who is in that place without the permission (express or implied) of the occupier, that person; (e)if the discharge takes place otherwise than as mentioned in the preceding paragraphs and is the result of any operations for the exploration of the sea-bed and subsoil or the exploitation of their natural resources, the person carrying on the operations. (2)This section applies to the following waters, that is to-say.— (a)the whole of the sea within the seaward limits of the territorial waters of the United Kingdom ; and (b)all other waters (including inland waters) which are within those limits and are navigable by sea-going ships. (3)In this Act " place on land" includes anything resting on the bed or shore of the sea, or of any other waters to which this section applies, and also includes anything afloat (other than a vessel) if it is anchored or attached to the bed or shore of the sea or of any such waters ; and " occupier in relation to any such thing as is mentioned in the preceding provisions of this subsection, if it has no occupier, means the owner thereof, and, in relation to a railway wagon or road vehicle, means the person in charge of the wagon or vehicle and not the occupier of the land on which the wagon or vehicle stands. (4)A person guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50,000 or on conviction on indictment to a fine. 3Discharge of certain oils from pipe-lines or as the result of exploration etc. in designated areas (1)If any oil to which section 1 of this Act applies, or any mixture containing such oil, is discharged into any part of the sea— (a)from a pipe-line ; or (b)(otherwise than from a ship) as the result of any operation for the exploration of the sea-bed and subsoil or the exploitation of their natural resources in a designated area,then, subject to the following provisions of this Act, the owner of the pipe-line or, as the case may be, the person carrying on the operations' shall be guilty of an offence unless the discharge was from a place in his occupation and he proves that it was due to the act of a person who was there without his permission (express or implied). (2)In this section " designated area " means an area for the time being designated by an Order made under section 1 of the Continental Shelf Act 1964. (3)A person guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50,000 or on conviction on indictment to a fine. 4Equipment in ships to prevent oil pollution (1)For the purpose of preventing or reducing discharges of oil and mixtures containing oil into the sea, the Secretary of State may make regulations- requiring ships registered in the United Kingdom to be fitted with such equipment and to comply with such other requirements as may be specified in the regulations. (2)Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1) of this section, where any regulations made thereunder require ships to be fitted with equipment of a specified description, the regulations may provide that equipment of that description— (a)shall not be installed in a ship to which the regulations apply unless it is of a type tested and approved by a person appointed by the Secretary of State ; (b)while installed in such a ship, shall not be treated as satisfying the requirements of the regulations unless, at such times as may be specified in the regulations, it is submitted for testing and approval by a person so appointed. (3)The Secretary of State may appoint persons to carry out tests for the purposes of any regulations made under this section, and, in respect of the carrying out of such tests, may charge such fees as, with the approval of the Treasury, may be ore-scribed by the regulations. (4)Every surveyor of ships shall be taken to be a person appointed by the Secretary of State to carry out tests for the purposes of any regulations made under this section, in so far as they relate to tests required in accordance with paragraph (b) of subsection (2) of this section. (5)If, in the case of any ship, the provisions of any regulations made under this section which apply to that ship are contravened, the owner or master of the ship shall be guilty of an offence. (6)A person guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £1,000 or on conviction on indictment to a fine. 5Defences of owner or master charged with offence under s. 1 or s. 2 (1)Where a person is charged with an offence under section 1 of this Act, or is charged with an offence under section 2 of this Act as the owner or master of a vessel, it shall be a defence to prove that the oil or mixture was discharged for the purpose of securing the safety of any vessel, or of preventing damage to any vessel or cargo, or of saving life, unless the court is satisfied that the discharge of the oil or mixture was not necessary for that purpose or was not a reasonable step to take in the circumstances. (2)Where a person is charged as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, it shall also be a defence to prove— (a)that the oil or mixture escaped in consequence of. damage to the vessel, and that as soon as practicable after the damage occurred all reasonable steps were taken for preventing, or (if it could not be prevented) for stopping or reducing, the escape of the oil or mixture, or (b)that the oil or mixture escaped by reason of leakage, that neither the leakage nor any delay in discovering it was due to any want of reasonable care, and that as soon as practicable after the escape was discovered all reasonable steps were taken for stopping or reducing it. 6Defences of other persons charged with offences under s. 2 or s. 3 (1)Where a person is charged, in respect of the escape of any oil or mixture containing oil, with an offence under section 2 or 3 of this Act— (a)as the occupier of a place on land; or (b)as a person carrying on operations for the exploration of the sea-bed and subsoil or the exploitation of their natural resources; or (c)as the owner of a pipe-line,it shall be a defence to prove that neither the escape nor any delay in discovering it was due to any want of reasonable care and that as soon as practicable after it was discovered all reasonable steps were taken for stopping or reducing it. (2)Where a person is charged with an offence under section 2 of this Act in respect of the discharge of a mixture containing oil from a place on land, it shall also, subject to subsection (3) of this section, be a defence to prove— (a)that the oil was contained in an effluent produced by operations for the refining of oil; (b)that it was not reasonably practicable to dispose of the effluent otherwise than by discharging it into waters to which that section applies; and (c)that all reasonably practicable steps had been taken for eliminating oil from the effluent. (3)If it is proved that, at a time to which the charge relates, the surface of the waters into which the mixture was discharged from the place on land, or land adjacent to those waters, was fouled by oil, subsection (2) of this section shall not apply unless the court is satisfied that the fouling was not caused, or contributed to, by oil contained in any effluent discharged at or before that time from that place. 7Protection of acts done in exercise of certain powers of harbour authorities etc. (1)Where any oil, or mixture containing oil, is discharged in consequence of— (a)the exercise of any power conferred by sections 530 to 532 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1894 (which relate to the removal of wrecks by harbour, conservancy and lighthouse authorities); or (b)the exercise, for the purpose of preventing an obstruction or danger to navigation, of any power to dispose of sunk, stranded or abandoned vessels which is exercisable by a harbour authority under any local enactment ;and apart from this subsection the authority exercising the power, or a person employed by or acting on behalf of the authority, would be guilty of an offence under section 1 or section 2 of this Act in respect of that discharge, the authority or person shall not foe convicted of that offence unless it is shown that they or he failed to take such steps (if any) as were reasonable in the circumstances for preventing, stopping or reducing the discharge. (2)Subsection (1) of this section shall apply to the exercise of any power conferred by section 13 of the Dockyard Ports Regulation Act 1865 (which relates to the removal of obstructions to dockyard ports) as it applies to the exercise of any such power as is mentioned in paragraph (a) of that subsection, and shall, as so applying, have effect as if references to the authority exercising the power were references to the Queen's harbour master for the port in question. 8Discharge of certain ballast water into harbours (1)A harbour authority may appoint a place within their jurisdiction where the ballast water of vessels in which a cargo of petroleum-spirit has been carried may be discharged into the waters of the harbour, at such tunes, and subject ,to such conditions, as the authority may determine; and, where a place is so appointed, the discharge of ballast water from such a vessel shall not constitute an offence under section 2 of this Act, if the ballast water is discharged at that place, and at a time and in accordance with the conditions so determined, and the ballast water contains no oil other than petroleum-spirit. (2)In this Act—" harbour authority " means a person or body of persons empowered by an enactment to make charges in respect of vessels entering a harbour in the United Kingdom or using facilities therein; " harbour in the United Kingdom " means a port, estuary, haven, dock, or other place which fulfils the following conditions, that is to say.— (a)that it contains waters to which section 2 of this Act applies, and (b)that a person or body of persons is empowered by an enactment to make charges in respect of vessels entering that place or using facilities therein. In this subsection " enactment" includes a local enactment, and " charges" means any charges with the exception of light dues, local light dues and any other charges payable in respect of lighthouses, buoys or beacons, and of charges in respect of pilotage. 9Facilities in harbour for disposal of oil residues (1)The powers exercisable by a harbour authority in respect of any harbour in the United Kingdom shall include power to provide facilities for enabling vessels using the harbour to discharge or deposit oil residues (in this Act referred to as " oil reception facilities"). (2)Any power of a harbour authority to provide oil reception facilities shall include power to join with any other person in providing them, and references in this section to the provision of oil reception facilities by a harbour authority shall be construed accordingly; and any such power shall also include power to arrange for the provision of such facilities by any other person. (3)A harbour authority providing oil reception facilities, or a person providing such facilities by arrangement with a harbour authority, may make reasonable charges for the use of the facilities, and may impose reasonable conditions in respect of the use thereof. (4)Subject to the following provisions of this section, any oil reception facilities provided by, or by arrangement with, a harbour authority shall be open to all vessels using the harbour on payment of any charges, and subject to compliance with any conditions, imposed in accordance with subsection (3) of this section. (5)Where in the case of any harbour in the United Kingdom it appears to the Secretary of State, after consultation with the harbour authority and with any organisation appearing to the Secretary of State to be representative of owners of ships registered in the United Kingdom.— (a)if the harbour has oil reception facilities, that those facilities are inadequate, or (b)if the harbour has no such facilities, that the harbour has need of such facilities,the Secretary of State may direct the harbour authority to provide, or arrange for the provision of, such oil reception facilities as may be specified in the direction. (6)Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (4) of this section, a harbour authority providing oil reception facilities, or a person providing such facilities by arrangement with a harbour authority, shall not be obliged to make those facilities available for use by tankers, or for the reception of oil residues discharged for the purpose of enabling a vessel to undergo repairs ; and the requirements of tankers, and the reception of oil residues so discharged, shall be disregarded by the Secretary of State in exercising his powers under subsection (5) of this section. (7)Nothing in this section shall be construed as requiring a harbour authority to allow untreated ballast water (that is to say, ballast water which contains oil and has not been subjected to an effective process for separating the oil from the water) to be discharged into any oil reception facilities provided by, or by arrangement with, the authority; and the Secretary of State shall exercise his powers under subsection (5) of this section accordingly. (8)Any harbour authority failing to comply with any direction given under subsection (5) of this section within the period specified in the direction, or within any extended period allowed by the Secretary of State (whether before or after the end of the period so specified), shall be guilty of an offence, and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £10 for each day during which the default continues, from the day after the end of the period specified in the direction, or any extended period allowed by the Secretary of State, as the case may be, until the last day before that on which the facilities are provided in accordance with the direction. (9)Subsections (1), (2), (5) and (8) of this section shall have effect in relation to arrangements for disposing of oil residues discharged or deposited by vessels using a harbour's oil reception facilities, and to the making of such arrangements, as those subsections have effect in relation to oil reception facilities and the provision of such facilities. 10Restrictions on transfer of oil at night (1)No oil shall be transferred between sunset and sunrise to or from a vessel in any harbour in the United Kingdom unless the requisite notice has been given in accordance with this section or the transfer is for the purposes of a fire brigade. (2)A general notice may be given to the harbour master of a harbour that transfers of oil between sunset and sunrise will be frequently carried out at a place in the harbour within such period, not ending later than twelve months after the date on which the notice is given, as is specified in the notice; and if such a notice is given it shall be the requisite notice for the purposes of this section as regards transfers of oil at that place within the period specified in the notice. (3)Subject to subsection (2) of this section, the requisite notice for the purposes of this section shall be a notice given to the harbour master not less than three hours nor more than ninety-six hours before the transfer of oil begins. (4)In the case of a harbour which has no harbour master, references in this section to the harbour master shall be construed as references to the harbour authority. (5)If any oil is transferred to or from a vessel in contravention of this section, the master of the vessel, and, if the oil is transferred from or to a place on land, the occupier of that place, shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding. £100. 11Duty to report discharge of oil into waters of harbours (1)If any oil or mixture containing oil— (a)is discharged from a vessel into the waters of a harbour in the United Kingdom; or (b)is found to be escaping or to have escaped from a vessel into any such waters; or (c)is found to be escaping or to have escaped into any such waters from a place on land ;the owner or master of the vessel, or the occupier of the place on land, as the case may be, shall forthwith report the occurrence to the harbour master, or, if the harbour has no harbour master, to the harbour authority. (2)A report made under subsection (1) of this section by the owner or master of a vessel shall state whether the occurrence falls within paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of that subsection. (3)If a person fails to make a report as required by this-section he shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £200. Shipping casualties 12Shipping casualties (1)The powers conferred by this section shall be exercisable where— (a)an accident has occurred to or in a ship ; and (b)in the opinion of the Secretary of State oil from the ship will or may cause pollution on a large scale in the United Kingdom or in the waters in or adjacent to the United Kingdom up to the seaward limits of territorial waters; and (c)in the opinion of the Secretary of State the use of the powers conferred by this section is urgently needed. (2)For the purpose of preventing or reducing oil pollution, or the risk of oil pollution, the Secretary of State may give directions as respects the ship or its cargo— (a)to the owner of the ship, or to any person in possession of the ship ; or (b)to the master of the ship ; or (c)to any salvor in possession of the ship, or to any person who is the servant or agent of any salvor in possession of the ship, and who is in charge of the salvage operation. (3)Directions under subsection (2) of this section may require the person to whom they are given to take, or refrain from taking, any action of any kind whatsoever, and without prejudice to the generality of the preceding provisions of this subsection the directions may require— (a)that the ship is to be, or is not to be, moved, or is to be moved to a specified place, or is to be removed from a specified area or locality ; or (b)that the ship is not to be moved to a specified place or area, or over a specified route; or (c)that any oil or other cargo is to be, or is not to be, unloaded or discharged ; or (d)that specified salvage measures are to be, or are not to be, taken. (4)If in the opinion of the Secretary of State the powers conferred by subsection (2) of this section are, or have proved to be, inadequate for the purpose, the Secretary of State may, for the purpose of preventing or reducing oil pollution, or the risk of oil pollution, take, as respects the ship or its cargo, any action of any kind whatsoever, and without prejudice to the generality of the preceding provisions of this subsection the Secretary of State may— (a)take any such action as he has power to require to be taken by a direction under this section; (b)undertake operations for the sinking or destruction of the ship, or any part of it, of a kind which is not within the means of any person to whom he can give directions ; (c)undertake operations which involve the taking over of control of the ship. (5)The powers of the Secretary of State under subsection (4) of this section shall also be exercisable by such persons as may be authorised in that behalf by the Secretary of State. (6)Every person concerned with compliance with directions given, or with action taken, under this section shall use his best endeavours to avoid any risk to human life. (7)The provisions of this section and of section 16 of this Act are without prejudice to any rights or powers of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom exercisable apart from those sections whether under international law or otherwise. (8)It is hereby declared that any action taken as respects a ship which is under arrest or as respects the cargo of such a ship, being action duly taken in pursuance of a direction given under this section, or being any action taken under subsection (4) or (5) of this section— (a)does not constitute contempt of court; and (b)does not in any circumstances make the Admiralty Marshal liable in any civil proceedings. (9)In this section, unless the context otherwise requires— " accident" includes the loss, stranding, abandonment of or damage to a ship; and " specified ", in relation to a direction under this section, means specified by the direction; and the reference in subsection (8) of this section to the Admiralty Marshal includes a reference to the Admiralty Marshal of the Supreme Court of Northern Ireland. 13Right to recover in respect of unreasonable loss or damage (1)If any action duly taken by a person in pursuance of a direction given to him under section 12 of this Act, or any action taken under subsection (4) or (5) of that section— (a)was not reasonably necessary to prevent or reduce oil pollution, or risk of oil pollution ; or (b)was such that the good it did or was likely to do was disproportionately less than the expense incurred, or damage suffered, as a result of the action,a person incurring expense or suffering damage as a result of, or by himself taking, the action shall be entitled to recover compensation from the Secretary of State. (2)In considering whether subsection (1) of this section applies, account shall be taken of— (a)the extent and risk of oil pollution if the action had not been taken; (b)the likelihood of the action being effective; and (c)the extent of the damage which has been caused by the action. (3)Any reference in this section to the taking of any action includes a reference to a compliance with a direction not to take some specified action. (4)The Admiralty jurisdiction of the High Court, of the Court of Session and of the Supreme Court of Northern Ireland shall include jurisdiction to hear and determine any claim arising under this section. 14Offences in relation to s. 12 (1)If the person to whom a direction is duly given under section 12 of this Act contravenes, or fails to comply with, any requirement of the direction, he shall be guilty of an offence. (2)If a person wilfully obstructs any person who is— (a)acting on behalf of the Secretary of State in connection with the giving or service of a direction under section 12 of this Act; (b)acting in compliance with a direction under that section; or (c)acting under subsection (4) or (5) of that section; he shall be guilty of an offence. (3)In proceedings for an offence under subsection (1) of this section, it shall be a defence for the accused to prove that he has used all due diligence to ensure compliance with the direction, or that he had reasonable cause for believing that compliance with the direction would have involved a serious risk to human life. (4)A person guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50,000, or on conviction on indictment to a fine. 15Service of directions under s. 12 (1)If the Secretary of State is satisfied that a company or other body is not one to whom section 412 or section 437 of the Companies Act 1948 (service of notices) applies so as to authorise the service of a direction on that body under either of those sections, he may give a direction under section 12 of this Act— (a)to that body, as the owner of, or the person in possession of, a ship, by serving the direction on the master of the ship ; or (b)to that body, as a salvor, by serving the direction on the person in charge of the salvage operations. (2)For the purpose of giving or serving a direction under section 12 of this Act to or on any person on a ship, a person acting on behalf of the Secretary of State shall have the right to go on board the ship. (3)In the application of subsection (1) of this section to Northern Ireland, for references to sections 412 and 437 of the Companies Act 1948 there shall be substituted references to sections 361 and 385 of the Companies Act (Northern Ireland) 1960. 16Application of ss. 12 to 15 to certain foreign and other ships (1)Her Majesty may by Order in Council provide that sections 12 to 15 of this Act, together with any other provisions of this Act, shall apply to a ship— (a)which is not a ship registered in the United Kingdom; and (b)which is for the time being outside the territorial waters of the United Kingdom;in such cases and circumstances as may be specified in the Order, and subject to such exceptions, adaptations and modifications, if any, as may be so specified. (2)An Order in Council under subsection (1) of this section may contain such transitional and other consequential provisions as appear to Her Majesty to be expedient. (3)Except as provided by an Order in Council under subsection (1) of this section, no direction under section 12 of this Act shall apply to a ship which is not registered in the United Kingdom and which is for the time being outside the territorial waters of the United Kingdom, and no action shall be taken under subsection (4) or (5) of section 12 of this Act as respects any such ship. (4)No direction under section 12 of this Act shall apply to any vessel of Her Majesty's navy or to any Government ship (within the meaning of section 80 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1906) and no action shall be taken under subsection (4) or (5) of that section as respects any such vessel or ship. Enforcement 17Oil records (1)The Secretary of State may make regulations requiring oil record books to be carried in ships registered in the United Kingdom and requiring the master of any such ship to record in the oil record book carried by it— (a)the carrying out, on board or in connection with the ship, of such of the following operations as may be prescribed, that is to say, operations relating to— (i)the loading of oil cargo, or (ii)the transfer of oil cargo during a voyage, or (iii)the discharge of oil cargo, or (iv)the ballasting of oil tanks (whether cargo or bunker fuel tanks) and the discharge of ballast from, and cleaning of, such tanks, or (v)the separation of oil from water, or from other substances, in any mixture containing oil, or (vi)the disposal of any oil or water, or any other substance, arising from operations relating to any of the matters specified in the preceding sub-paragraphs, or (vii)the disposal of any other oil residues; (b)any occasion on which oil or a mixture containing oil is discharged from the ship for the purpose of securing the safety of any vessel, or of preventing damage to any vessel or cargo, or of saving life; (c)any occasion on which oil or a mixture containing oil is found to be escaping, or to have escaped, from the ship in consequence of damage to the ship, or by reason of leakage. (2)The Secretary of State may make regulations requiring the keeping of records relating to the transfer of oil to and from vessels while they are within the seaward limits of the territorial waters of the United Kingdom; and the requirements of any regulations made under this subsection shall be in addition to the requirements of any regulations made under subsection (1) of this section. (3)Any records required to be kept by regulations made under subsection (2) of this section shall, unless the vessel is a barge, be kept by the master of the vessel, and shall, if the vessel is a barge, be kept, in so far as they relate to the transfer of oil to the barge, by the person supplying the oil and, in so far as they relate to the transfer of oil from the barge, by the person to whom the oil is delivered. (4)Regulations under this section requiring the carrying of oil record books or the keeping of records may— (a)prescribe the form of the oil record books or records and the nature of the entries to be made in them; (b)require the person providing or keeping the books or records to retain them for a prescribed period; (c)require that person, at the end of the prescribed period, to transmit the books or records to a place or person determined by or under the regulations; (d)provide for the custody or disposal of the books or records after their transmission to such a place or person. (5)If any ship fails to carry such an oil record book as it is required to carry under this section the owner or master shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £500 if any person fails to comply with any requirements imposed on him by or under this section, he shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £500 ; and if any person makes an entry in any oil record book carried or record kept under this section which is to his knowledge false or misleading in any material particular, he shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £500, or imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months, or both, or on conviction on indictment to a fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or both. (6)In any proceedings under this Act— (a)any oil record book carried or record kept in pursuance of regulations made under this section shall be admissible as evidence, and in Scotland shall be sufficient evidence, of the facts stated in it; (b)any copy of an entry in such an oil record book or record which is certified by the master of the ship in which the book is carried or by the person by whom the record is required to be kept to be a true copy of, the entry shall be admissible as evidence, and in Scotland shall be sufficient evidence, of the facts stated in the entry; (c)any document purporting to be an oil record book carried or record kept in pursuance of regulations made under this section, or purporting to be such a certified copy as is mentioned in the preceding paragraph, shall, unless the contrary is proved, be presumed to be such a book, record or copy, as the case may be. 18Powers of inspection (1)The Secretary of State may appoint any person as an inspector to report to him— (a)whether the prohibitions, restrictions and obligations imposed by virtue of this Act (including prohibitions so imposed by the creation of offences under any provision of this Act other than section 3) have been complied with; (b)what measures (other than measures made obligatory by regulations made under section 4 of this Act) have been taken to prevent the escape of oil and mixtures containing oil; (c)whether the oil reception facilities provided in harbours are adequate;and any such inspector may be so appointed to report either in a particular case or in a class of cases specified in his appointment. (2)Every surveyor of ships shall be taken to be a person appointed generally under the preceding subsection to report to the Secretary of State in every kind of case falling within that subsection. (3)Section 729 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1894 (powers of inspectors) shall apply to persons appointed or taken to be' appointed under subsection (1) of this section as it applies to the inspectors referred to in that section and shall, as so applying, have effect as if— (a)in paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of that section, the reference to a ship included any vessel, and the reference to that Act were a reference to this Act and any regulations made under this Act; and (b)any power under that section to inspect premises included power to inspect any apparatus used for transferring oil. (4)Any power of an inspector, under section 729 as applied by the preceding subsection, to inspect a vessel shall include power to test any equipment with which the vessel is required to be fitted in pursuance of regulations made under section 4 of this Act. (5)Any power of an inspector, under section 729 as so applied, to require the production of any oil record book required to be carried or records required to be kept in pursuance of regulations made under section 17 of this Act shall include power to copy any entry therein and require the master to certify the copy as a true copy of the entry; and in subsection (3) of section 729, as so applied, the reference to making a declaration shall be construed as a reference to the certification of such a copy. (6)Without prejudice to any powers exercisable by virtue of the preceding provisions of this section, in the case of a vessel which is for the time being in a harbour in the United Kingdom the harbour master, and any other person appointed by the Secretary of State under this subsection (either generally or in relation to a particular vessel), shall have power— (a)to go on board and inspect the vessel or any part thereof, or any of the machinery, boats, equipment or articles on board the vessel, for the purpose of ascertaining the circumstances relating to an alleged discharge of oil or a mixture containing oil from the vessel into the waters of the harbour ; (b)to require the production of any oil record book required to be carried or records required to be kept in pursuance of regulations made under section 17 of this Act; and (c)to copy any entry in any such book or record and require the master to certify the copy as a true copy of the entry. (7)A person exercising any powers conferred by subsection (6) of this section shall not unnecessarily detain or delay the vessel from proceeding on any voyage. (8)If any person fails to comply with any requirement duly made in pursuance of paragraph (b) or paragraph (c) of subsection (6) of this section, he shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £10; and if any person wilfully obstructs a person acting in the exercise of any power conferred by virtue of this section, he shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £100. 19Prosecutions (1)Proceedings for an offence under this Act may, in England or Wales, be brought only— (a)by or with the consent of the Attorney General, or (b)if the offence is one to which subsection (2) of this section applies, by the harbour authority, or (c)unless the offence is one mentioned in paragraph (b), (c) or (d) of subsection (2) of this section, by the Secretary of State or a person authorised by any general or special direction of the Secretary of State. (2)This subsection applies to the following offences— (a)any offence under section 2 of this Act which is alleged to have been committed by the discharge of oil, or a mixture containing oil, into the waters of a harbour in the United Kingdom; (b)any offence in relation to such a harbour under section 10 or section 11 of this Act; (c)any offence under section 17 of this Act relating to the keeping of records of the transfer of oil within such a harbour ; and (d)any offence under section 18 of this Act in respect of a failure to comply with a requirement of a harbour master, or in respect of obstruction of a harbour master acting in the exercise of any power conferred by virtue of that section. (3)The preceding provisions of this section shall apply in relation to any part of a dockyard port within the meaning of the Dockyard Ports Regulation Act 1865 as follows, that is to say— (a)if that part is comprised in a harbour in the United Kingdom, the reference to the harbour authority shall be construed as including a reference to the Queen's harbour master for the port; (b)if that part is not comprised in a harbour in the United Kingdom, the references to such a harbour shall be construed as references to such a dockyard port and the reference to the harbour authority as a reference to the Queen's harbour master for the port. (4)Where, immediately before the date on which (apart from this subsection) the time for bringing summary proceedings for an offence under this Act would expire, the person to be charged is outside the United Kingdom, the time for bringing the proceedings shall be extended until the end of the period of two months beginning with the date on which he next enters the United Kingdom. (5)Proceedings for any offence under this Act may (without prejudice to any jurisdiction exercisable apart from this subsection) be taken against a person at any place at which he is for the time being. (6)If a local fisheries committee constituted by an order made, or having effect as if made, under section 1 of the Sea Fisheries Regulation Act 1966 or any of its officers is authorised in that behalf under subsection (1) of this section, the committee may institute proceedings for any offence under this Act committed within the district of the committee. (7)The preceding provisions of this section do not apply in relation to an offence under section 3 of this Act, but proceedings for such an offence may— (a)in England and Wales, be brought only by or with the consent of the Director of Public Prosecutions; and (b)in Northern Ireland, be brought only by or with the consent of the Attorney General for Northern Ireland ; and any such proceedings may be taken, and the offence may for all incidental purposes be treated as having been committed, in any place in the United Kingdom. (8)Where a body corporate is guilty of an offence under section 3 of this Act and the offence is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other similar officer of the body corporate or any person who was purporting to act in any such capacity he, as well as the body corporate, shall be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly. In this subsection, " director " in relation to a body corporate established for the purpose of carrying on under national ownership any industry or part of an industry or undertaking, being a body corporate whose affairs are managed by its members, means a member of that body corporate. 20Enforcement and application of fines (1)Where a fine imposed by a court in proceedings against the owner or master of a vessel for an offence under this Act is not paid at the time ordered by the court, the court shall, in addition to any other powers for enforcing payment, have power to direct the amount remaining unpaid to be levied by distress or poinding and sale of the vessel, her tackle, furniture and apparel. (2)Where a person is convicted of an offence under section 1 or section 2 of this Act, and the court imposes a fine in respect of the offence, then if it appears to the court that any person has incurred, or will incur, expenses in removing any pollution, or making good any damage, which is attributable to the offence, the court may order the whole or part of the fine to be paid to that person for or towards defraying those expenses. 21Enforcement of Conventions relating to oil pollution (1)Her Majesty may by Order in Council empower such persons as may be designated by or under the Order to go oh board any Convention ship while the ship is within a harbour in the United Kingdom, and to require production of any oil record book required to be carried in accordance with the Convention. (2)An Order in Council under this section may, for the purposes of the Order, and with any necessary modifications, apply any of the provisions of this Act relating to the production and inspection of oil record books and the taking of copies of entries therein, and to the admissibility in evidence of such oil record books and copies, including any provisions of the Merchant Shipping Act 1894 applied by those provisions, and including any penal provisions of this Act in so far as they relate to those matters. (3)Her Majesty, if satisfied that the government of any country has accepted, or denounced, the Convention, or that the Convention extends, or has ceased to extend, to any territory, may by Order in Council make a declaration to that effect. (4)In this section " the Convention " means any Convention accepted by Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom in so far as it relates to the prevention of pollution of the sea by oil; and " Convention ship " means a ship registered in— (a)a country the government of which has been declared by an Order in Council under the preceding subsection to have accepted the Convention, and has not been so declared to have denounced it; or (b)a territory to which it has been so declared that the Convention extends, not being a territory to which it has been so declared that the Convention has ceased to extend. Miscellaneous and supplementary 22Power to apply certain provisions to ships registered outside United Kingdom (1)Her Majesty may by Order in Council direct that, subject to such exceptions and modifications as may be specified in the Order, any regulations made under section 4 or section 17(1) of this Act shall apply to ships registered in countries and territories other than the United Kingdom at any time when they are in a harbour in the United Kingdom, or are within the seaward limits of the territorial waters of the United Kingdom while on their way to or from a harbour in the United Kingdom. (2)An Order in Council under subsection (1) of this section shall not be made so as to impose different requirements in respect of ships of different countries or territories; but if Her Majesty is satisfied, as respects any country or territory, that ships registered there are required, by the law of that country, or territory, to comply with provisions which are substantially the same as, or equally effective with, the requirements imposed' by virtue of the Order, Her Majesty may by Order in Council direct that those requirements shall not apply to any ship registered in that country or territory if the ship complies with such of those provisions as are applicable thereto under the law of that country or territory. (3)No regulation shall by virtue of an Order in Council under this section apply to any ship as being within a harbour' in the United Kingdom, or on her way to or from such a harbour, if the ship would not have been within the harbour, or, as the case may be, on her way to or from the harbour, but for stress of weather or any other circumstances which neither the master nor the owner nor the charterer (if any) of the ship could have prevented or forestalled. 23Power of Secretary of State to grant exemptions The Secretary of State may exempt any vessels or classes of vessels from any of the provisions of this Act or of any regulations made thereunder, either absolutely or subject to such conditions as he thinks fit. 24Application of Act to Government ships (1)The provisions of this Act do not apply to vessels of Her Majesty's navy, nor to Government ships in the service of the Secretary of State while employed for the purposes of Her Majesty's navy. (2)Subject to subsection (1) of this section and subsection (4) of section 16 of this Act— (a)provisions of this Act which are expressed to apply only to ships registered in the United Kingdom apply to Government ships so registered and also to Government ships not so registered but held for the purposes of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom; (b)provisions of this Act which are expressed to apply to vessels generally apply to Government ships. (3)In this section " Government ships " has the same meaning as in section 80 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1906. 25Provisions as to Isle of Man, Channel Islands, colonies and dependencies (1)Her Majesty may by Order in Council direct that such of the provisions of this Act, other than section 3, or of any enactment for the time being in force amending or replacing them, as may be specified in the Order shall extend, with such exceptions and modifications, if any, as may be specified in the Order, to the Isle of Man, any of the Channel Islands, or any colony. (2)The Foreign Jurisdiction Act 1890 shall have effect as if the provisions of this Act, other than section 3, were included among the enactments which, by virtue of section 5 of that Act, may be extended by Order in Council to foreign countries in which for the time being Her Majesty has jurisdiction. (3)Her Majesty may by Order in Council direct that, subject to such exceptions and modifications as may be specified in the Order, the provisions of this Act which (apart from sections 22 and 24 of this Act) apply only to ships registered in the United Kingdom shall apply also to ships registered in any country or territory specified in the Order, being a country or territory to which the provisions of this Act can be extended by virtue of either of the preceding subsections. 26Annual report The Secretary of State shall, as soon as possible after the end of each calendar year, make a report on the exercise and performance of his functions under this Act during that year, which shall include such observations as he may think fit to make on the operation during that year of this Act and of any Convention accepted by Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom in so far as it relates to the prevention of pollution of the sea by oil, and the Secretary of State shall lay a copy of every such report before each House of Parliament. 27General provisions as to Orders in Council, regulations and orders (1)Any power to make regulations or an order under this Act shall be exercisable by statutory instrument. (2)Any statutory instrument made by virtue of this Act, other than an Order in Council under section 25 or an order under section 34 of this Act, shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. (3)Any Order in Council, or other order, made under any provision of this Act may be varied or revoked by a subsequent Order in Council or order made thereunder. (4)Where a power to make regulations is conferred by any provision of this Act, regulations made under that power may be made with respect to all or with respect to any one or more of the classes of vessel or other matters to which the provision relates, and different provision may be made by any such regulations for different classes of vessel or otherwise for different classes of case or different circumstances. 28Financial provisions (1)There shall be defrayed out of moneys provided by Parliament any administrative expenses of the Secretary of State under this Act. (2)Any fees received by the Secretary of State under this Act shall be paid into the Consolidated Fund. 29Interpretation (1)In this Act— " barge " includes a lighter and any similar vessel; " harbour authority " and " harbour in the United Kingdom " have the meanings assigned to them by section 8(2) of this Act; " harbour master " includes a dock master or pier master, and any person specially appointed by a harbour authority for the purpose of enforcing the provisions of this Act in relation to the harbour ; " local enactment" means a local or private Act, or an order confirmed by Parliament or brought into operation in accordance with special parliamentary procedure ; " oil" means oil of any description and includes spirit produced from oil of any description, and also includes coal tar; " oil reception facilities " has the meaning assigned to it by section 9(1) of this Act; " oil residues " means any waste consisting of, or arising from, oil or a mixture containing oil; " outside the territorial waters of the United Kingdom" means outside the seaward limits of those waters; " petroleum-spirit" has the same meaning as in the Petroleum (Consolidation) Act 1928 ; " place on land " has the meaning assigned to it by section 2(3) of this Act; " sea " includes any estuary or arm of the sea; " transfer ", in relation to oil, means transfer in bulk. (2)Any reference in any provision of this Act to a mixture containing oil shall be construed as a reference to any mixture of oil (or, as the case may be, of oil of a description referred to in that provision) with water or with any other substance. (3)Any reference in the provisions of this Act other than section 11 to the discharge of oil or a mixture containing oil, or to its being discharged, from a vessel, place or thing, except where the reference is to its being discharged for a specified purpose, includes a reference to the escape of the oil or mixture, or (as the case may be) to its escaping, from that vessel, place or thing. (4)For the purposes of any provision of this Act relating to the discharge of oil or a mixture containing oil from a vessel, any floating craft (other than a vessel) which is attached to a vessel shall be treated as part of the vessel. (5)Any power conferred by this Act to test any equipment on board a vessel shall be construed as including a power to require persons on board the vessel to carry out such work as may be requisite for the purpose of testing the equipment; and any provision of this Act as to submitting equipment for testing shall be construed accordingly. (6)Subject to the preceding subsections, expressions used in this Act and in the Merchant Shipping Act 1894, have the same meanings in this Act as in that Act. (7)Except in so far as the context otherwise requires, any reference in this Act to an enactment shall be construed as a reference to that enactment as amended by or under any other enactment. 30Provisions as to Northern Ireland (1)This Act extends to Northern Ireland and the following provisions of this section shall have effect with respect to the application of this Act to Northern Ireland. (2)References in section 9 of this Act to the Secretary of State shall be construed as references to the Ministry of Commerce for Northern Ireland (in this section referred to as " the Ministry of Commerce "). (3)In relation to places on land in Northern Ireland, and to apparatus located in Northern Ireland otherwise than on board a vessel.— (a)persons appointed by the Secretary of State as inspectors under section 18 of this Act, and surveyors of ships in their capacity as persons so appointed, shall have no powers of entry or inspection ; but (b)persons appointed by the Ministry of Commerce shall have the like powers as (but for the preceding paragraph) persons appointed by the Secretary of State would have by virtue of that section, and the provisions of that section shall have effect in relation to persons appointed by the Ministry of Commerce as, in England and Wales, they have effect in relation to persons appointed by the Secretary of State. (4)Subsection (1) of section 19 of this Act shall apply to proceedings in Northern Ireland as it applies to proceedings in England and Wales, but with the substitution, for references to the Attorney General, of references to the Attorney General for Northern Ireland; except that, in relation to proceedings for an offence under section 2 of this Act— (a)if the alleged offence relates to the discharge of oil or a mixture containing oil from a vessel in a harbour or inland waterway in Northern Ireland, the references in that subsection to the Secretary of State shall be construed as references to the Secretary of State or the Ministry of Commerce; (b)if the alleged offence relates to the discharge of oil or a mixture containing oil from a place on land in Northern Ireland, or from apparatus located in Northern Ireland otherwise than on board a vessel, the references in that subsection to the Secretary of State shall be construed as references to the Ministry of Commerce. (5)In the definition of " local enactment" in subsection (1) of section 29 of this Act the reference to a local or private Act includes a reference to a local or private Act of the Parliament of Northern Ireland, and the reference to an order confirmed by Parliament includes a reference to an order confirmed by that Parliament; and the reference in that subsection to the Petroleum (Consolidation) Act 1928 shall be construed as a reference to the Petroleum (Consolidation) Act (Northern Ireland) 1929. (6)The provisions of this Act, so far as they relate to matters with respect to which the Parliament of Northern Ireland has power to make laws, shall not be taken to restrict that power, and any laws made by that Parliament in the exercise of that power shall have effect notwithstanding anything in those provisions. 31Application to hovercraft The enactments and instruments with respect to which provision may be made by an Order in Council under section 1(1)(h) of the Hovercraft Act 1968 shall include this Act and any instrument made under it. 32Saving for other restrictions, rights of action etc. Subject to section 33 of the Interpretation Act 1889 (offence under two or more laws) nothing in this Act shall affect any restriction imposed by or under any other enactment, whether contained in a public general Act or in a local or private Act, or shall derogate from any right of action or other remedy (whether civil or criminal) in proceedings instituted otherwise than under this Act. 33Repeals and savings (1)The enactments specified in the Schedule to this Act are hereby repealed to the extent specified in the third column of that Schedule. (2)In so far as any instrument made or other thing done under any enactment repealed by this Act could have been made or done under any provision of this Act it shall have effect as if made or done under that provision ; and references in any such instrument to any such enactment shall be construed as referring to the corresponding provision of this Act or, as the case may be, to this Act. (3)Nothing in the foregoing provisions of this section shall be taken as prejudicing the operation of section 38 of the Interpretation Act 1889 (which relates to the effect of repeals). 34Short title and commencement (1)This Act may be cited as the Prevention of Oil Pollution Act 1971. (2)This Act shall come into force on such day as the Secretary of State may by order appoint; but the day so appointed shall not be earlier than the day or, if more than one, the latest day, appointed under section 12(3) of the Oil in Navigable Waters Act 1971 for the coming into force of the provisions of that Act. ### 1Application of Act (1)This Act shall apply to the underwater exploitation and underwater exploration of mineral resources— (a)in or under the shore or bed of waters to which this Act applies, other than inland waters, and (b)in or under the bed of such inland waters as may for the time being be specified for the purposes of this paragraph by Order in Council. (2)In this Act— (a)" waters to which this Act applies " means the waters in or adjacent to the United Kingdom up to the seaward limits of territorial waters, and the waters in any designated area within the meaning of the Continental Shelf Act 1964, (b)" inland waters " means waters within the United Kingdom, other than estuaries and tidal rivers. (3)For purposes of this Act " underwater exploitation " or " underwater exploration" means exploitation or exploration from or by means of any floating or other installation which is maintained in the water, or on the foreshore or other land intermittently covered with water, and is not connected with dry land by a permanent structure providing access at all times and for all purposes; and, subject to the provisions of section 12 of this Act, in this Act— (a)" exploration " means exploration with a view to exploitation ; and (b)" offshore installation " means any installation which is maintained, or is intended to be established, for underwater exploitation or exploration to which this Act applies. (4)The power of making Orders in Council under this section shall include power to vary or revoke any Order in Council made under this section. 2Registration of offshore installations (1)The Secretary of State may make regulations for the registration of offshore installations. (2)Regulations under this section may make provision— (a)for all matters relevant to the maintenance of a register of offshore installations, (b)without prejudice to paragraph (a) above, for the cases in which an installation is to be or may be exempted from registration, for the period for which any registration of exemption is to remain effective without renewal, the alteration or cancellation in any prescribed circumstances of registration or exemptions or of any conditions attached thereto, the persons by whom and manner in which applications in connection with any registration or exemption are to be made, and the information and evidence to be furnished in connection with any such application, (c)for the marking or other means of identification of any installation, whether registerable or exempted from registration, (d)for the issue of certificates of registration or exemption, and the custody, surrender, production or display of the certificates or copies of them, (e)for requiring the payment of fees in connection with the making of applications under the regulations, the issue of certificates or other matters, (f)for matters arising out of the termination of any registration or exemption, or any conditions attached thereto, (g)for any other incidental matters. 3Construction and survey regulations for offshore installations (1)The Secretary of State may make regulations— (a)requiring offshore installations or parts of offshore installations to be certified by such persons and in such manner as may be provided by the regulations to be, in respect of such matters affecting safety as may be so provided, fit for the purpose or purposes specified by the regulations, (b)imposing requirements as to the survey, testing and inspection of installations or parts of installations in respect of matters covered or required to be covered by a certificate of fitness, (c)imposing any prohibition or restriction as respects installations or parts of installations which, in any respect, fail to comply with any provisions of the regulations. (2)Regulations under this section may make provision— (a)for the issue of certificates of fitness, and the custody, surrender, production or display of the certificates or copies of them, (b)for requiring the payment of fees in connection with the making of applications under the regulations, the carrying out of surveys or tests, the issue of certificates or other matters, (c)for matters arising out of the termination or modification of any certificate of fitness, (d)for any other incidental matters. (3)The regulations may provide for exempting, or authorising the Secretary of State to exempt, any installation or part of an installation from all or any of the provisions of the regulations, either in a particular case, or in a specified class or description of cases. (4)It shall be the duty of the owner of the offshore installation, and of the installation manager and of the concession owner, to ensure that the provisions of regulations under this section are complied with, and, if regulations under this section are contravened in any respect in relation to an offshore installation when it is within waters to which this Act applies, the owner of the offshore installation, the installation manager and the concession owner shall each be guilty of an offence under this section, and shall be liable— (a)on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400, (b)on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or to a fine, or both. 4Masters of offshore installations (1)Every offshore installation, so long as it is in waters to which this Act applies, shall be under the charge of a person appointed to be or act as manager of the installation, and the owner of the installation shall appoint to be installation manager— (a)a person who, to the best of the knowledge and belief of the owner, has the skills and competence suitable for the appointment, and (b)another or others to act where necessary in place of the installation manager, and shall inform the Secretary of State of any appointment under this subsection by giving notice in the prescribed form and containing the prescribed particulars. (2)The Secretary of State may, if he thinks fit, make regulations prescribing requirements to be fulfilled as respects an installation manager appointed under paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of subsection (1) above, including requirements as to qualifications, experience, health or age; and the regulations may make different provision for managers of different types of installations or managers whose responsibilities differ in other respects, and different provision for managers appointed under the said paragraphs (a) and (b) respectively. (3)The owner may, under subsection (1)(a) above, appoint two or more persons to be managers in rotation, and the persons appointed under subsection (1)(b) above shall act where necessary in place of any of them. (4)If at any time the owner is satisfied that an installation manager appointed in pursuance of subsection (1) above does not have the requisite skills and competence, he shall terminate the appointment as soon as practicable, and shall give the Secretary of State notice in the prescribed form of the action taken by him. (5)It shall be the duty of the owner, in order to ensure that an installation manager appointed under subsection (1)(a) above is on the installation when it is manned, from time to time to place a person so appointed on the installation, and to ensure that he remains there until relieved, or so long as it is manned. (6)If the owner fails to comply, or to ensure compliance with the provisions of this section, he shall be guilty of an offence under this section, and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400. (7)The operation of this section may be excluded in whole or in part in relation to any class or description of installation by regulations under this Act, or in relation to any particular installation by directions of the Secretary of State given in such manner and to such persons as he thinks appropriate. (8)In this Act references to the manager of an offshore installation or to an installation manager are to be taken, except in so far as the context otherwise requires, as references to the person for the time being in charge of the installation and appointed as required by paragraph (a) or (b) of subsection (1) above. 5Masters of offshore installations: further provisions (1)The manager of an offshore installation shall not be absent from the installation at any time when it is manned, except in case of sudden sickness or other cause beyond his control, or for other sufficient reason, and a person failing to comply with this subsection shall be guilty of an offence under this section, and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400. (2)Except as otherwise provided by this Act, the manager of an installation shall have in relation to it general responsibility for matters affecting safety, health or welfare or, where connected with safety, health or welfare, the maintenance of order and discipline, and for the discharge of that responsibility shall exercise authority over all persons in or about the installation:Provided that this subsection shall not extend to any matters for which another person is responsible as master, captain or person in charge of any vessel, aircraft or hovercraft. (3)If a person subject to the authority of the manager of an offshore installation wilfully disobeys a lawful command given him by the manager in exercise of that authority, he shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £50. (4)The manager of an offshore installation shall not permit the installation to be used in any manner, or permit any operation to be carried out on or from the installation, if the seaworthiness or stability of the installation is likely to be endangered by its use in that manner, or by the carrying out of that operation or by its being carried out in the manner proposed, and it shall be the duty of the owner of the installation to ensure that the provisions of this subsection are complied with by the installation manager. If an installation manager or owner fails to comply, or ensure compliance, with this subsection he shall be guilty of an offence under this section, and liable— (a)on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding £400, (b)on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or to a fine, or both. (5)Where at an offshore installation there is an emergency or apprehended emergency endangering the seaworthiness or stability of the installation or otherwise involving a risk of death or serious personal injury, the installation manager may take or require to be taken any such measures as are necessary or expedient to meet or avoid the emergency ; and no regulation or condition having effect by virtue of this Act shall apply to prohibit or restrict the taking of any such measures by virtue of this subsection. (6)If the installation manager has reasonable cause to believe that it is necessary or expedient for the purpose of securing the safety of an offshore installation or persons in or about it, ormaintaining order and discipline among those persons, the installation manager may cause any of those persons to be put ashore in the United Kingdom ; and where any of those persons has done or is about to do any act endangering or likely to endanger the safety of the installation or persons in or about it or the maintenance of order and discipline among those persons, or the installation manager with reasonable cause suspects him of having done or being about to do any such act, the installation manager may take or cause to be taken such other reasonable measures against him, by restraint of his person or otherwise, as the installation manager thinks necessary or expedient: Provided that this subsection shall not extend to any matters for which another person is responsible as master, captain or person in charge of any vessel, aircraft or hovercraft. (7)A person shall not be kept under restraint by virtue of subsection (6) above for longer than twenty-four hours unless— (a)the intention is that he shall be put ashore in the United Kingdom in accordance with that subsection at the earliest opportunity ; and (b)within those twenty-four hours or as soon as practicable afterwards notice of his being kept under restraint and of the reason for it is sent to the prescribed authority in the United Kingdom. (8)The manager of an offshore installation shall notify the owner as soon as practicable of any event which occurs at the installation and which the owner is by any regulation or condition having effect by virtue of this Act required to notify to the Secretary of State. If a person fails to comply with the provisions of this subsection he shall be guilty of an offence under this section, and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £100. (9)The operation of this section may be excluded in whole or in part in relation to any class or description of installation by regulations under this Act, or in relation to any particular installation by directions of the Secretary of State given in such manner and to such persons as he thinks appropriate. 6Safety regulations (1)The Secretary of State may make regulations for the safety, health and welfare of persons on Offshore installations in waters to which this Act applies, and generally, and whether or not by way of supplementing the preceding sections of this Act, for the safety of such installations and the prevention of accidents on or near them. (2)The regulations may have effect as respects— (a)persons whether or not present in the course of their employment, (b)the transport of persons and things to or from an installation, (c)vessels, aircraft or hovercraft in the neighbourhood of an installation, and (d)any operation or work whether oh or near an installation, or in the water, or on or below the shore or bed of the sea or other waters. (3)Without prejudice to the generality of the preceding provisions of this section, the regulations may provide for any of the matters set out in the Schedule to this Act, and may contain such supplemental or incidental provisions as appear to the Secretary of State to be expedient. (4)The Secretary of State may appoint as inspectors to discharge the functions conferred by the regulations, and generally to assist the Secretary of State in the execution of this Act, such number of persons appearing to him to be qualified for the purpose as he may from time to time consider necessary or expedient, and may make to or in respect of any person so appointed such payments by way of remuneration, allowance or other payments as the Secretary of State may with the approval of the Minister for the Civil Service determine. 7Regulations: general provisions (1)Before making regulations under this Act the Secretary of State shall consult with organisations in the United Kingdom appearing to him to be representative of those persons who will be affected by the regulations. (2)Subject to subsection (3) below, regulations under this Act— (a)may provide for the creation of offences and for their punishment on summary conviction or on conviction on indictment, and (b)may afford, in respect of any description of offence created by the regulations, such defence, if any, as may be specified in the regulations. (3)The punishment for an offence created by regulations under this Act shall be— (a)on summary conviction a fine not exceeding £400, (b) on conviction on indictment imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or a fine, or both,but without prejudice to any further restriction on the punishments which can be awarded contained in the regulations, and without prejudice to the exclusion of proceedings on indictment by the regulations. (4)The operation of any regulations made under this Act may be excluded in whole or in part in relation to any class or description of installation by the regulations, or in relation to any particular installation by directions of the Secretary of State given in such manner and to such persons as he thinks appropriate. (5)Any exemption or exclusion by regulations under this Act, or by directions of the Secretary of State under this Act, may be made subject to the imposition of conditions specified by the regulations or directions. (6)Where in pursuance of this section a person is exempted or excluded from the requirements of any provision of this Act, or of regulations under this Act, but subject to a condition, and the condition is not observed, the exemption or exclusion shall not have effect, and proceedings may be brought in respect of any breach of duty as if the exemption or exclusion had not had effect. (7)Regulations made under this Act may make different provision for different circumstances, and in particular— (a)may make provision as respects installations which are registered vessels which is different from that made for other installations, and (b)may make provision for installations in transit which is different from provision made for installations on station. (8)Regulations made under this Act shall be contained in a statutory instrument subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. 8Application of existing law to offshore installations in territorial waters and designated areas (1)Section 3 of the Continental Shelf Act 1964 (application of criminal and civil law to installations outside territorial waters) shall have effect as if any references in that section to an installation in a designated area included references to any offshore installation either in territorial waters of the United Kingdom or in a designated area. (2)So far as relates to questions arising out of acts or omissions taking place on, under or above— (a)an offshore installation in territorial waters of the United Kingdom, or (b)territorial waters of the United Kingdom within five hundred metres of an offshore installation, subsection (2) of the said section 3 (power to confer jurisdiction on courts in any part of the United Kingdom) shall apply as if the words " in a designated area, or in any part of such an area " were omitted. (3)It is hereby declared that, notwithstanding that the said section 3 may affect individuals or bodies corporate outside the United Kingdom, it applies to any individual whether or not he is a British subject, and to any body corporate whether or not incorporated under the law of any part of the United Kingdom. (4)So far as relates to any provision of an Order in Council or regulation concerning aircraft on or in the neighbourhood of offshore installations, section 59 of the Civil Aviation Act 1949 (extra-territorial effect) shall apply to ail aircraft, and not only to British aircraft registered in the United Kingdom and shall apply to the doing of anything in relation to any aircraft by any person, irrespective of nationality or, in the case of a body corporate, of the law under which it was incorporated. (5)This section, and the said section 3 of the Continental Shelf Act 1964, shall apply to installations notwithstanding that they are for the time being in transit. 9Offences: general provisions (1)Where an offence under this Act which has been committed by a body corporate is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any neglect on the part of, a director, manager, secretary or other similar officer of the body corporate, or any person who was purporting to act in any such capacity, he, as well as the body corporate, shall be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly. In this subsection " director ", in relation to a body corporate established by or under any enactment for the purpose of carrying on under public ownership any industry or part of an industry or undertaking, being a body corporate whose affairs are managed by its members, means a member of that body corporate. (2)In proceedings for an offence under this Act an averment in any process of the fact that anything was done or situated within waters to which this Act applies shall, until the contrary is proved, be sufficient evidence of that fact as stated in the averment. (3)In proceedings for an offence under section 3, section 4 or section 5 of this Act, it shall be a defence for the accused to prove— (a)that he has used all due diligence to enforce the execution of this Act, and of any relevant regulation made under this Act, and (b)that any relevant contravention was committed without his consent, connivance or wilful default. (4)Proceedings for any offence under this Act may be taken, and the offence may for all incidental purposes be treated as having been committed, in any place in the United Kingdom. (5)A constable shall on any offshore installation in waters to which this Act applies have all the powers, protection and privileges which he has in the area for which he acts as constable. This subsection is without prejudice to any other enactment or rule of law affording any power, protection or privilege to constables. 10Prosecutions (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, this section has effect as respects— (a)any offence alleged to have been committed on, under or above an offshore installation in territorial waters or in a designated area, or on, under or above any waters within five hundred metres of such an installation; or (b)any offence under this Act alleged to have been committed in territorial waters or in a designated area ; or (c)any offence under section 5 of the Continental Shelf Act 1964 (discharge of oil); or (d)any offence committed on or as respects an aircraft which is not a British aircraft registered in the United Kingdom, being an offence created by virtue of section 8(4) of this Act. (2)An offence shall not be one within subsection (1) above if it is an offence under, or under any provision having effect under— (a)the Merchant Shipping Acts 1894 to 1971, or any enactment to be construed as one with the Merchant Shipping Act 1894, or (b)the Customs and Excise Act 1952, or any enactment to be construed as one with that Act, or (c)the Oil in Navigable Waters Acts 1955 to 1971, or any enactment to be construed as one with the Oil in Navigable Waters Act 1955, or (d)except where it is created by virtue of section 8(4) of this Act, the Civil Aviation Acts 1949 to 1968, or any enactment to be construed as one with the Civil Aviation Act 1949. (3)No proceedings shall be instituted in England and Wales for any offence within subsection (1) above except— (a)in the case of an offence under this Act, by the Secretary of State or by a person authorised in that behalf by the Secretary of State, or (b)in the case of any offence, by or with the consent of the Director of Public Prosecutions:Provided that this subsection shall not apply to an offence if prosecution of that offence in England and Wales requires the consent of the Attorney General. (4)No proceedings shall be instituted in Northern Ireland for any offence within subsection (1) above except— (a)in the case of an offence under this Act, by the Secretary of State or by a person authorised in that behalf by the Secretary of State, or (b)in the case of any offence, by or with the consent of the Attorney General for Northern Ireland. (5)Subsections (3) and (4) above shall not prevent the issue or execution of a warrant for the arrest of any person in respect of an offence, or the remanding in custody or on bail of any person charged with an offence. (6)Section 3 of the Territorial Waters Jurisdiction Act 1878 (consents required for prosecutions) shall not apply to any proceedings for an offence within subsection (1) above. 11Civil liability for breach of statutory duty (1)This section has effect as respects— (a)a duty imposed on any person by any provision of this Act, or (b)a duty imposed on any person by any provision of regulations made under this Act which expressly applies the provisions of this section. (2)Breach of any such duty shall be actionable so far, and only so far, as it causes personal injury, and references in section 1 of the Fatal Accidents Act 1846, as it applies in England and Wales, and in Northern Ireland, to a wrongful act, neglect or default shall include references to any breach of a duty which is so actionable. (3)Subsection (2) above is without prejudice to any action which lies apart from the provisions of this Act. (4)Neither section 9(3) of this Act, nor any defences afforded by regulations made in pursuance of section 7(2)(b) of this .Act, shall afford a defence in any civil proceedings, whether brought by virtue of this section or not. (5)So far as the provisions of this section impose a liability on a concession owner, those provisions and the other provisions of this Act to which they relate shall bind the Crown, and accordingly, for the purposes of those provisions, and of any regulations or conditions having effect under any of those provisions, persons in the service of the Crown shall be taken to be employed whether or not they would be so taken apart from this subsection:Provided that this subsection shall not give any right of action to a person as being a member of the armed forces of the Crown. (6)Nothing in the last preceding subsection shall authorise proceedings to be brought against Her Majesty in her private capacity, and this subsection shall be construed as if section 38(3) of the Crown Proceedings Act 1947 (interpretation of references in that Act to Her Majesty in her private capacity) were contained in this Act. (7)In this section " personal injury " includes any disease and any impairment of a person's physical or mental condition and includes any fatal injury. 12Interpretation (1)In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires— " concession owner" means the person having the right to exploit or explore the mineral resources in connection with which the offshore installation is, or has been, or is to be used, " designated area" has the same meaning as in the Continental Shelf Act 1964, " installation manager " has the meaning given by section 4(8) of this Act, " offence under this Act" includes an offence under regulations made under this Act, " offshore installation " has the meaning given by section 1(3) of this Act, but subject to subsections (2) and (3) below, " owner ", in relation to an offshore installation, means the person who has registered the installation pursuant to regulations under section 2 of this Act or, if there is no such person, the person for the time being having the management of the installation, or of its main structure, " prescribed " means prescribed by regulations under this Act, " underwater exploitation " and " underwater exploration " have the meaning given by section 1(3) of this Act. (2)References in this Act to an offshore installation include references to any part of an offshore installation capable of being manned by one or more persons, but regulations under this Act may provide that any provision of this Act shall not apply to such a part of an installation, or shall apply subject to such modifications or exceptions as may be prescribed by the regulations. (3)References in this Act to an offshore installation do not include an installation which at the relevant time consists exclusively of a pipe-line, whether or not any part of it previously formed part of an offshore installation. (4)It is hereby declared that, notwithstanding that this Act may affect individuals or bodies corporate outside the United Kingdom, it applies to any individual whether or not he is a British subject, and to any body corporate whether or not incorporated under the law of any part of the United Kingdom. (5)Any reference in this Act to a contravention of a provision of this Act or of regulations made under this Act includes a reference to a failure to comply with such a provision. (6)Any reference in this Act to any enactment or Act of Parliament includes a reference to an enactment or Act of the Parliament of Northern Ireland. (7)Except where the context otherwise requires, any reference in this Act to any enactment shall be construed as a reference to that enactment as amended, extended or applied by or under any other enactment. 13Financial provisions (1)There shall be paid out of money provided by Parliament— (a)any expenses incurred by the Secretary of State under this Act, and (b)any increase in money payable under any other Act which is an increase attributable to this Act. (2)Any receipts of the Secretary of "State under this Act shall be paid into the Consolidated Fund. 14Short title, commencement and saving (1)This Act may be cited as the Mineral Workings (Offshore Installations) Act 1971. (2)This Act shall come into force on such date as the Secretary of State may by order in a -statutory instrument appoint, and an order under this subsection may appoint different dates for different provisions of this Act, or for different purposes. (3)Nothing in this Act shall be taken to restrict the powers of the Parliament of Northern Ireland to make laws; and any laws made by that Parliament with respect to any matter with respect to which it has that power shall have effect notwithstanding anything in this Act. ### 1Refund of customs duty on hydrocarbon oil used for diplomatic or Commonwealth Secretariat purposes. (1)Subject to the provisions of this section, the Commissioners of Customs and Excise shall make arrangements for securing the refund of customs duty paid on any hydrocarbon oil (within the meaning of the Hydrocarbon Oil (Customs and Excise) Act 1971) which is— (a)bought in the United Kingdom; and (b)used for such a purpose that, had it been imported for that use, exemption from customs duty thereon would have been required to be granted by virtue of— (i)paragraph 1 of Article 36 or paragraph 1 of Article 37 of the Articles set out in Schedule 1 to the Diplomatic Privileges Act 1964; or (ii)section 7 of the said Act of 1964; or (iii)paragraph 4 of the Schedule to the Commonwealth Secretariat Act 1966;but the Commissioners shall not make any payment by virtue of this subsection before such date as may be specified by directions of the Treasury. (2)Any arrangements made under this section may impose conditions subject to which any refund is to be made. (3)Section 3(1) of the said Act of 1964 (which relates to the withdrawal of privileges and immunities conferred by that Act) shall have effect as if the reference therein to that Act included a reference to this section. (4)Any amount refunded under arrangements made under this section shall be defrayed out of the moneys standing to the credit of the General Account of the Commissioners of Customs and Excise. 2Power to grant privileges etc. in case of Caribbean Development Bank. Section 1 of the International Organisations Act 1968 shall apply to the Caribbean Development Bank established in pursuance of the agreement for that purpose signed for the United Kingdom at Kingston, Jamaica on the 18th October 1969 as it applies to such an organisation as is mentioned in subsection (1) of that section. 3Exemption from vehicle excise duty of senior officers of U.N. agencies. Section 2 of the International Organisations Act 1968 (which enables certain exemptions, privileges and reliefs specified in section 2(2) to be conferred on senior officers of a specialised agency of the United Nations having its headquarters or principal office in the United Kingdom) shall have effect as if at the end of subsection (2)(b) there were added the words— “and the exemption comprised in paragraph 9 of that Schedule from vehicle excise duty (that is to say, duty under section 1 of the Vehicles (Excise) Act 1971, whether chargeable by virtue of that section or otherwise, or any corresponding duty under an enactment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland) 4Privileges and immunities in connection with Commonwealth and Irish posts of a consular nature. (1)In the Consular Relations Act 1968 there shall be substituted for section 12 the provisions set out in the Schedule to this Act (which reproduce, with minor extensions and modifications, the present effect of the Diplomatic Immunities (Commonwealth Countries and Republic of Ireland) Act 1952 as amended by that section). (2)Accordingly, from the coming into force of an Order in Council made by virtue of the new section 12, there are hereby repealed— (a)the Diplomatic Immunities (Commonwealth Countries and Republic of Ireland) Act 1952; and (b)in section 8(1)(b) of the Consular Relations Act 1968 the words from " or section 1(2) " onwards. 5Short title. This Act may be cited as the Diplomatic and other Privileges Act 1971. ### 1Amalgamation of registered societies and transfers of their engagements (1)The provisions of this section and of section 2 below shall have effect in place of the provisions of section 70 of the Friendly Societies Act 1896 (in this Act referred to as " the principal Act"). (2)Any two or more registered societies may, by special resolution of each of them, become amalgamated together as one society, with or without any dissolution or division of the funds of those societies or any of them. (3)A registered society may, by special resolution, transfer its engagements to any other registered society which, by special resolution or in such other manner as may be authorised by its rules, undertakes to fulfil those engagements. (4)Before a registered friendly society becomes amalgamated with, or transfers its engagements to, another friendly society in pursuance of subsection (2) or subsection (3) above, or transfers its engagements to a company in accordance with section 71 of the principal Act, information relating to the terms of the proposed amalgamation or transfer shall be given to the members of the society— (a)by sending to each member of the society, not less than fourteen days before the date of the general meeting at which the resolution for the amalgamation or transfer is to be proposed, a notice in terms approved for the purpose by the chief registrar; or (b)if the chief registrar so allows in the case of all or any of the members of the society, by placing an advertisement, in terms approved for the purpose by him, in such newspaper or newspapers, and at such time or times, as he may specify. (5)Where, in accordance with section 75 of the principal Act, there is sent to the central office a copy of a special resolution passed at a meeting of a registered friendly society— (a)for the purpose referred to in subsection (2) or subsection (3) above, or (b)for the purpose of transferring the engagements of the friendly society to a company in accordance with section 71 of the principal Act,the resolution shall not be registered (and accordingly shall not take effect) before the expiry of the period of six weeks beginning with the date on which it is received at the central office. (6)A registered society consisting wholly of members under twenty-one and a registered society or branch or branches of a society having members above twenty-one may, by resolutions registered in the manner required for the registration of an amendment of rules, become amalgamated together as one society or branch, or provide for distributing among several branches the members of a society consisting wholly of members under twenty-one; and the preceding provisions of this section shall not apply to such an amalgamation. 2Objections to amalgamations and transfers of engagements of friendly societies (1)Subject to subsection (2) below, where a special resolution has been passed for the amalgamation, or transfer of the engagements, of a registered friendly society— (a)any member of the society may by notice in writing complain to the chief registrar on the ground that the provisions of section 1 above, section 4 below or of the principal Act or of any rules of the society relating to the procedure for deciding on the resolution have not been complied with ; and (b)any person (whether a member of the society or not) who claims that he is one of a class of persons who to a substantial extent would be adversely affected by the amalgamation or transfer may by notice in writing complain to the chief registrar on that ground. (2)A complaint under this section may not be made after the expiry of the period of six weeks referred to in section 1(5) above, but where such a complaint is made the special resolution shall not be registered until the complaint is finally determined or is withdrawn. (3)Subsections (3) and (4) of section 68 of the principal Act (powers of chief registrar in dealing with disputes) and section 84(e) of that Act (penalties for failure to comply with requirements of chief registrar in dealing with disputes) shall apply in relation to a complaint made to the chief registrar under this section as they apply in relation to a dispute referred to him under that Act; and it is hereby declared that the Arbitration Act 1950 does not apply to proceedings on a complaint under this section. (4)Where a complaint is made under this section the chief registrar may either dismiss it or if, after giving the complainant and the registered society concerned an opportunity of being heard, he finds the complaint to be justified, may either— (a)so declare, but make no other declaration or order under this subsection on the complaint; or (b)declare the special resolution to be invalid; or (c)make such order as he thinks fit modifying the terms of the amalgamation or transfer and, where appropriate, specifying the steps which must be taken before the special resolution may be registered at the central office;and it shall be the duty of the chief registrar to furnish a statement, either written or oral, of the reasons for any decision which he gives on a complaint under this section. (5)Where an order has been made under subsection (4)(c) above in relation to a proposed amalgamation or transfer of engagements, the central office shall not register a special resolution for giving effect to that amalgamation or transfer unless satisfied that any steps specified in the order have been taken. (6)Subject to subsections (7) and (8) below, the validity of a special resolution passed for either of the purposes referred to in subsection (1) above shall not be questioned in any legal proceedings whatsoever (except proceedings before the chief registrar under this section or arising out of any such proceedings) on any ground on which a complaint could be, or could have been, made to the chief registrar under this section. (7)In the course of proceedings on a complaint under this section the chief registrar may, if he thinks fit, at the request of the complainant or of the registered society concerned, state a case for the opinion of the High Court or, if the society concerned is registered in Scotland, the Court of Session on any question of law arising in the proceedings; and the decision of the High Court or, as the case may be, the Court of Session on a case stated under this subsection shall be final. (8)Without prejudice to subsection (1) above, where a special resolution has been passed for the amalgamation of a registered friendly society (whether or not the resolution has taken effect) any person, whether a member of the society or not, who— (a)claims to be entitled to receive any form of benefit from the society, and (b)is dissatisfied with the provision made for satisfying his claim,may within the period of three months beginning with the day on which the special resolution is passed make an application to the county court, or in Scotland to the sheriff, for the district within which the chief or any other place of business of the society, or (if the amalgamation has taken effect) the amalgamated society, is situated, and on any such application the county court or sheriff shall have the same powers in the matter as in regard to the settlement of disputes under the principal Act. 3Other amendments relating to amalgamation, conversion and dissolution of societies (1)So much of section 71 of the principal Act as authorises the amalgamation of a registered society with a company shall cease to have effect. (2)Section 73 of the principal Act (which provides for the conversion of certain registered societies into branches of other registered societies) shall cease to be limited to societies first registered before 1876, and accordingly subsection (7) of that section shall cease to have effect. (3)In paragraph (b) of section 78(1) of the principal Act (which provides for the dissolution by consent of societies and branches other than friendly societies and branches of friendly societies) the words " as respects societies or branches other than friendly societies or branches " shall be omitted and after the word “dissolution” there shall be added the words “and, in the case of a branch of a friendly society, with the consent of the central body of the society or in accordance with the general rules of the society”; and paragraph (c) of the said section 78(1) (which contains special provisions for the dissolution by consent of friendly societies and branches of friendly societies) shall cease to have effect. (4)For subsection (2) of the said section 78 there shall be substituted the following subsection:— (2)If any member of a registered friendly society or branch in respect of which an instrument of dissolution has been registered in accordance with section 79 of this Act,or if any person claiming any relief, annuity or other benefit from the funds of such a society or branch, is dissatisfied with the provision made for satisfying his claim, he may within the period of three months referred to in subsection (6) of that section make an application to the county court for the district within which the chief or any other place of business of that society or branch is situated, and on any such application that court shall have the same powers in the matter as it has with regard to the settlement of disputes under this Act. 4Special resolutions (1)For the purposes of this Act and the principal Act a special resolution, in relation to a registered society, is a resolution passed— (a)at a general meeting of which notice, specifying the intention to propose that resolution, has been duly given in accordance with the society's rules, and (b)by not less than three-quarters of those members of the society for the time being entitled under the society's rules to vote who vote either in person or by proxy at the meeting or, in the case of a meeting of delegates appointed by members, by not less than three-quarters of the delegates who vote at the meeting. (2)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the rules of a registered society, at any such general meeting as is referred to in subsection (1)(a) above, other than a meeting of delegates, proxy voting shall be permitted on any resolution which, if passed as mentioned in subsection (1)(b) above, would be a special resolution, and the procedure adopted by a registered society for proxy voting on any such resolution shall comply with any requirements imposed by the chief registrar by regulations made under this section. (3)The provisions of this section shall have effect in place of the provisions of section 74 of the principal Act, but nothing in this Act shall affect the operation of the principal Act in relation to a special resolution, within the meaning of the said section 74, which is passed and confirmed in accordance with that section before the day appointed for the coming into force of this section. 5Power of chief registrar to inspect and apply for winding up of registered friendly societies and branches (1)If it appears to the chief registrar to be expedient to do so in the interests of the members of a registered friendly society or of the public he may appoint an inspector to examine into and report on the affairs of the society, and for that purpose the inspector may exercise in respect of the society all or any of the powers conferred by subsection (5) of section 76 of the principal Act on an inspector appointed under that section. (2)If on receiving the report of an inspector appointed by him under this section, it appears to the chief registrar that it is in the interests of the members of the society or of the public that the society should be wound up, then, unless the society is already being wound up by the court, the chief registrar may present a petition to the High Court or, in Scotland, to the Court of Session for the society to be wound up by the court in accordance with the Companies Act 1948 if the court thinks it just and equitable that this should be done. (3)The chief registrar may, if he considers it just, direct that all or any of the expenses of and incidental or preliminary to an inspection under this section shall be defrayed out of the funds of the society, or by the members or officers, or former members or officers, of the society in such proportions as he may direct. (4)The provisions of this section apply in relation to a registered branch of a registered friendly society as they apply in relation to such a society. (5)So much of section 17 of the Industrial Assurance Act 1923 as provides for the inspection and dissolution of collecting societies under that section shall cease to have effect (being superseded by the provisions of this section). 6Power of chief registrar to suspend business of registered friendly societies and branches (1)Subject to the following provisions of this section, if, with respect to any registered friendly society, the chief registrar considers it expedient to do so in the interests of the members of the society or the public, he may make an order forbidding the society to accept any new members or to enter into a new contract with any member of the society. (2)Not less than one month before making an order under subsection (1) above in relation to a society the chief registrar shall serve on the society a notice stating that he proposes to make such an order. (3)A notice under subsection (2) above shall specify the considerations which have led the chief registrar to conclude that it would be in the interests of the members of the society or of the public to make the order. (4)The chief registrar shall consider any representations with respect to a notice under subsection (2) above which may be made to him by the society within such period (not being less than one month) from the date on which the society is served with the notice as the chief registrar may allow and, if the society so requests, shall afford to it an opportunity of being heard by him within that period. (5)On making an order under subsection (1) above in relation to a society, the chief registrar shall serve on the society notice of the making of the order, specifying the considerations which have led him to conclude that it is expedient to make the order in the interests of the members of the society or of the public ; and the chief registrar may not make an order under subsection (1) above unless all the considerations so specified were those, or were among those, which were specified in the notice served on the society under subsection (2) above. (6)Notice of the making of an order under subsection (1) above shall be published by the chief registrar in the Gazette and in such other ways as appear to him expedient for informing the public. (7)If a society contravenes the provisions of an order under subsection (1) above it shall be liable on conviction on indictment or on summary conviction to a fine which, on summary conviction, shall not exceed £400; and every officer of the society who knowingly and wilfully authorises or permits the contravention shall be liable— (a)on conviction on indictment, to a fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or to both, or (b)on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding £400. (8)An order under subsection (1) above may be revoked by a subsequent order made by the chief registrar. (9)The provisions of this section apply in relation to a registered branch of a registered friendly society as they apply in relation to such a society. 7Power of chief registrar to require production of documents (1)The chief registrar may at any time, if he thinks there is good reason to do so— (a)give directions to a registered friendly society requiring the society, at such time and place as may be specified in the directions, to produce such books or papers as may be so specified ; or (b)authorise an officer of the central office, on producing (if required to do so) evidence of his authority, to require a registered friendly society to produce to him forthwith any books or papers which the officer may specify. (2)Where by virtue of subsection (1) above the chief registrar or any officer of the central office has power to require the production of any books or papers from a registered friendly society, the chief registrar or officer shall have the like power to require production of those books or papers from any person who appears to the chief registrar or officer to be in possession of them; but where any such person claims a lien on books or papers produced by him, the production shall be without prejudice to the lien. (3)Any power conferred by or by virtue of this section to require a registered friendly society or other person to produce books or papers includes power— (a)if the books or papers are produced, to take copies of them or extracts from them and to require that person, or any other person who is an officer or former officer of, or is or was at any time employed by, the society in question, to provide an explanation of them; (b)if the books or papers are not produced, to require the person who was required to produce them to state, to the best of his knowledge and belief, where they are. (4)Subject to subsection (5) below, if a requirement to produce books or papers or provide an explanation or make a statement which is imposed by virtue of this section is not complied with, the society or other person on whom the requirement was so imposed shall be guilty of an offence under the principal Act and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400. (5)Where a person Is charged with an offence under subsection (4) above in respect of a requirement to produce any books or papers, it shall be a defence to prove that they were not in his possession or under his control and that it was not reasonably practicable for him to comply with the requirement. (6)A statement made by a person in compliance with a requirement imposed by virtue of this section (including any explanation provided under subsection (3) (a) above) may be used in evidence against him. (7)The provisions of this section apply in relation to a registered branch of a registered friendly society as they apply in relation to such a society. 8Cancellation and suspension of registration In order— (a)to remove a number of anomalies in section 77 of the principal Act (cancellation and suspension of registration of a society) and thereby bring the law relating to registered societies into conformity with the corresponding provisions (in sections 16 and 17) of the Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1965, and (b)to remove the requirement of Treasury approval for the exercise by the chief registrar and the assistant registrar for Scotland of their powers to cancel or suspend the registration of a society, for the said section 77 there shall be substituted the sections set out in Schedule 1 to this Act. 9Fees for registration of friendly societies, etc. (1)Notwithstanding anything in subsection (2) of section 96 of the principal Act (which provides that no fees shall be payable on the registration of societies falling within paragraphs (1)to (4A) of section 8 of that Act or on an amendment of the rules of such societies) the Treasury may by order provide that, on the registration of any such society as is mentioned in that subsection or on an amendment of the rules of any such society, fees may be charged in accordance with a scale determined by the Treasury under subsection (1) of that section. (2)The power to make an order under this section includes power to vary or revoke such an order by a further order so made. 10Group insurance business (1)The requirement in paragraph 2 of Schedule 1 to the principal Act that the rules of a registered society shall set out the conditions under which a member may become entitled to any benefit assured by the society shall not require the inclusion in the rules of a registered society of tables relating to the benefits payable to or in respect of any members of the society in pursuance of approved group insurance business. (2)The requirement in paragraph (a) of section 8(2) of the Industrial Assurance Act 1923 that the rules of a collecting society shal